Embedded Files
Steve Boerner
Chesterfield, MO 63017
sboerner@charter.net
Caldwell Silver Certificate #: 223
Requirements:
To qualify for the Imaging – Caldwell Award, you need to image and record your observations for either 70 objects or all 109 objects. A description is required in addition to the image. Any telescope is acceptable.
All objects must be imaged to earn this certification.
a. Date and Time of observations (local time or UT)
b. Latitude and Longitude of observations
c. The Aperture size of the telescope
d. Details of imaging equipment used.
e. A description of the Caldwell objects.
Imaging locations:
Home
Sachs Library
Brommelsiek Park
Details of imaging equipment used:
Imaging scope Seestar S50 Dwarf II (used for large targets)
Aperture 50 mm 24 mm
Focal ratio f/5 f/4.2
Focal length 250 mm 100 mm
Optical lens Apochromatic triplet four-element one ED glass component
Mount type Alt-azimuth Alt-azimuth
Camera information
Sensor IMX462 IMX 415
Resolution 1920 x 1080 pixels 3,840 × 2,160 pixels
Exposure length 10 seconds/image varies up to 15 seconds (15 seconds used)
Gain 80 varies (80 used)
Image scale 2.37 arcsec/pixel 2.98 arcseconds/pixel
Pre crop FOV 1.29º x 0.73º 3.2° × 1.6°
Filter(s) LP & UV/IR cut UHC light-pollution UV/IR cut
Pixel size 2.9 μm 1.45 μm
Binning 1x 1x or 2x (1x used)
Other information for both SeeStar S50 and Dwarf II
Image calibration System software as part of the process
Mount Control Samsung Android tablet running free App
Stacking Mount software
Post-processing GraXpert, Siril v 1.24, PhotoShop CS2
What I'd Like to Accomplish
I've been both an imager and visual observer since last century. I've practiced the ideas behind Electronically Assisted Astronomy (EAA) for over a decade and know that even with exposures less than thirty seconds, you can see more in an image than at the eyepiece on a really big scope. Even with that, it seems like I need to drive for an hour to be able to really "see" things. I'm getting too old to drive all night and schlep the equipment. I need a change.
In the past year, smart telescopes have become the rage. My wife bought me a SeeStar S50 for our anniversary this past June (2024). It is minimal in size, easy to set up and use, and seems almost a foolproof turn-key system. I was astounded to see what a five-minute stack of 10-second exposures could do from my Bortle scale 7-8 front yard. I've decided to use it to capture the Caldwell Objects.
I plan to image the Caldwell Catalog using my SeeStar from locations at or near my house. The house lacks views between the SE and NW so I'll need another location to get the entire sky. My first choice is the parking lot of the Sachs Library near the intersection of I64 and Clarkson Rd. A SeeStar's default exposure is 10 seconds with a gain of 80. Targets will be allowed to stack the exposures for at least five minutes, but never more than one-half hour. I'll adjust brightness, contrast, and saturation with the SeeStar and post-process the SeeStar frames with GraXpert and Siril for better results.
SeeStar S50s are far from perfect. They are built to display on a vertical cell phone screen using a sensor that is 1089 (H)x1920 (V) pixels and have a 0.73°x1.29° field of view. The large FOV means many targets will be small in the frame and the low resolution won't be much help in zooming in. Add to that the field rotation that comes from the Alt/Az mount means you won't see many (any?) in the photo section of the Reflector or other Astronomy magazines. Still, what can be captured is much better than what can be seen visually in a much bigger scope like my 12" SkyWatcher Dobsonian, particularly in the light-polluted areas I plan to use.
I should mention that I'm very red/green colorblind. The colors below look good to me but to people with normal vision, they may be a bit strange.
Capture and Post-Processing
Most of the images below come from the saved stacked SeeStar or Dwarf II fit files. A Dwarf II is used for the larger targets. The images are loaded onto a Win11 laptop via USB3, GraXpert is used to remove gradients, remove noise, and save a stretched file. Siril 1.26 is used for photometric color calibration, to remove green noise, and to stretch with Histogram Transformation and/or Generalized Hyperbolic Stretch Transformation. The AstroBBQ_SharpenMedium script is run followed by saving the resulting image.
