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CfE Higher Human Biology
Unit 1 - Human Cells
Key Area 1: Division and Differentiation
KA1a: Division of somatic and germline cells
KA1b: Cellular differentiation
KA1c: Stem cells
KA1d: Cancer Cells
Key Area 2: Structure and replication of DNA
KA2a: Structure of DNA
KA2b: Replication of DNA
KA2c: PCR
Key Area 3: Gene Expression
KA3a: RNA molecules
KA3b: RNA polymerase
KA3c: tRNA and translation
KA3d: One Gene, Many Proteins
KA3e: Forming polypeptides
Key Area 4: Mutations
KA4a: Mutations
KA4b: Single gene mutations
KA4c: Chromosome mutations
Key Area 5: Human Genomics
KA5a: Genome and genome sequencing
KA5b: Pharmacogenetics
Key Area 6: Metabolic Pathways
KA6a: Metabolic pathways
KA6b: Control of metabolic pathways
Key Area 7: Cellular Respiration
KA7a: Metabolic pathways of respiration
KA7b: ATP synthesis
KA7c: Role of ATP in energy transfer
Key Area 8: Energy systems in muscle cells
KA8a: Lactate metabolism
KA8b: Skeletal muscle fibres
Unit 1 Revision
Unit 2 - Physiology and Health
Key Area 1: Gamete production & fertilisation
KA1a: Gamete production in the testes
KA1b: Gamete production in the ovaries
KA1c: Fertilisation
Key Area 2: Hormonal control of reproduction
KA2a: Hormonal influence on puberty
KA2b: Hormonal control of sperm production
KA2c: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle
Key Area 3: The biology of controlling fertility
KA3a: Cyclical or continuous fertility
KA3b: Treatments for infertility
KA3c: Physical and chemical methods of contraception
Key Area 4: Antenatal and postnatal screening
KA4a: Antenatal Screening
KA4b: Analysis of patterns of inheritance
KA4c: Postnatal screening
Key Area 5: Structure and function of blood vessels
KA5a: Blood circulation
KA5b: Blood vessels
KA5c: Exchange of materials
Key Area 6: The structure and function of the heart
KA6a: Cardiac output
KA6b: The cardiac cycle
KA6c: The cardiac conducting system
KA6d: Blood pressure
Key Area 7: CVD
KA7a: Atherosclerosis
KA7b: Thrombosis
KA7c: Peripheral vascular disorders
KA7d: Cholesterol
Key Area 8: Blood glucose levels and obesity
KA8a: Blood glucose levels
KA8b: Insulin, glucagon and adrenaline
KA8c: Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
KA8d: Obesity
Unit 2 Revision
Unit 3 - Neurobiology and Immunology
Key Area 1: Divisions of the nervous system
KA1a: Nervous system divisions
KA1b: Neural pathways
Key Area 2: The cerebral cortex
KA2a: Cerebral cortex
KA2b: Hemispheres
Key Area 3: Memory
KA3a: Encoding, storage and retrieval
KA3b: Sensory memory
KA3c: STM
KA3d: LTM
Key Area 4: Cells of the Nervous System
KA4a: Neurons
KA4b: Neurotransmitters
KA4c: Mood and behaviour
KA4d: Disorders
KA4e: Recreational drugs
Key Area 5: Non-specific body defences
KA5a: Physical and chemical defences
KA5b: Inflammatory response
KA5c: Phagocytes
Key Area 6: Specific cellular defences
KA6a: Lymphocytes
KA6b: Immunological memory
Key area 7: Immunisation
KA7a: Vaccination
KA7b: Herd immunity
KA7c: Antigenic variation
Key Area 8: Clinical trials
Revision Material
Problem Solving
Extended Responses
Experimental Design Questions
Overall Course Revision
CfE Advanced Higher Biology
Topic 1
Topic 1 - KA1 Laboratory Techniques for Biologists
Topic 1 - KA1a - Health & Safety
Topic 1 - KA1b - Liquids & Solutions
Topic 1 - KA1c - Separation techniques
Topic 1 - KA1d - Detecting proteins using antibodies
Topic 1 - KA1e - Microscopy
Topic 1 - KA1f - Aseptic technique & cell culture
Topic 1 - KA2 - Proteins
Topic 1 - KA2a - Proteome
Topic 1 - KA2b - Synthesis and transport of proteins
Topic 1 - KA2c - Protein structure
Topic 1 - KA3 - Membrane Proteins
Topic 1 - KA3a - Movement of molecules across cell membranes
Topic 1 - KA3b - Ion transport pumps and generation of ion gradients
Topic 1 - KA4 - Communication and signalling
Topic 1 - KA4a - Coordination
Topic 1 - KA4b - Hydrophobic signals and control of transcription
Topic 1 - KA4c - Hydrophilic signals and transduction
Topic 1 - KA4d - Nerve impulse transmission
Topic 1 - KA5 - Protein control of cell division
Topic 1 - KA5a - The cytoskeleton and cell division
Topic 1 - KA5b - The cell cycle
Topic 1 - KA5c - Control of the cell cycle
Topic 1 - KA5d - Control of programmed cell death (apoptosis)
ANSWERS: Topic 1 Tasks
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 1
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 2
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 3
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 4
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 5
Topic 1 Revision
Topic 2
Topic 2 - KA1 - Field Techniques
KA1a - Health and Safety
KA1b - Sampling of wild organisms
KA1c - Identification and Taxonomy
KA1d - Monitoring populations
