This page has lesson plans for Unit 3 sessions.
October 2 - November 3
(approx 17 sessions)
Essential Questions:
How did ethnic cultures develop prior to colonialism?
How did the rise of colonialism impact ethnic cultures in the United States and around the globe?
Texts:
TBD
Topics:
Rise & Fall of Empires
role of religion - rise of Christianity & Islam
role of economics - class division & slavery
Imperialism & Colonialism
Heritage, Roots, Migration & Conflict
Texas region - Spanish-American-Native migration & conflicts in the Southwest U.S. & Mexico
North American region - Native American cultures, migration & conflicts
Central America & South America
Caribbean
India & South Asia
East Asia - China, Japan, Korea
Southeast Asia & Pacific Islands
Africa
Wonders of the African World from PBS.org -- the cultural close-ups section has poetry and other cultural information from different regions
Europe
Mediterranean
Middle Eastern
Transatlantic Slave Trade
American Revolution & establishment of the United States government
American Indian Removal Act of 1830
Trail of Tears overview & trails from the National Park Service
The Trail of Tears - painting and information
Immigration Patterns & Immigration Policy
Transcontinental Railroad and Chinese Workers
'Forgotten by society' – how Chinese migrants built the transcontinental railroad in The Guardian
What Archaeologists Are Learning About the Lives of the Chinese Immigrants Who Built the Transcontinental Railroad in Smithsonian Magazine
Stanford project gives voice to Chinese workers who helped build the Transcontinental Railroad in Stanford News
The Contributions of the Chinese Transcontinental Railroad Workers - from The Asian American Education Project - includes 7 minute video
Annotation & Note-Taking
Summarizing, paraphrasing, quoting, questioning, commenting
Questioning
Reflecting
Analyzing - patterns, perspectives, comparisons/contrasts, defining
Synthesizing - consideration, explanation, integration
What are the relationships between your sources?
What's the relationship between your sources and your own argument?
Unit Skills:
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
Examine the role of class division and religion on the rise and fall of empires.
Examine and discuss the factors that led to European imperialism and colonialism.
List and describe the consequences of imperialism and colonialism.
Examine and discuss the development of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and its impact on African American ethnicity and culture.
Research the history and culture of Native American tribes in North America.
Describe how the American Indian Removal Act of 1830 affected many Native Nations during the nineteenth century.
List and describe historical events, people and factors that influenced the development of Mexican American and Latino American community and culture prior to 1900.
Outline and explain the development of U.S. immigration patterns and policy from 1789-1900.
Research an ethnic group of your choice within one of the following diasporas: Native American, African, Latinx, Asian, Pacific Islander, European. Brainstorm & browse; find credible sources; annotate/take notes on cultural and social practices, foods, music, arts, literature, religion, sports, games, etc. shared among members of that ethnic group; present your findings to the class.
Research a topic of your choice, past, present or future: brainstorm & browse ideas; find credible sources; annotate/take notes.
Paraphrase, summarize, quote, question, and comment on information, ideas, and craft/style in primary and secondary source materials.
Maintain a bibliography of sources for your research project. (Try using a citation generator such as MyBib.com)
Cite sources of information using MLA or APA format.
Formative Assessment(s):
Journal Writing - initial questions for exploring pre-colonial events/issues, immigration/migration and power & conflict, brainstorming, quick write prompts, reflection on your learning, reflection on your creative process & progress, reflection on the essay writing
Notes - annotations/notes from one credible source
Discussion Participation - small group discussion sharing what you learned, your ideas, questions to other group members, and feedback from group members - Peer Evaluation Google Form
Summative Assessment(s):
Research Presentations - cultural and social traditions of an ethnic group of your choice; issue or topic
Online Discussion Board - grammar, capitalization, punctuation, spelling, explain a topic, concept, event, issue, question, etc. related to your research and chapbook, pose a question it makes you think of, respond to someone else's post with your thoughts/comments
Enduring Understandings:
The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs often have political, social, and cultural implications.