Caldwell number: C 1 Count: 1/70
NGC/IC number: 188
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Cep
Magnitude: 8.1
Size: 14 arcminutes
RA: 00 44.4 (H M S)
Dec: +85 20 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/11/2024
Time: 12:18 am CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description: This is the most northern of all the Caldwell objectsd and it is well above the plane of the Milky Way. It is fairly old as open clusters go because the above the plane location means that gravity doesn't cause it to spread apart
rapidly. The image shows many concentrated stars with a wide range of brightness. My estimated Trumpler classification is II 2 r.
Caldwell number: C 2 Count: 2/70
NGC/IC number: 40
Common name:
Object type: PN
Constellation: Cep
Magnitude: 11.6
Size: 0.6 arcminutes
RA: 00 13.0 (H M S)
Dec: +72 32 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 11:33 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description: C2 is also known as the bow-tie nebula. It is oblong with the long axis pointing towards the north-northeast. There are two additional pairs of lobes around the poles, which correspond to
additional ejections from the star. Published pictures look more bluish
than my image.
Caldwell number: C3 Count: 3/70
NGC/IC number: 4236
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: Dra
Magnitude: 9.7
Size: 21 x 7 arcminutes
RA: 12 16.7 (H M S)
Dec: +69 28 (D M)
Image data
Date: 5/15/2025
Time: 09:39 PM CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50-eq
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description: Caldwell 3 is an example of a barred Magellanic
spiral galaxies because it has only one arm. The structure really didn't show up when I did the Visual Caldwell OP where I said it was a "dim blob", but it really shows up well in this image.
Caldwell number: C 4 Count: 4/70
NGC/IC number: 7023
Common name: Reflection Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Cep
Magnitude: 6.8
Size: 18 x 18 arcminutes
RA: 21 01.8 (H M S)
Dec: +68 12 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/10/2024
Time: 10:06 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 15 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description: C4 is also called the Iris Nebula. This nebula reflects light from Mira-type variable star T Cephei, and the variable star Beta Cephei (Alfirk). My image shows a number of dark nebula in the image too. Zooming in shows a fair amount of detail.
Caldwell number: C 5 Count: 5/70
NGC/IC number: IC 342
Common name:
Object type: SBcG
Constellation: Cam
Magnitude: 9.2
Size: 18 x 17 arcminutes
RA: 03 46.8 (H M S)
Dec: +68 06 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/10/2024
Time: 10:50 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 180
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description: C5 is also know as the Hidden Galaxy because it is difficult to differentiate it from the background Milky Way. A bit of its spiral structure can be seen in my SeeStar image. I particularly like the straight chains of stars in
the image to the right and below.
