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were allocated by class to intervention or wait-list control conditions. Standardized measures assessed trauma exposure, PTSD, grief, and depression. Program fidelity and participant experiences were measured by adherence questionnaires and focus groups. Analyses involved paired t-tests, ANCOVAs, and thematic analysis. Intervention students reported significant decreases in PTSD, grief, and depression. Findings indicate that the TRT program has the potential to ameliorate children’s trauma symptoms during situations of ongoing violence. Berger, R., Gelkopf, M., & Heineberg, Y. (2012). A teacher-delivered intervention for adolescents exposed to ongoing and intense traumatic war-related stress: A quasi-randomized controlled study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 51, 453-461. doi:10.1016/j. jadohealth.2012.02.011 Purpose: For the past 8 years, the residents of Sderot — a town in southern Israel — have been exposed to ongoing and intense war-related threat due to daily rocket attacks and mortar shelling from the adjacent Gaza region. This study first evaluates the prevalence of posttraumatic symptomatology in a sample of seventh- and eighth-grade students, and then assesses the efficacy of a universal teacher-delivered skilloriented and present-focused intervention in preventing and reducing adolescents’ posttraumatic stress-related symptoms. Method: In a quasi-randomized controlled trial, 154 seventhand eighth-grade students with significant levels of war-related exposure were assigned to participate in either a manualized active 16-session intervention (ERASE-Stress) or a waiting-list control group. They were assessed using self-report measures before and after the intervention on posttraumatic stress-related symptoms, somatic complaints, functional impairment, and anxiety. Results: At baseline, 43.5% were found to have a likely diagnosis of PTSD. A month after the intervention ended, students in the active intervention showed statistically significant reduction on all outcome measures compared with those in the waiting-list control group. Conclusions: Extended ERASE-Stress — a universal teacher-delivered skill-oriented program not targeting traumatic memories and involving trained and supervised homeroom teachers — may help students suffering from significant war-related posttraumatic symptoms reduce their level of symptomatology and can serve as an important and effective component of a community mental health policy for communities affected by chronic trauma, such as war and terrorism. Danielson, C.K., McCart, M.R., Walsh, K., de Arellano, M.A., White, D., & Resnick, H.S. (2012). Reducing substance use risk and mental health problems among sexually assaulted adolescents: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal of Family Psychology, 26, 628-635. doi:10.1037/a0028862 The current study reports results from a pilot randomized controlled trial evaluating the feasibility and FEATURED ARTICLES PAGE 4 PTSD RESEARCH QUARTERLY efficacy of Risk Reduction through Family Therapy (RRFT) for reducing substance use risk and trauma-related mental health problems among sexually assaulted adolescents. Thirty adolescents (aged 13–17 years; M = 14.80; SD = 1.51) who had experienced at least one sexual assault and their caregivers were randomized to RRFT or TAU conditions. Participants completed measures of substance use, substance use risk factors (e.g., family functioning), mental health problems (i.e., PTSD, depression, and general internalizing/externalizing symptoms) and risky sexual behavior at four time points (baseline, post treatment, and 3- and 6-month follow-up). Mixed-effects regression models yielded significantly greater reductions in substance use, specific substance use risk factors, and (parent-reported) PTSD, depression, and general internalizing symptoms among youth in the RRFT condition relative to youth in the TAU condition. However, significant baseline differences in functioning between the two conditions warrant caution in interpreting between-groups findings. Instead, emphasis is placed on replication of feasibility findings and within-group improvements over time among the RRFT youth. Diehle, J., Opmeer, B. C., Boer, F., Mannarino, A. P., & Lindauer, R. J. L. (2015). Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: What works in children with posttraumatic stress symptoms? A randomized controlled trial. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 24, 227-236. doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0572-5 To prevent adverse long-term effects, children who suffer from posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) need treatment. Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is an established treatment for children with PTSS. However, alternatives are important for non-responders or if TF-CBT trained therapists are unavailable. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a promising treatment for which sound comparative evidence is lacking. The current randomized controlled trial investigates the effectiveness and efficiency of both treatments. Forty-eight children (8–18 years) were randomly assigned to eight sessions of TF-CBT or EMDR. The primary outcome was PTSS as measured with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA). Secondary outcomes included
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