Complaining to the Council before 1914 by Carol Powell M.A.

You can’t please all of the people all of the time!

Editor: History is all about change, its effects on our everyday lives and our reaction to it. There are those who actively embrace ‘progress’ and those who resist it, preferring the status quo. These short stories dating from before the Great War (1914), illustrate the feelings of some of the Mumbles folk who preferred life as it was.

Nowadays we tend to complain if there are potholes in the road and the council workers have not been along to repair the surface, but back in 1907 there were protests because the Council had tarred the roads. The new ‘horseless’ carriages had started to appear in the village and the Council had felt it necessary to improve the roads accordingly.

Pressdee’s carriage and new car, 1908

Pressdee and Co. moving forward into the twentieth century

However, the Mumbles Press reported that ‘horses had slipped on the tarred road and people had been pitched out of vehicles’. One person threatened to report the matter to the SPCA (Society for the Protection of Sick animals). Mr. Graham Vivian complained that ‘the horse in his milk cart had fallen down’ and furthermore ‘the smell of the tar reached up to his house in Clyne!’ There were several claims for damages, although the Council was of the opinion that Tarspra, the company contracted to do the work, should be liable.

By 1911, there were still a considerable number of grievances on the matter.

The Works and General Purposes Committee of the Oystermouth District Council received a petition from Messrs. J.C. Eley, Reginald Peachey, J. Peachey. J.H.Griffin and Reuben Jones with regard to the alleged inconvenience caused them by the tar-spraying of the hills in the district and later appeared before the Committee to state their case.

Mr. Eley (whose shop is photographed) said that, ‘in consequence of the smoothness of the roads and the tar-spraying operations of the Council, horses were no longer able to pull any ordinarily heavy load up the hills. The poor horses could get no ‘grip’ upon the slippery surface with the result that they floundered, slipped or even went down on their knees.

The object of the deputation was to ask the Council to try to prevent this inconvenience and loss — for it really meant a serious loss — to hauliers and horse owners. The group admitted that great benefits had followed the tarring of the flat roads but the Council had made a mistake in tarring the hills.’ The method of shoeing of the horses had had to be altered — frosted nails had been utilised but the heads of these wore down in a day but Mr. Griffin argued that it was impossible to shoe horses every day and that the preservation of the roads was not due to tar, but because traffic was diverted and people kept off tarred roads.

John Eley, Butcher, The Dunns

Mr. Eley suggested that the Council provide a quantity of gravel at the roadsides for the use of the horse-owners and that when more tarring was done, then coarser gravel should be used. Councillor Mr. Viner Leeder pointed out that the object of the tarring was not just to make things pleasanter for motorists, but also to prevent dust nuisance and to preserve the road surfaces.

John Jones’s delivery cart

Jack Jenkins and George Webborn, both aged 12, with a water cart

The second story concerns proposed street improvement schemes. Mr. Aeron Thomas, at a meeting of the Oystermouth District Council, referred to the need for more light at the upper end of West Cross Lane. It had been decided to inform the owners of the new houses erected on land adjacent to the lane that provided they deposited the cost of the standards with the Council the Authority would do the rest. But the owners would not agree to do this, saying they ‘preferred to remain in darkness.’ Mr. Thomas believed that there were several big ratepayers in that area who were surely entitled to consideration and Mr. Davies said that the residents would, of course, be credited for the money when the street came to be made up under the Private Street Works Act, consequently, he could not see why the parties refused to deposit the money for the lamps.

The third story concerns drinking on a Sunday. Around this time, there was much talk of a need for a change in the licensing laws, as the situation at that time allowed only a ‘bona fide’ traveller who had journeyed three miles, to get a drink on a Sunday. This measure had started in 1880 with the introduction of the Sunday Closing Act — undoubtedly an unpopular change at that time, as locals could not then get a drink in their local pubs on the Sabbath.

The Marine Public House

The consequences of this state of affairs were discussed in the newspapers of the day. The Rev. Hughes of Cardiff remarked in a letter to the Mumbles Press in 1911 that ‘Mumbles is hell on Sundays. Every week-day is more of a Sabbath than the Sabbath itself.’ Mr. C.W. Slater of the Methodist Church, Mumbles when asked for his opinion, commented, ‘It would be more accurate to describe it as a place frequented largely by people who wish to get fresh air, although there are a considerable number who go for the sake of the drink they can get.’ The Rev. Harold Williams, Vicar of All Saints Church blamed the drunkenness on ‘the six days’ license that rules in Wales and the situation of the Mumbles itself.’ He felt the only remedy lay ‘in an extension of the distance limit for “bone fide” travellers or a universal adaptation of the six days license. If the limit could be extended it would be a very good thing as men will come a few miles from Swansea, but would not go ten to twelve miles for a drink’.

Harry Libby, writing some many years later in 1963, remembered that, ‘The Currant Tree was the first pub out of Swansea where folk could get a drink on a Sunday as it was just outside the three-mile limit from the town, at least, by road. However, one great temperance advocate in Swansea had discovered that by travelling on the Mumbles Railway, the distance was just below three miles. So it was established legally that if you wanted a drink at Mumbles on a Sunday, you had to walk to the Currant Tree and not travel by train’.

There was plenty of choice of pubs in those days. Between his house at Southend and West Cross alone, Mr. Libby recalled that there were sixteen—The Pilot, The George, The Beaufort, The Mermaid, the Ship and Castle, the Greyhound, the Prince of Wales, the Antelope, the Waterloo, the Marine, the Nag’s Head, the White Rose, the Rhondda, the Talbot, the Railway and the Currant Tree. The Rhondda, Talbot and Railway were like a trinity, two alongside each other and one opposite near Oystermouth Station. However, he commented wryly that, ‘the law did not seem to prevent a return at night by train. The sight along the railway track at West Cross on Sunday evenings had to be seen to be believed, with drunks literally sprawled all over the place on the little embankment, stretched out “quite blotto” waiting for the train’.

The Mermaid Hotel, Southend

At the outbreak of the Great War, pub-opening hours were reduced and with it, came an end to the Sunday ‘bona fide’ travellers’ custom and a tightening of the licensing laws. Clearly not a popular move with many, although a welcome relief for those who liked a quiet Sunday in Mumbles!

We might think circumstances have moved on since then, but many of us today do not take kindly to enforced changes in our lives, especially those carried out supposedly in the name of ‘progress’.

But as the President of the United States of America, Abraham Lincoln once said,

‘You can please some of the people some of the time, but you can’t please all of the people all of the time.’

Acknowledgments

Mumbles Press, 12 September 1907; 16 March 1911; 13 July 1911;

20 November 1913

Harry Libby, The Mixture—Mumbles and Harry Libby, 1963

Brian Davies, Images of Wales: the pubs of Mumbles, 2006

Photographs

Mumbles News, February 1973: Driver, T. Brace with Mr. Laugharne Morgan’s horse and cart, late 19C.

Mumbles News, February 1973: Jack Jenkins and George Webborn with a water cart, c 1910

OHA archive: The Rhondda Hotel, Mumbles Road, c 1920

John Pressdee: The carriage and new car at William Pressdee’s taxi service, 1908

Various adverts from a 1908 Mumbles booklet