Caldwell number: C 6 Count: 6/70
NGC/IC number: 6543
Common name: Cat’s Eye Nebula
Object type: PN
Constellation: Dra
Magnitude: 8.8
Size: 0.3/5.8 arcminutes
RA: 17 58.6 (H M S)
Dec: +66 38 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 08:26 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 61
Total exposure: 10.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 7 Count: 7/70
NGC/IC number: 2403
Common name:
Object type: ScG
Constellation: Cam
Magnitude: 8.9
Size: 18 x 10 arcminutes
RA: 07 36.9 (H M S)
Dec: +65 36 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 10:31 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 8 Count: 8/70
NGC/IC number: 559
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Cas
Magnitude: 9.5
Size: 4 arcminutes
RA: 01 29.5 (H M S)
Dec: +63 18 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/10/2024
Time: 11:00 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 9 Count: 9/70
NGC/IC number: Sh2-155
Common name: Cave Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Cep
Magnitude: 7.7
Size: 50 x 10 arcminutes
RA: 22 56.8 (H M S)
Dec: +62 37 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/10/2024
Time: 11:39 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 150
Total exposure: 25 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 10 Count: 10/70
NGC/IC number: 663
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Cas
Magnitude: 7.1
Size: 16 arcminutes
RA: 01 46.0 (H M S)
Dec: +61 15 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/10/2024
Time: 11:47 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 11 Count: 11/70
NGC/IC number: 7635
Common name: Bubble Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Cas
Magnitude: 7
Size: 15 x 8 arcminutes
RA: 23 20.7 (H M S)
Dec: +61 12 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/11/2024
Time: 12:48 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 187
Total exposure: 31.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 12 Count: 12/70
NGC/IC number: 6946
Common name:
Object type: ScG
Constellation: Cep
Magnitude: 9.7
Size: 11 x 9 arcminutes
RA: 20 34.8 (H M S)
Dec: +60 09 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 09:00 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 13 Count: 13/70
NGC/IC number: 457
Common name: Phi Cas Cluster
Object type: OC
Constellation: Cas
Magnitude: 6.4
Size: 13 arcminutes
RA: 01 19.1 (H M S)
Dec: +58 20 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 11:42 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 33
Total exposure: 5.5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 14 Count: 14/70
NGC/IC number: 869/884
Common name: Sword Handle
Object type: OC
Constellation: Per
Magnitude: 4.3
Size: 30 and 30 arcminutes
RA: 02 20.0 (H M S)
Dec: +57 08 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/20/2024
Time: 10:48 pm CDT
Location: Home
Scope: Dwarf II
# frames: 50
Total exposure: 12.5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Pass
Description:
Caldwell number: C 15 Count: 15/70
NGC/IC number: 6826
Common name: Blinking Nebula
Object type: PN
Constellation: Cyg
Magnitude: 9.8
Size: 0.5/2.3 arcminutes
RA: 19 44.8 (H M S)
Dec: +50 31 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 07:30 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 10 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 16 Count: 16/70
NGC/IC number: 7243
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Lac
Magnitude: 6.4
Size: 21 arcminutes
RA: 22 15.3 (H M S)
Dec: +49 53 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 9:48 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 17 Count: 17/70
NGC/IC number: 147
Common name:
Object type: dE4G
Constellation: Cas
Magnitude: 9.3
Size: 13 x 8 arcminutes
RA: 00 33.2 (H M S)
Dec: +48 30 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 11:03 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 122
Total exposure: 20.33 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 18 Count: 18/70
NGC/IC number: 185
Common name:
Object type: dE0G
Constellation: Cas
Magnitude: 9.2
Size: 12 x 9 arcminutes
RA: 00 39.0 (H M S)
Dec: +48 20 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 11:01 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 44
Total exposure: 7.33 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 19 Count: 19/70
NGC/IC number: IC 5146
Common name: Cocoon Neb
Object type: BN
Constellation: Cyg
Magnitude: 10
Size: 12 x 12 arcminutes
RA: 21 53.5 (H M S)
Dec: +47 16 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 11:35 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 20 Count: 20/70
