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SYLLABUS CONTENT
What factors influence movement and performance?
Compare the difference between aerobic and anaerobic training for individuals and group sports, including differentiated training programs and contemporary methods of training
Aerobic and Anaerobic Training
Aerobic training entails producing energy with, and in the presence of, oxygen. Typically this is low to moderate intensity exercise where the oxygen demands and needs of the working muscles can be supplied and met via the cardiorespiratory system.
Anaerobic training entails producing energy without, and in the absence of, oxygen. Typically this is higher to maximal intensity exercise where the oxygen demand and needs of the working muscles cannot be supplied and met via the cardiorespiratory system.
All training and conditioning programs engage both aerobic and anaerobic pathways, with each contributing differently based on the intensity and duration of the activity. However, to ensure the most effective training, athletes must first identify their specific performance needs. For example, those aiming to improve endurance should focus on aerobic training, while athletes targeting speed or power will need to emphasize anaerobic conditioning. By clearly defining their fitness goals, athletes can tailor their training intensity and structure to align with the energy systems required for optimal performance, ensuring that their program directly supports their objectives.
Aerobic Goals:
Weight loss and improved cardiovascular health
Base aerobic conditioning
Increased performance levels for endurance activities (e.g., 5 km parkrun)
Increased max VO2
Anaerobic Goals:
Increased speed
Increased power
Improved muscular strength
Enhanced anaerobic capacity
Increased lactate tolerance
Max VO2 (sometimes known as VO2 max) refers the maximum amount of oxygen a person’s body can absorb during exercise. Measured in millilitres of oxygen absorbed into the muscles per kilogram per minute.
Training Zones and Thresholds
To optimise performance and reach specific fitness goals, athletes must train at the right intensity (generally aligned with % of MHR). Different training zones target distinct energy systems (aerobic and anaerobic) and help improve various aspects of fitness, such as endurance, speed, and power.
Training thresholds refer to the levels of intensity required to stress the body enough to cause an adaptation or improvement in performance. These include the aerobic threshold, where the body shifts from fat to carb-based fuel, and the lactate threshold, the point at which blood lactate starts to more rapidly increase , indicating the transition to anaerobic energy production.
Activity:
Glue in the training thresholds and aerobic zone graphs below. As a class we will break them down, then, research and answer the following:
Define the aerobic and anaerobic training zones, and give an example of a sport that benefits from each.
Define the aerobic and anaerobic threshold.
Explain how training at or above threshold, stimulates physiological adaptations.
Differentiated Training Programs
Research in sports science continues to reveal the specific physical demands required for athletes based on their position in different sports. For instance, a front rower in rugby needs to focus on strength, power, and anaerobic conditioning for short bursts of high-intensity effort, while a winger requires speed, agility, and cardiovascular endurance for sustained running at high speeds. This position-specific data allows for individualised strength and conditioning programs that cater to the unique needs of each athlete.
Wearable technology, such as GPS vests, provide real-time data to help analyse performance within an athlete's aerobic and anaerobic zones, optimising training and development. Additionally, it tracks overall workload to prevent overtraining. Differentiated programs are also necessary for athletes with injuries or functional limitations, such as using a hand cycle for aerobic training in athletes with lower limb injuries.
Preparing The Panthers
Preparing The Panthers
As a class we will watch the following video. Then discuss:
How did the Panthers incorporate technology and differentiation to prepare their athletes?
Contemporary training methods
Read through pages 265-266 of the Cambridge textbook. Choose one contemporary training method and outline the key features of it. Provide examples of athletes it is suited to.
WRITING TASK - RESPONSE WRITING
WRITING TASK - RESPONSE WRITING
CUBE the following question. Then use your verb sheet and ALARM matrix to formulate a response.
Describe the effects of regular anaerobic training on an athlete’s performance. Provide an example to support your answer.
4 marks.
WRITING TASK - GLUE
WRITING TASK - GLUE
Assess your response by applying the GLUE method. Highlight the following:
Green - Specific verb requirements/language
Pink - Links to the question
Orange - Syllabus-specific content
Yellow - Examples
Award yourself a mark out of 4.
Annotate what you did well and areas for improvement.
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