are considered preparatory methods to be used concurrently with purposeful activity or during occupational engagement
Support & promote the acquisition of the performance skills necessary to enable a client to resume or assume
use various forms of energy to:
modulate pain
modify tissue healing
increase tissue extensibility
modify skin & scar tissue
decrease edema & inflammation
Three types:
Thermal
Convection
Conduction
Conversion (Radiation)
Electromagnetic
Electric
use of PAMs exclusively as a therapeutic intervention without direct application to occupational performance is not considered OT
Hydrotherapy/Whirlpool
Cryotherapy (cold packs/ice)
Fluidotherapy
Hot packs
Paraffin
Water, Infrared, etc.
Ultrasound
Phonophoresis
Short-wave Diathermy
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
High-voltage Galvanic Stimulation for Tissue & Wound Repair (ESTR)
High-voltage Pulsed Current (HYPC)
Direct Current (DC)
Iontophoresis