NGC/IC number: 7000
Common name: North American Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Cyg
Magnitude: 6
Size: 120 x 100 arcminutes
RA: 20 58.8 (H M S)
Dec: +44 20 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/29/2024
Time: 06:33 PM CST
Location: Home
Scope: Dwarf II
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 15 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 21 Count: 21/70
NGC/IC number: 4449
Common name:
Object type: IG
Constellation: CVn
Magnitude: 9.4
Size: 5 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 12 28.2 (H M S)
Dec: +44 06 (D M)
Image data
Date: 5/15/2025
Time: 10:48 PM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50-eq
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 22 Count: 22/70
NGC/IC number: 7662
Common name:
Object type: PN
Constellation: And
Magnitude: 9.2
Size: 0.3/2.2 arcminutes
RA: 23 25.9 (H M S)
Dec: +42 33 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 09:17 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 54
Total exposure: 9 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 23 Count: 23/70
NGC/IC number: 891
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: And
Magnitude: 9.9
Size: 14 x 2 arcminutes
RA: 02 22.6 (H M S)
Dec: +42 21 (D M)
Image data
Date: 4/8/2025
Time: 8:25 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 180
Total exposure: 0 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 24 Count: 24/70
NGC/IC number: 1275
Common name: Per A radio source
Object type: Seyfert Gal
Constellation: Per
Magnitude: 11.6
Size: 2.6 x 1 arcminutes
RA: 03 19.8 (H M S)
Dec: +41 31 (D M)
Image data
Date: 4/8/2025
Time: 9:07 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 180
Total exposure: 0 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 25 Count: 25/70
NGC/IC number: 2419
Common name:
Object type: GC
Constellation: Lyn
Magnitude: 10.4
Size: 4.1 arcminutes
RA: 07 38.1 (H M S)
Dec: +38 53 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 11:24 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 32
Total exposure: 5.33 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 26 Count: 26/70
NGC/IC number: 4244
Common name:
Object type: SG
Constellation: CVn
Magnitude: 10.6
Size: 16 x 2.5 arcminutes
RA: 12 17.5 (H M S)
Dec: +37 49 (D M)
Image data
Date: 5/15/2025
Time: 11:57 PM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50-eq
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 27 Count: 27/70
NGC/IC number: 6888
Common name: Crescent Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Cyg
Magnitude: 7.5
Size: 20 x 10 arcminutes
RA: 20 12.0 (H M S)
Dec: +38 21 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 8:11 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 121
Total exposure: 20.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 28 Count: 28/70
NGC/IC number: 752
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: And
Magnitude: 5.7
Size: 50 arcminutes
RA: 01 57.8 (H M S)
Dec: +37 41 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 11:46 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 24
Total exposure: 4 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 29 Count: 29/70
NGC/IC number: 5005
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: CVn
Magnitude: 9.8
Size: 5.4 x 2 arcminutes
RA: 13 10.9 (H M S)
Dec: +37 03 (D M)
Image data
Date: 5/15/2025
Time: 10:47 PM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50-eq
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 30 Count: 30/70
NGC/IC number: 7331
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: Peg
Magnitude: 9.5
Size: 11 x 4 arcminutes
RA: 22 37.1 (H M S)
Dec: +34 25 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/10/2024
Time: 110:11 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 31 Count: 31/70
NGC/IC number: IC 405
Common name: Flaming Star Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Aur
Magnitude: 6
Size: 30 x 19 arcminutes
RA: 05 16.2 (H M S)
Dec: +34 16 (D M)
Image data
Date: 11/7/2024
Time: 09:53 pm CST
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 32 Count: 32/70
NGC/IC number: 4631
Common name:
Object type: ScG
Constellation: CVn
Magnitude: 9.3
Size: 15 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 12 42.1 (H M S)
Dec: +32 32 (D M)
Image data
Date: 5/16/2025
Time: 12:47 AM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50-eq
# frames: 90
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 33 Count: 33/70
NGC/IC number: 6992/5
Common name: East Veil Nebula
Object type: SN
Constellation: Cyg
Magnitude: 0
Size: 60 x 8 arcminutes
RA: 20 56.4 (H M S)
Dec: +31 43 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/7/2024