A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.
As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.
In key places along important trade routes, merchants set up diasporic communities where they introduced their own cultural traditions into the indigenous cultures and, in turn, indigenous cultures influenced merchant cultures.
Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes.
The expansion of empires facilitated trade and communication as new people were drawn into the economies and trade networks.
Increased cross-cultural interactions resulted in the diffusion of literary, artistic, and cultural traditions, as well as scientific and technological innovations.
There was continued diffusion of crops and pathogens, with epidemic diseases, including the bubonic plague, along trade routes.
Changes in trade networks resulted from and stimulated increasing productive capacity, with important implications for social and gender structures and environmental processes.
Imperial expansion relied on the increased use of gunpowder, cannons, and armed trade to establish large empires in both hemispheres.
Political and religious disputes led to rivalries and conflict between states.
Rulers continued to use religious ideas, art, and monumental architecture to legitimize their rule.
Rulers used tribute collection, tax farming, and innovative tax-collection systems to generate revenue in order to forward state power and expansion.
The interconnection of the Eastern and Western Hemispheres made possible by transoceanic voyaging, transformed trade and had a significant social impact on the world. In some cases, the increase and intensification of interactions between newly connected hemispheres expanded the reach and furthered development of existing religions, and contributed to religious conflicts and the development of syncretic belief systems and practices.
Empires achieved increased scope and influence around the world, shaping and being shaped by the diverse populations they incorporated.
The new connections between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres resulted in the exchange of new plants, animals, and diseases, known as the Columbian Exchange.
European colonization of the Americas led to the unintentional transfer of disease vectors, including mosquitoes and rats, and the spread of diseases that were endemic in the Eastern Hemisphere, including smallpox, measles, and malaria. Some of these diseases substantially reduced the indigenous populations, with catastrophic effects in many areas.
Newly developed colonial economies in the Americas largely depended on agriculture, utilized existing labor systems, including the Incan mit’a, and introduced new labor systems including chattel slavery, indentured servitude, and encomienda and hacienda systems.
Enslavement in Africa continued in its traditional forms, including incorporation of enslaved persons into households and the export of enslaved persons to the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean regions.
The growth of the plantation economy increased the demand for enslaved labor in the Americas, leading to significant demographic, social, and cultural changes.
The Atlantic trading system involved the movement of labor—including enslaved persons and the mixing of African, American, and European cultures and peoples, with all parties contributing to this cultural synthesis.
State expansion and centralization led to resistance from an array of social, political, and economic groups on a local level.
Enslaved persons challenged existing authorities in the Americas through organized resistance.
With the development of imperialism, migration and conflict, ethnic and cultural differences among groups were easily recognizable and sometimes became the basis for class differences and slavery.
Enlightenment philosophies applied new ways of understanding and empiricist approaches to both the natural world and human relationships; they also reexamined the role that religion played in public life and emphasized the importance of reason. Philosophers developed new political ideas about the individual, natural rights, and the social contract.
The rise and diffusion of Enlightenment thought that questioned established traditions in all areas of life often preceded revolutions and rebellions against existing governments.
Nationalism also became a major force shaping the historical development of states and empires.
Enlightenment ideas and religious ideals influenced various reform movements. These reform movements contributed to the expansion of rights, as seen in expanded suffrage, the abolition of slavery, and the end of serfdom.
People around the world developed a new sense of commonality based on language, religion, social customs, and territory. This was sometimes harnessed by governments to foster a sense of unity.
Enslaved blacks and free African Americans created communities and strategies to protect their dignity and family structures, and they joined political efforts aimed at changing their status.
Abolitionist and antislavery movements gradually achieved emancipation in the North, contributing to the growth of the free African American population, even as many state governments restricted African Americans’ rights. Antislavery efforts in the South were largely limited to unsuccessful slave rebellions.
