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patient of all kind. So far as patient is been consider as a whole i.e. body, soul and sprit. The caritas motive, been seen a motive of caring which implies the responsibility for another person in a caritative caring. According to (Erikkson 2002) caring is based on human love. 38 | P a g e The biopsychosocial model includes the spiritual aspect of patient. Where it emphasize the need of health care professional to focus on patient’s needs. Spirituality affects one’s physical, psychological and interpersonal state and vice-versa which contribute to quality of life. The spiritual history of a patient present religious coping style, present biopsychosocial state plus any spiritual intervention which would all affect the present state of spiritual well-being which in turn would contribute to the overall quality of life. Therefore, holistic health care of holistic nursing must address patient physical, social, spiritual and psychological needs and both models confirms that patient should be consider as a whole human being but neither do both model discuss nor talk about the challenges face by nurses practising holistic care and nurses view on holistic care. Some of the patient’s psychological reaction to illness may include previous experiences of health care, knowledge and beliefs about illness, stress, social and emotional support, culture and beliefs of the patient and staff. Cognitive adaptation theory suggests that the way in which people understand and make sense of illness will affect how they cope with it (Taylor 1983). Therefore it is important for patients that get the right support from nurses friends and family members to put meaning control and optimism back in their lives. The lack of providing psychological care leads to prolonged recovery and hospital stays, increased use of medical and nursing services, stress and distress and the development of more serious problems. This could be brought about by lack of time unsupportive clinical environment, negative attitude on the part of staff, competing priorities and staff shortages. However, simple acts of touch e.g holding hands, eye contact or active listening could help reduce some psychological effects. 7.2 Limitation The amount of literature utilised in this final project’s findings was limited and this may have been caused by the small amount of published articles on the topic or insufficient database searches due to the authors’ lack of knowledge and experience. However, the 39 | P a g e authors contemplate that regardless of the limited amount of articles used in this final project’s findings, all articles were written and published by professionals in their own field from many different countries and continents. Subsequently, this would show that what the authors findings of this final research are based on a global sample. As the research question inquires what the best practises in nursing care, the authors feel that considering these practises on a global level is far more beneficial than focusing on just one country or continent. First, we recognize that this is not a full description of holistic nursing care about nurse’s view and challenges and some points may be missing. For example, the language restrictions, authors not able to access paid articles may have influenced the findings; research studies in other languages might have added new information to our description. Further studies are needed to systematically elaborate the topic further, that is, to examine what researchers have emphasized when dealing with holistic nursing practices from the perspective of nurses and the challenges they might face, and how criteria of articles, language of research have affected the result of the studies. Secondly, the author also take into consideration time constraint used in processing this research may have affected the result of the studies. Additionally, Holistic nursing is a broad area in nursing field which might be a load for a bachelor’s thesis. 7.3 Work Division Both Authors worked together to make the research work possible. Most part of the thesis were written together. The research questions where share by both authors. Author 1 (Grace Ngugi) found the research answer to research question 1 while author 2 (Olorunleke Igunnuoda) handled the second research question. At the end both finding where discussed together to give a final result for the project work. 40 | P a g e 8 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The goal of this research work is to seek what is found in literature about nurse’s view on holistic nursing and challenges nurses might face when practicing holistic nursing. Qualitative methods was used and an inductive data analysis where used to screen selected articles. The results shows that communication, attitude and knowledge, social wellbeing are most view by nurses on holistic nursing while religion belief, education and meeting patient need are most challenging for nurses in holistic nursing practise. Maybe we could also argue practicing holistic nursing approach requires technology skills and up-to-date nursing skills and knowledge. Holistic nursing is not factual knowledge but it also about feelings and social competence, training that last within us throughout our life long experience. Holism is the idea of treating a person as a whole, with this perspective; a part cannot be looked at in isolation from the whole. Holistic nursing challenges the limited perspective of
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