Time: 10:00 PM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: Dwarf II
# frames: 132
Total exposure: 22 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 34 Count: 34/70
NGC/IC number: 6960
Common name: West Veil Nebula
Object type: SN
Constellation: Cyg
Magnitude: 0
Size: 70 x 6 arcminutes
RA: 20 45.7 (H M S)
Dec: +30 43 (D M)
Image data
Date: 10/21/2024
Time: 08:45 PM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: Dwarf II
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 10 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 35 Count: 35/70
NGC/IC number: 4889
Common name: Brightest in cluster
Object type: E4G
Constellation: Com
Magnitude: 11.4
Size: 3 x 2 arcminutes
RA: 13 00.1 (H M S)
Dec: +27 59 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/23/2025
Time: 11:20 PM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 36 Count: 36/70
NGC/IC number: 4559
Common name:
Object type: ScG
Constellation: Com
Magnitude: 9.8
Size: 10 x 4 arcminutes
RA: 12 36.0 (H M S)
Dec: +27 58 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/23/2025
Time: 10:50 pm CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 37 Count: 37/70
NGC/IC number: 6885
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Vul
Magnitude: 5.7
Size: 7 arcminutes
RA: 20 12.0 (H M S)
Dec: +26 29 (D M)
Image data
Date: 5/16/2025
Time: 01:11 AM CDT
Location: Home
Scope: SeeStar S50-eq
# frames: 45
Total exposure: 15 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 38 Count: 38/70
NGC/IC number: 4565
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: Com
Magnitude: 9.6
Size: 16 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 12 36.3 (H M S)
Dec: +25 59 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/23/2025
Time: 10:00 PM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 39 Count: 39/70
NGC/IC number: 2392
Common name: Eskimo Nebula
Object type: PN
Constellation: Gem
Magnitude: 9.9
Size: 0.2/0.7 arcminutes
RA: 07 29.2 (H M S)
Dec: +20 55 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/9/2025
Time: 09:47 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 31
Total exposure: 5.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 40 Count:40/70
NGC/IC number: 3626
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: Leo
Magnitude: 10.9
Size: 3 x 2 arcminutes
RA: 11 20.1 (H:min)
Dec: +18 21 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 2/9/2026
Time: 08:37 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 157
Total exposure: 26.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Notes:
Description:
Caldwell number: C 41 Count: /70
NGC/IC number: —
Common name: Hyades
Object type: OC
Constellation: Tau
Magnitude: 1
Size: 330 arcminutes
RA: 04 27.0 (H M S)
Dec: +16 00 (D M)
Image data
Date: 4/7/2025
Time: 8:38 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: Dwarf II
# frames: 40
Total exposure: 0 minutes
Filter(s): none
Description:This is a two frame mosaic from a Dwarf II because the Hyades is so large. Even this doesn't cover the entire open cluster. The FOV is 3.18 x 3.13 deg. Aldebaran is the bright star at the top and Theta1 and Theta2 Tau are the bright double.
North is 306.8 degrees E of N
Caldwell number: C 42 Count: 42/70
NGC/IC number: 7006
Common name: Very distant globular
Object type: GC
Constellation: Del
Magnitude: 10.6
Size: 2.8 arcminutes
RA: 21 01.5 (H M S)
Dec: +16 11 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/24/2025
Time: 02:50 AM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 43 Count: 43/70
NGC/IC number: 7814
Common name:
Object type: SbG
Constellation: Peg
Magnitude: 10.5
Size: 6 x 2 arcminutes
RA: 00 03.3 (H:min)
Dec: +16 09 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 10/21/2025
Time: 10:20 PM CDT
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 0 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 44 Count: 44/70
NGC/IC number: 7479
Common name:
Object type: SBbG
Constellation: Peg
Magnitude: 11
Size: 4 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 23 04.9 (H:min)
Dec: +12 19 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 11/13/2025
Time: 07:44 PM CST
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20.00 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 45 Count: 45/70
NGC/IC number: 5248
Common name:
Object type: ScG
Constellation: Boo
Magnitude: 10.2
Size: 6 x 4 arcminutes
RA: 13 37.5 (H M S)
Dec: +08 53 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/23/2025
Time: 11:50 PM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 46 Count: 46/70
NGC/IC number: 2261
Common name: Hubble’s Variable Neb.