Following the Louisiana Purchase, the United States government sought influence and control over North America and the Western Hemisphere through a variety of means, including exploration, military actions, American Indian removal, and diplomatic efforts such as the Monroe Doctrine.
Frontier settlers tended to champion expansion efforts, while American Indian resistance led to a sequence of wars and federal efforts to control and relocate American Indian populations.
A strongly anti-Catholic nativist movement arose that was aimed at limiting new immigrants’ political power and cultural influence.
U.S. government interaction and conflict with Mexican Americans and American Indians increased in regions newly taken from American Indians and Mexico, altering these groups’ economic self sufficiency and cultures.
African American and white abolitionists, although a minority in the North, mounted a highly visible campaign against slavery, presenting moral arguments against the institution, assisting slaves’ escapes, and sometimes expressing a willingness to use violence to achieve their goals.
Defenders of slavery based their arguments on racial doctrines, the view that slavery was a positive social good, and the belief that slavery and states’ rights were protected by the Constitution.
The courts and national leaders made a variety of attempts to resolve the issue of slavery in the territories, including the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas–Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott decision, but these ultimately failed to reduce conflict.
As migrant populations increased in number and the American bison population was decimated, competition for land and resources in the West among white settlers, American Indians, and Mexican Americans led to an increase in violent conflict.
The U.S. government violated treaties with American Indians and responded to resistance with military force, eventually confining American Indians to reservations and denying tribal sovereignty.
Many American Indians preserved their cultures and tribal identities despite government policies promoting assimilation, and they attempted to develop self-sustaining economic practices.
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson that upheld racial segregation helped to mark the end of most of the political gains African Americans made during Reconstruction. Facing increased violence, discrimination, and scientific theories of race, African American reformers continued to fight for political and social equality.
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine the role of class division and religion on the rise and fall of empires.
Rise & Fall of Empires
role of religion - rise of Christianity & Islam
role of economics - class division & slavery
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
Aztec arrival in Mexico's central valley; establishment of the Aztec Empire
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss the factors that led to European imperialism and colonialism.
List and describe the consequences of imperialism and colonialism.
imperialism (n.): a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.
advocacy of imperial or sovereign interests over the interests of the dependent states.
imperial government; rule by an emperor or empress.
British. the policy of so uniting the separate parts of an empire with separate governments as to secure for certain purposes a single state.
imperialism definition from Cornell Law School
colonialism - European imperialism from 1400-1960 - period of global conquest, upheaval, re-drawing lines & shaping cultures and language
Why Do We Live in Countries? | video (5 minutes)
impact of geography, climate & agriculture - "Eurasia stretches from west to east. There are vast belts of land which share essentially the same climate and, therefore, are suitable for growing the same sort of crops--wheat, barley and rye grow all the way from Ireland to Beijing, and rice grows from Korea and Japan to the Indian Ocean. There are also few natural barriers preventing the spread of domesticated animal species... So advances in farming could spread relatively rapidly, since they involved people learning from neighbours who farmed under similar conditions. Successive hordes of humans were also able to sweep from one end of the continental mass to the other, sometimes bringing destructions, as with the Huns or Mongols, but also bringing knowledge of new techniques." A People's History of the World by Chris Harman pg 138-139
Does growing rice require much more cooperation and technical precision?
Europe - from feudalism to sovereignty - 30 Years War - 1648
What Is Colonialism and How Did It Arise? from the Council on Foreign Relations
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
Research the history and culture of Native American tribes in North America.
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
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Taíno: Native Heritage and Identity in the Caribbean Gallery Guide from Smithsonian NK360
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
Pre-colonial settlements and Spanish colonization of Mesoamerica and North America.
Locate places and regions of cultural and historical significance in Mexican American history;
Explain how issues of land use related to Mexican Independence, Texas Independence, and the Mexican Revolution.
