Files are hand tools with a hardened, textured surface used to remove material and shape objects by abrasion.

Key Features:

• Made of hardened steel with rows of teeth (cutting edges).

• Come in various shapes, sizes, and grades (fine to coarse).

• Handle attached for grip.

Common Types:

1. Flat File: For general smoothing and shaping of flat surfaces.

2. Round File: For enlarging or smoothing holes and rounded surfaces.

3. Half-Round File: Combines flat and curved surfaces for versatility.

4. Triangular File: For sharpening saws or filing internal angles.

5. Rasp File: Coarse teeth designed for soft materials like wood.

6. Needle File: Small, precision files for delicate work (e.g., jewelry).

Uses:

• Smoothing rough edges or surfaces on metal, wood, or plastic.

• Shaping materials during fabrication.

• Enlarging or refining holes or slots.

• Sharpening tools or saw blades.

Deburring tools are specialized tools designed to remove burrs—small, rough edges or projections left on materials after cutting, machining, or drilling.

Key Features:

• Compact, with a handle and replaceable cutting blade.

• Blades made of high-speed steel or carbide for durability.

• Blade often swivels to follow contours.

Common Types:

1. Hand Deburring Tools: Feature a swiveling blade for smooth removal of burrs.

2. Rotary Deburring Tools: Attach to a drill or rotary tool for faster removal.

3. Chamfering Tools: Designed to create beveled edges, particularly in holes.

4. Edge Scrapers: For flat surfaces and straight edges.

Uses:

• Smoothing sharp edges on drilled or cut holes.

• Removing burrs from metal, plastic, or wood.

• Refining edges on pipes, sheet metal, or machined components.

• Prepping materials for welding or painting.