Object type: BN
Constellation: Mon
Magnitude: 10
Size: 2 x 1 arcminutes
RA: 06 39.2 (H M S)
Dec: +08 44 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/9/2025
Time: 09:55 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 32
Total exposure: 5.33 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 48 Count:48/70
NGC/IC number: 2775
Common name:
Object type: SaG
Constellation: Can
Magnitude: 10.3
Size: 4.5 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 09 10.3 (H:min)
Dec: +07 02 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 2/9/2026
Time: 7:41 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 183
Total exposure: 30.5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Notes:
Description:
Caldwell number: C 48 Count:48/70
NGC/IC number: 2775
Common name:
Object type: SaG
Constellation: Can
Magnitude: 10.3
Size: 4.5 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 09 10.3 (H:min)
Dec: +07 02 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 2/9/2026
Time: 7:41 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 183
Total exposure: 30.5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Notes:
Description:
Caldwell number: C 49 Count: 49/70
NGC/IC number: 2237-9
Common name: Rosette Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: Mon
Magnitude: 0
Size: 80 x 60 arcminutes
RA: 06 32.3 (H M S)
Dec: +05 03 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/10/2013
Time: 08:15 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: T2i/Apogee
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): none
Caldwell number: C 50 Count: 50/70
NGC/IC number: 2244
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Mon
Magnitude: 4.8
Size: 24 arcminutes
RA: 06 32.4 (H M S)
Dec: +04 52 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/10/2013
Time: 08:15 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: T2i/Apogee
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 30 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut
Description:
Caldwell number: C 51 Count: 51/70
NGC/IC number: IC 1613
Common name:
Object type: IG
Constellation: Cet
Magnitude: 9
Size: 12 x 11 arcminutes
RA: 01 04.8 (H:min)
Dec: +02 07 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 11/13/2025
Time: 08:26 pm CST
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 181
Total exposure: 30.17 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 52 Count: 52/70
NGC/IC number: 4697
Common name:
Object type: E4G
Constellation: Vir
Magnitude: 9.3
Size: 6 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 12 48.6 (H M S)
Dec: -05 48 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/23/2025
Time: 09:30 PM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 53 Count:53/70
NGC/IC number: 3115
Common name: Spindle Galaxy
Object type: E6G
Constellation: Sex
Magnitude: 9.1
Size: 8 x 3 arcminutes
RA: 10 05.2 (H:min)
Dec: -07 43 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 2/9/2026
Time: 09:31 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 187
Total exposure: 31.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Notes:
Description:
Caldwell number: C 54 Count: 54/70
NGC/IC number: 2506
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Mon
Magnitude: 7.6
Size: 7 arcminutes
RA: 08 00.2 (H M S)
Dec: -10 47 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/9/2025
Time: 09:36 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 55 Count: 55/70
NGC/IC number: 7009
Common name: Saturn Nebula
Object type: PN
Constellation: Aqr
Magnitude: 8.3
Size: 2.5/1 arcminutes
RA: 21 04.2 (H M S)
Dec: -11 22 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/24/2025
Time: 01:50 AM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 56 Count: 56/70
NGC/IC number: 246
Common name:
Object type: PN
Constellation: Cet
Magnitude: 8
Size: 3.8 arcminutes
RA: 00 47.0 (H:min)
Dec: -11 53 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 10/21/2025
Time: 10:01 PM CDT
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 67
Total exposure: 11.17 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 57 Count: 57/70
NGC/IC number: 6822
Common name: Barnard’s Galaxy
Object type: IG
Constellation: Sgr
Magnitude: 9.3
Size: 10 x 9 arcminutes
RA: 19 44.9 (H M S)
Dec: -14 48 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/24/2025
Time: 01:00 AM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 58 Count: 58/70
NGC/IC number: 2360
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: CMa
Magnitude: 7.2
Size: 13 arcminutes
RA: 07 17.8 (H M S)
Dec: -15 37 (D M)
