History

February - Russia invades Ukraine. Estonia is prominent among those giving Ukraine military equipment and political support.

anuary - Kaja Kallas became Estonia's first woman prime minister after her Reform Party forms a coalition with the Centre Party.

March—The opposition center-right Reform Party wins the parliamentary election, beating the governing Centre party into second place. However, the Centre Party forms a coalition with the controversial eurosceptic and anti-immigrant EKRE party.

  March - The first of about 800 British troops arrive in Estonia as part of a major Nato mission in the Baltic states to deter what the alliance regards as Russian aggression.

March - Prime Minister Taavi Roivas's Reform Party emerges as the winner in the parliamentary election, following a campaign dominated by fears over defense due to Russia's role in the Ukrainian crisis.

Nato reinforces its presence in the Baltic states, and its forces conduct major regional military drills.

September - Russia returns detained border guard Eston Kohver in return for Aleksei Dressen, who was imprisoned in Estonia in 2012 on charges of spying for Moscow.

 February - Estonia and Russia sign a new treaty ending their border dispute.

September - Amid tension with the European Union and NATO over Russian intervention in Ukraine, Estonia accuses Moscow of abducting border guard Eston Kohver. Russia says he was on the Russian side of the border and accuses him of spying.

October - Estonia and Russia re-start talks on a border treaty, seven years after Russia withdrew from an agreement signed in 2005, in response to a dispute over treatment of the Soviet past.

 January - Estonia adopts the euro.

February - Parliamentary elections. The Reform Party and its coalition partner IRL retain their majority in parliament with 56 out of 101 seats.

August - Toomas Hendrik Ilves is re-elected president for a second five-year term.

January - Estonian court acquits four ethnic Russians accused of leading riots sparked by the government's response to relocate a Soviet-era war memorial in Tallinn.

June—Parliament approves a move to double the size of the Estonian contingent serving in Afghanistan as part of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) from 150 to around 290 soldiers.

 February - Parliament passes a law prohibiting the display of monuments glorifying Soviet rule, paving the way for relocating a controversial Red Army war memorial in Tallinn.

March - Estonia becomes the first country to allow internet voting for national parliamentary elections. The prime minister's Reform Party wins by a narrow margin.

April - Authorities relocate a controversial Red Army war memorial in Tallinn. One person was killed, and more than 40 were injured as protesters, mostly ethnic Russians tried to halt the removal. Russia warns of severe consequences.

May - Parliament ratifies EU constitution.

September - Toomas Hendrik Ilves, a former foreign minister, is elected president.

February - Foreign Minister Kristiina Ojuland was sacked after classified documents were found to be missing from the ministry.

 March—President Ruutel declined an invitation to attend Moscow celebrations in May, marking the anniversary of the end of World War II.

Prime Minister Parts submits government's resignation after a voting of no confidence in Justice Minister Ken-Marti Vaher over the tough anticorruption program.

 April - Reform Party's Andrus Ansip confirmed as prime minister.

 May - Estonia and Russia sign treaty delineating border.

June - Parliament ratified the border treaty with Russia but defied warnings from Moscow by introducing an amendment referring to Soviet occupation. Russia reacts by withdrawing from the treaty.

 March - Estonia admitted to Nato.

May - Estonia is one of 10 new states to join the EU.

November - Defence Minister Margus Hanson resigns after classified documents are stolen from his home.

 April - President Ruutel invites Res Publica leader Juhan Parts to be premier in coalition government with Reform Party and People's Union following elections the previous month.

September - Estonians overwhelmingly voted to join the European Union in a referendum.

January - Mart Laar resigns as prime minister after squabbling within the ruling coalition.

Siim Kallas becomes prime minister in a new coalition government where his Reform Party shares power with the Centre Party.

November - Nato summit in Prague includes Estonia on list of countries formally invited to join the alliance.

December - EU summit in Copenhagen formally invites Estonia to join.

 October - Former member of the Central Committee of the Soviet-era Communist Party, Arnold Ruutel, was sworn in as president.

December - President Ruutel signed into law a bill scrapping the requirement for public office candidates to be proficient in the Estonian language.

Estonia and Russia expel diplomats in tit-for-tat moves over spying claims.

The New center-right government under Prime Minister Mart Laar, who led a previous government in 1992.

Estonia was invited to begin European Union membership negotiations.

President Meri was re-elected.

Russian troops leave. Estonia joins Partnership for Peace, allowing limited military cooperation with Nato.

Lennart Meri becomes president.

Communist rule collapses. The Soviet government recognizes the independence of the Baltic republics.

Popular Front campaigns for democracy. "Singing revolution" brings a third of the population together for national unity and self-determination.

Estonia reannexed by the Soviet Union. Tens of thousands of Estonians were deported to Siberia and Central Asia.

German troops invade.

June - Soviet troops march in.

August - Estonia is incorporated into the Soviet Union.

The Soviet Union compels Estonia to accept Soviet military bases.

Pats becomes president under the new constitution.

Prime Minister Konstantin Pats leads a bloodless coup and establishes authoritarian rule.

The peace treaty with Russia was signed.

Independence proclaimed.