April - Finance Minister Heger takes over as head of government in an attempt to resolve a crisis over the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic.
The anti-corruption Ordinary People (OLaNO) party led by Igor Matovic forms a centre-right coalition after winning elections the previous month.
Pro-EU opposition candidate Zuzana Caputova beats the government's Maros Sevcovic in the second round of the March 2019 presidential election, with 58% of the vote. She takes office in June.
Robert Fico resigns in the aftermath of the Kuciak case. His deputy Peter Pellegrini takes over.
Investigative journalist Jan Kuciak and his partner Martina Kusnirova are shot dead. He had reported on an alleged tax fraud linked to the interior minister.
Mr Fico's Smer party emerges as largest party after parliamentary elections dominated by migrant issue, but loses majority. Far-right Our Slovakia party led by Marian Kotleba enters parliament for first time.
Mr Fico takes a firm stand against European Union migrant quotas.
Mr Fico denounces European Union sanctions against Russia over Crimean annexation, reflecting his government's long-standing policy of rapprochement with Russia.
Independent candidate Andrej Kiska beats Robert Fico in presidential election.
Regional elections see far-right, anti-Roma Our Slovakia party leader Marian Kotleba win the governorship of the province of Banska Bystrica.
Leftist opposition party Smer, led by former prime minister Robert Fico, wins landslide victory in general election, taking over half of the seats in parliament.
Parliament ratifies a eurozone bailout plan after the government agrees to hold an early general election in March 2012.
Iveta Radicova of the SDKU-DS party appointed prime minister at the head of a four-party centre-right government following parliamentary elections in June.
Slovakia protests at Hungarian parliament's decision to allow ethnic Hungarians living abroad to apply for Hungarian citizenship. It retaliates by threatening to strip any Slovak who applies for dual nationality of their Slovak citizenship.
Slovak parliament passes new language law allowing fines to be imposed for using a minority language in government buildings. Hungary condemns new law, saying it discriminates against the Hungarian minority.
Ivan Gasparovic becomes first president to win re-election, defeating centre-right challenger Iveta Radicova in the second round of voting.
Slovakia adopts the euro.
Slovakia withdraws its last troops from Iraq.
Left-wing opposition leader Robert Fico becomes prime minister in a coalition government with Vladimir Meciar's Movement for a Democratic Slovakia and another right-wing party.
Floods as Danube bursts banks.
Slovakia joins European Exchange Rate Mechanism, a significant step on the way to membership of the eurozone.
Slovakia is one of 10 new states to join the EU.
Police and troops brought in to end rioting by Romany population protesting against cuts in benefits in parts of eastern Slovakia
Slovaks vote in referendum in favour of EU membership. Turnout is just over the required 50%.
Parliament approves far-reaching changes to the constitution, a key step towards gaining membership of the EU and Nato. It decentralises power to the regions, strengthens the judiciary, and gives greater recognition to minority rights.
Pro-Western candidate Rudolf Schuster wins the first direct presidential elections.
Parliament ends nearly a year of constitutional crisis by passing a new law allowing for president to be directly elected by the people.
Mikulas Dzurinda heads new coalition government, and pledges to strengthen democracy and put Slovakia back on the road to European integration.
Decision to start up first reactor at Mochovce nuclear plant not far from Austrian border angers Vienna.
Constitutional crisis as President Kovac ends term and parliament fails to agree on a successor, allowing Mr Meciar to assume presidential powers.
New law restricting official use of any language other than Slovak gives rise to international condemnation.
Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with Hungary signed, guaranteeing the existing border and ethnic minority rights.
Independence after Czechoslovakia splits. Parliament elects Michal Kovac of the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (MDS) president. Vladimir Meciar, also of the MDS, is prime minister in a coalition government.
Communist rule.
Slovak National Uprising results in German occupation of Slovakia, which ends with the arrival of the Soviet Army and the re-establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1945.
Independent Slovak Republic formed after Nazi Germany and its allies dismember Czechoslovakia. It soon becomes a German satellite state.
Habsburg Empire collapses after defeat in World War One. Slovak and Czech lands unite to form Czechoslovakia, which emerges as the most democratic and prosperous of the Habsburg successor states.