Image data
Date: 03/09/2025
Time: 09:20 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 31
Total exposure: 5.17 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
lter(s):
Description:
Caldwell number: C 59 Count: 59/70
NGC/IC number: 3242
Common name: Ghost of Jupiter
Object type: PN
Constellation: Hya
Magnitude: 8.6
Size: 0.3/21 arcminutes
RA: 10 24.8 (H M S)
Dec: -18 38 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/9/2025
Time: 10:03 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 33
Total exposure: 5.5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 62 Count: 60/70
NGC/IC number: 247
Common name:
Object type: SG
Constellation: Cet
Magnitude: 8.9
Size: 20 x 7 arcminutes
RA: 00 47.1 (H:min)
Dec: -20 46 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 10/21/2025
Time: 09:47 PM CDT
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 14.83 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
2
Caldwell number: C 63 Count: 61/70
NGC/IC number: 7293
Common name: Helix Nebula
Object type: PN
Constellation: Aqr
Magnitude: 6.5
Size: 13 arcminutes
RA: 22 29.6 (H M S)
Dec: -20 48 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/24/2025
Time: 03:40 AM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 64 Count: 62/70
NGC/IC number: 2362
Common name: Tau CMa Cluster
Object type: OC
Constellation: CMa
Magnitude: 4.1
Size: 8 arcminutes
RA: 07 18.8 (H M S)
Dec: -24 57 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/9/2025
Time: 09:22 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 65 Count: 63/70
NGC/IC number: 253
Common name: Sculptor Galaxy
Object type: SG
Constellation: Scl
Magnitude: 7.1
Size: 25 x 7 arcminutes
RA: 00 47.6 (H:min)
Dec: -25 17 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 10/21/2025
Time: 09:22 PM CDT
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 60
Total exposure: 0 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 67 Count:64/70
NGC/IC number: 1097
Common name:
Object type: SBbG
Constellation: For
Magnitude: 9.2
Size: 9 x 6 arcminutes
RA: 02 46.3 (H:min)
Dec: -30 17 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 1/21/2026
Time: 06:33 PM CST
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 121
Total exposure: 20.167 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Notes:
Description:
Caldwell number: C 68 Count: 65/70
NGC/IC number: 6729
Common name: R CrA Nebula
Object type: BN
Constellation: CrA
Magnitude: 9.7
Size: 1 arcminutes
RA: 19 01.9 (H M S)
Dec: -36 57 (D M)
Image data
Date: 7/24/2025
Time: 12:20 AM CDT
Location: Danville
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 120
Total exposure: 20 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 69 Count: 66/70
NGC/IC number: 6302
Common name: Bug Nebula
Object type: PN
Constellation: Sco
Magnitude: 12.8
Size: 0.8 arcminutes
RA: 17 13.7 (H:min)
Dec: -37 06 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 8/6/2025
Time: 09:56 CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 70 Count: 67/70
NGC/IC number: 300
Common name:
Object type: SdG
Constellation: Scl
Magnitude: 8.1
Size: 20 x 13 arcminutes
RA: 00 54.9 (H:min)
Dec: 37 41 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 11/13/2025
Time: 09:05 PM CST
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 115
Total exposure: 19.17 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 71 Count: 68/70
NGC/IC number: 2477
Common name:
Object type: OC
Constellation: Pup
Magnitude: 5.8
Size: 27 arcminutes
RA: 07 52.3 (H M S)
Dec: -38 33 (D M)
Image data
Date: 3/9/2025
Time: 09:28 PM CDT
Location: Sachs Library
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 30
Total exposure: 5 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
Caldwell number: C 72 Count: 69/70
NGC/IC number: 55
Common name: Brightest in Scl Cluster
Object type: SBG
Constellation: Scl
Magnitude: 8.2
Size: 32 x 6 arcminutes
RA: 00 14.9 (H:min)
Dec: -39 11 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 10/21/2025
Time: 09:02 PM CDT
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 89
Total exposure: 14.83 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Description:
cCaldwell number: C 73 Count:70/70
NGC/IC number: 1851
Common name:
Object type: GC
Constellation: Col
Magnitude: 7.3
Size: 11 arcminutes
RA: 05 14.1 (H:min)
Dec: -40 03 (Deg:min)
Image data
Date: 2/9/2026
Time: 09:31 PM CST
Location: Brommelsiek
Scope: SeeStar S50
# frames: 65
Total exposure: 10.83 minutes
Filter(s): IR Cut & LP
Notes:
Description:
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