Explain the significance of the following events as turning points relevant to Mexican American history:
Hernán Cortés's first encounter with the Aztecs
Spanish conquest of the Aztecs
creation of the New Laws
Jesuit expulsion from the Americas
Examine the contributions of significant individuals from the Spanish colonial era, including Moctezuma, Hernán Cortés, La Malinche, Bartolomé de las Casas, and Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz.
Mexican independence and Mexico's relationship with the United States from 1800-1930
Explain the significance of the following events as turning points relevant to Mexican American history:
the Grito de Dolores
Mexico's acquisition of independence
Texas's declaration of independence from Mexico
Mexican-American War
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Examine the contributions of significant individuals from this period such as:
Father Miguel Hidalgo
José María Morelos
Augustín de Iturbide
Emiliano Zapata
Francisco (Pancho) Villa
Francisco I. Madero
Porfirio Díaz
Álvaro Obregón.
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Examine and discuss a creative work that involved research.
Brainstorm & browse reference resources
Create questions
Read & discuss: “Porvenir” by J. Estanislao Lopez with historical background on the Porvenir Massacre
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“Porvenir” by J. Estanislao Lopez with historical background on the Porvenir Massacre
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Find at least two credible sources of information for your research project.
Maintain a bibliography of sources for your research project.
Cite sources of information using MLA or APA format.
Searching reference resources
MyBib.com
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Read/watch/listen and take notes, adding quotes, paraphrasing, and summary information from each source.
Gather, analyze and organize information related to your research topic.
Paraphrase, summarize, quote, question, and comment on information, ideas, and craft/style in primary and secondary source materials.
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
List and describe historical events, people and factors that influenced the development of Mexican American community and culture prior to 1900.
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
List and describe historical events, people and factors that influenced the development of Latino American community and culture prior to 1900.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss how migration, trade and conflict between people of different regions and cultures impacted the ethnic makeup of regions around the globe.
Wonders of the African World from PBS.org -- the cultural close-ups section has poetry and other cultural information from different regions
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Examine and discuss the development of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and its impact on African American ethnicity and culture.
_______________________________________________________
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
American Revolution & establishment of the United States government
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Describe how the American Indian Removal Act of 1830 affected many Native Nations during the nineteenth century.
American Indian Removal Act of 1830
Trail of Tears overview & trails from the National Park Service
The Trail of Tears - painting and information
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How Did Six Different Native Nations Try to Avoid Removal? - interactive from NK360 Smithsonian Institute
DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
Write for at least 10 minutes in response to a prompt.
Outline and explain the development of U.S. immigration patterns and policy from 1789-1900.
Immigration Patterns & Immigration Policy
Cohn, D’Vera. “How U.S. Immigration Laws and Rules Have Changed through History.” Pew Research Center, 30 Sept. 2015, www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2015/09/30/how-u-s-immigration-laws-and-rules-have-changed-through-history/.
1790 Naturalization Act
Alien Friends & Alien Enemies Acts of 1789
Immigration Act of 1864
Naturalization Act of 1870
Immigration Act of 1875 (Page Law or Asian Exclusion Act)
and more...
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DATE
Welcome back! My plan for today is to guide you to:
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Tarver, Heidi. “The Creation of American National Identity: 1774-1796.” Berkeley Journal of Sociology, vol. 37, 1992, pp. 55–99, www.jstor.org/stable/41035456.
Best, George. “American Identity Crisis, 1789-1815: Foreign Affairs and the Formation of American National Identity.” Masters Theses, 2010-2019, May 2015, commons.lib.jmu.edu/master201019/17/.
Dawkins, Ryan. “One American Identity, Two Distinct Meanings.” Bruce D. Benson Center for the Study of Western Civilization, 23 Sept. 2019, www.colorado.edu/center/benson/western-civilization/summer-institute/summer-institute-essays/one-american-identity-two-distinct.
National Museum of the American Indian - Smithsonian
Native Knowledge 360° from Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian