1. What are the 4 hormones affecting the menstrual cycle?
(1) follicle stimulating hormones (FSH)
(2) luteinizing hormone (LH)
(3) oestrogen
(4) progesterone
2. Which 2 hormones are secreted by the pituitary gland?
(1) follicle stimulating hormones (FSH)
(2) luteinizing hormone (LH)
3. Which 2 hormones are secreted by the ovary?
(1) oestrogen
(2) progesterone
4. What are the hormone interaction in the menstrual cycle?
(1) pituitary gland release FSH which travels to the ovary to stimulate
the follicle to develop.
(2) The follicle develop, which release oestrogen which travels to the
pituitary gland and uterine lining to inhibit the release of FSH and
stimulate the uterine lining to thicken up.
(3) When oestrogen continue to be secreted, high level of oestrogen cause
the pituitary gland to have a sudden release FSH and LH, which trigger
ovulation, and the development of the yellow body.
Then, the oestrogen level decreases.
(4) The yellow body starts to release progesterone and oestrogen.
The two hormones work together to inhibit the pituitary gland
from releasing FSH and LH, and also to maintain the thickness of the
uterine lining.
(5) If there is no fertilization, the yellow body will degenerates,
the release of progesterone and oestrogen will decreases,
the uterine lining will breaks down and menstruation starts.
5. What is the function of follicle stimulating hormones (FSH)?
Stimulate the follicle to develop
6. What is the function of the oestrogen?
- At low level
(1) inhibit the secretion of FSH
(2) cause uterine lining to thickens
- At high level
(1) cause a sudden release of FSH and LH
- When working together with progesterone
(1) inhibit the release of FSH and LH
(2) maintain the thickness of the uterine lining
7. What is the hormone that cause ovulation?
luteinizing hormone (LH)
8. What is the yellow body?
Yellow body is the remains of the follicles after a follicle release the ovum.
9. After fertilization, how would the menstrual cycle be changed?
(1) After an ovum is fertilized, a zygote will form.
(2) The zygote will carry out mitotic division repeatedly and form an embryo
(3) The embryo will move to the uterus and implant itself into the
uterine lining.
(4) membranes around the embryo will secrete human chorionic
Gonadotropin (HCG).
(5) HCG prevents the degeneration of the yellow body. The yellow will
continue to secrete oestrogen and progesterone for the first four months
which cause the uterine lining to maintain its thickness.
(6) After the placenta is developed, the yellow body will degenerate.
(7) The placenta will takes the role of the yellow body to secrete oestrogen
and progesterone
(8) High level of oestrogen and progesterone can inhibit the secretion of
FSH and LH, preventing the maturation of follicles during pregnancy.
10. What are the hormones secreted by the placenta?
(1) oestrogen
(2) progesterone
11. What are the hormones found in most contraceptive pills?
(1) synthetic oestrogen
(2) synthetic progesterone
Function: inhibit the secretion of FHS and LH
12. Which day should the contraceptives pills be taken? How many days should
they be taken continuously?
At the day when menstruation starts.
21 days
13. Why should taking contraceptive pills be stopped for 7 days after 21 days of continuous taking?
To allow the oestrogen and progesterone level to lower which
which in turns allow/trigger menstruation to occur.
14. What are the side effects of taking contraceptive pills?
Irregular menstruation
Nausea
Weight gain
Headaches
15. What hormones do fertility drugs contain?
(1) FSH
(2) LH
16. During in vitro fertilization (IVF), what will be injected into the body of woman? What is their function?
(1) FSH
(2) LH
Function: stimulate the maturation of a number of follicle and
and the release of more than one ovum.