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Presently, there are two major challenges that are emerging in nursing. First the integration of the concept of technology, mind and spirit into nursing practice and secondly is to create models that focus on the healing of self and others. (Wunderlish, Kohler, 2001). The idea of caring for the entire person, not just their physical body, is one that dates back to Florence Nightingale. Florence Nightingale devotion was to care for those who could not care for themselves. Florence Nightingale herself encouraged holistic care by recognizing the importance of environment touch, light, scents, music and silent reflection in therapy process (Erickson, 2007). In order to get a clear understanding of Holistic nursing, Katie Eriksson theory of Caritative caring will be used. Katie Eriksson who is a Finnish and Swedish nurse, came up with this theory of Caritative care that helps differentiate the relationship between a nurse and a patient and the concept of caring ethics which guide the nurses in decision making. The theory of Caritative care includes love and charity which in other words is known as caritas. It highlights the importance of respecting the dignity of a human being and holiness. (Alligood, Marriner-Tomey, 2010) Holistic nursing is the concept of caring of a person as a whole. The aim is to restore the patient as a whole. Holistic nursing emphasizes on the nurses taking into account the connection between mind, body, emotion, spirit, social, cultural, environment and past relationships in order to restore the patient to a whole. This however has not always been possible to achieve. (American Nurse Today, 2013 The study is a literature review and the aim is to find out about Holistic nursing, what are the nurse’s view on holistic nursing and the challenges that are there in practicing holistic nursing. 8 | P a g e 2 BACKGROUND Holistic self-care. Holistic nursing is a model that combine the idea of presence, healing and holism. These ideas are grounded on broad academic principles that find the relationship between art and science with the help of analytic and intuitive skills, and the relationship between the body, mind and spirit. Holistic nursing was formed by the American holistic nurse association in 1980 (Mariano, 2013). The goal of holistic nursing is to possibly elevate, reduce or prevent suffering. In the mid-90s, nursing began to become a profession and became connected to developments medicine. In 1970, most nurse student and researcher sees nursing as being concerned with the whole person. Dossey theory of nursing was boldly based on holistic, integrated, and multidimensional theory. (American Nurse Today, 2013) The American Holistic Nurses Association (AHNA) was established in 1980 to represent holistic nurses, also to encourage in educating of nurses, researcher in practicing holistic nursing. The American Holistic Nurses Certification Corporation (AHNCC) was also established in 1997 to recognize holistic nurses, AHNCC work hand in hand with AHNA to further holistic nursing and also to provide educational opportunities in holistic nursing field (American Nurse Today, 2013) Is holistic nursing a specialty practice? The American Nurses Association (ANA) first recognized holistic nursing in 2006 as a special area of nursing practice which also give nurses practicing holistic nursing a base for practicing and also differciate the difference between holistic nurses and ordinary nurses in healthcare professions (American Nurse Today, 2013). 9 | P a g e Standards and scope of practice for holistic nursing practice AHNA with the cooperation of ANA made possible Holistic Nursing Scope & Standards of Practice. The standard of Practice that describes the standards of practice and professional performance of holistic nursing, it also definition of holistic nursing and also give the historical culture of holistic nursing. AHNA standards of Practice made it possible for all nurses to understand the philosophy, values, knowledge, and skills needed to practice holistic care, health, and healing are based, and show the relationship of CAM to the standards. Below the five core values of holistic nursing are shown (American Nurse Today, 2013) · Holistic philosophy, theories, and ethics · Holistic caring process · Holistic communication, therapeutic environment, and cultural diversity · Holistic education and research (American Nurse Today, 2013) 2.1 Holistic care Holistic nursing focuses on protecting, promoting, and optimizing health and wellness and preventing illness and injury at the same time reducing suffering and supporting people to find peace, comfort and balance through their illness. (Mariano, 2007) Holistic nursing also recognizes holism. According to American Holistic Nurses, 1994 “holism involves studying and understanding the interrelationship of the bio-psychosocial-spiritual dimensions of the person recognizes that the whole
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