Sacramento 是来自西班牙语“圣事”之意。是一个位于美国加利福尼亚州中部、萨克拉门托河流域上的城市，加州州政府位于此。中文译名“沙加缅度”源自19世纪粤籍华侨的音译，至今仍是当地华人及华语媒体唯一使用、以及台湾采用的中文名称，但现时中国大陆和香港译作“萨克拉门托”。
Colonia del Sacramento (科洛尼亚·德尔·萨克拉门托)
It is renowned for its historic quarter, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Founded in 1680 by Portugal as Colónia do Sacramento, the colony was later disputed by the Spanish who settled on the opposite bank of the river at Buenos Aires. The colony was conquered by José de Garro in 1680, but returned to Portugal the next year. It was conquered again by the Spanish in March 1705 after a siege of five months, but given back in the Treaty of Utrecht. Another attack during the Spanish-Portuguese War, 1735-1737, failed.
It kept changing hands from crown to crown due to treaties such as the Treaty of Madrid in 1750 and the Treaty of San Ildefonso in 1777, until it remained with the Spanish. It then transferred to Portuguese control again, being later incorporated into Brazil after 1816, when the entire Banda Oriental (Uruguay) was seized by the government of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves and renamed the Cisplatina province.
On 10 January 1809, before the independence of Uruguay, it was designated as a "Villa" (town) and has since been elevated to the status of "Ciudad" (city).
Since independence, Colonia del Sacramento has expanded to the north and east, but the original Barrio Histórico (historic quarter) retains its irregular, terrain-fitting street plan built by the Portuguese, contrasting with the wider, orthogonal calles in the newer Spanish area.
命途多舛