In Mechanical Engineering, precision measuring is a very important skill to have. A ruler can allow you to measure objects roughly, but it is not the most accurate way to do so. Sometimes components of machinery need to be very precise and accurate to a couple thousandths of an inch. A ruler is not capable of giving that level of accuracy so therefore engineers and machinists rely on dial calipers. Dial calipers are a highly accurate way to measure components in a variety of ways and are used regularly to attain precision measurements to a thousandth of an inch.
Practice reading calipers and verify your understanding using the simulator on this page:
https://www.stefanelli.eng.br/en/simulator-virtual-dial-caliper-thousandth-inch/#swiffycontainer_1
More info on the use for dial calipers can be found here:
https://www.wisc-online.com/learn/career-clusters/manufacturing/msr3903/the-dial-caliper