KA1e - Measuring and recording behaviour
Topic 2 - KA2 - Evolution
KA2a - Drift and Selection
KA2b - Fitness
KA2c - Co-evolution
Topic 2 - KA3 - Variation
KA3a: Costs & Benefits
KA3b: Meiosis
KA3c: Sex determination
Topic 2 - KA4 - Sex & Behaviour
KA4a: Parental investment
KA4b: Reproductive behaviours
Topic 2 - KA5 - Parasitism
KA5a: Niche
KA5b: Parasitic life cycles
KA5c: Transmission & virulence
KA5d: Defence against parasitic attack
KA5e: Immune evasion
KA5f: Challenges in treatment & control
Answers to Topic 2 Tasks
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 1
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 2
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 3
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 4
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 5
Topic 3
Topic 3 - KA1 Scientific Principles
Topic 3 - KA2 Experimentation
Topic 3 - KA2 Experimentation - All about sampling
Topic 3 - KA3 Reporting and Critical Evaluation
Answers to Topic 3 Tasks
Projects
Revision Material
Topic 1 Revision
Topic 2 Revision
Topic 3 Revision
Extended Responses
Problem Solving and Application of Knowledge
Retrieval Practice Techniques
Future You - Biology in Scotland
The Biology Coach
Home
CfE Higher Human Biology
Unit 1 - Human Cells
Key Area 1: Division and Differentiation
KA1a: Division of somatic and germline cells
KA1b: Cellular differentiation
KA1c: Stem cells
KA1d: Cancer Cells
Key Area 2: Structure and replication of DNA
KA2a: Structure of DNA
KA2b: Replication of DNA
KA2c: PCR
Key Area 3: Gene Expression
KA3a: RNA molecules
KA3b: RNA polymerase
KA3c: tRNA and translation
KA3d: One Gene, Many Proteins
KA3e: Forming polypeptides
Key Area 4: Mutations
KA4a: Mutations
KA4b: Single gene mutations
KA4c: Chromosome mutations
Key Area 5: Human Genomics
KA5a: Genome and genome sequencing
KA5b: Pharmacogenetics
Key Area 6: Metabolic Pathways
KA6a: Metabolic pathways
KA6b: Control of metabolic pathways
Key Area 7: Cellular Respiration
KA7a: Metabolic pathways of respiration
KA7b: ATP synthesis
KA7c: Role of ATP in energy transfer
Key Area 8: Energy systems in muscle cells
KA8a: Lactate metabolism
KA8b: Skeletal muscle fibres
Unit 1 Revision
Unit 2 - Physiology and Health
Key Area 1: Gamete production & fertilisation
KA1a: Gamete production in the testes
KA1b: Gamete production in the ovaries
KA1c: Fertilisation
Key Area 2: Hormonal control of reproduction
KA2a: Hormonal influence on puberty
KA2b: Hormonal control of sperm production
KA2c: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle
Key Area 3: The biology of controlling fertility
KA3a: Cyclical or continuous fertility
KA3b: Treatments for infertility
KA3c: Physical and chemical methods of contraception
Key Area 4: Antenatal and postnatal screening
KA4a: Antenatal Screening
KA4b: Analysis of patterns of inheritance
KA4c: Postnatal screening
Key Area 5: Structure and function of blood vessels
KA5a: Blood circulation
KA5b: Blood vessels
KA5c: Exchange of materials
Key Area 6: The structure and function of the heart
KA6a: Cardiac output
KA6b: The cardiac cycle
KA6c: The cardiac conducting system
KA6d: Blood pressure
Key Area 7: CVD
KA7a: Atherosclerosis
KA7b: Thrombosis
KA7c: Peripheral vascular disorders
KA7d: Cholesterol
Key Area 8: Blood glucose levels and obesity
KA8a: Blood glucose levels
KA8b: Insulin, glucagon and adrenaline
KA8c: Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
KA8d: Obesity
Unit 2 Revision
Unit 3 - Neurobiology and Immunology
Key Area 1: Divisions of the nervous system
KA1a: Nervous system divisions
KA1b: Neural pathways
Key Area 2: The cerebral cortex
KA2a: Cerebral cortex
KA2b: Hemispheres
Key Area 3: Memory
KA3a: Encoding, storage and retrieval
KA3b: Sensory memory
KA3c: STM
KA3d: LTM
Key Area 4: Cells of the Nervous System
KA4a: Neurons
KA4b: Neurotransmitters
KA4c: Mood and behaviour
KA4d: Disorders
KA4e: Recreational drugs
Key Area 5: Non-specific body defences
KA5a: Physical and chemical defences
KA5b: Inflammatory response
KA5c: Phagocytes
Key Area 6: Specific cellular defences
KA6a: Lymphocytes
KA6b: Immunological memory
Key area 7: Immunisation
KA7a: Vaccination
KA7b: Herd immunity
KA7c: Antigenic variation
Key Area 8: Clinical trials
Revision Material
Problem Solving
Extended Responses
Experimental Design Questions
Overall Course Revision
CfE Advanced Higher Biology
Topic 1
Topic 1 - KA1 Laboratory Techniques for Biologists
Topic 1 - KA1a - Health & Safety
Topic 1 - KA1b - Liquids & Solutions
Topic 1 - KA1c - Separation techniques
Topic 1 - KA1d - Detecting proteins using antibodies
Topic 1 - KA1e - Microscopy
Topic 1 - KA1f - Aseptic technique & cell culture
Topic 1 - KA2 - Proteins
Topic 1 - KA2a - Proteome
Topic 1 - KA2b - Synthesis and transport of proteins
Topic 1 - KA2c - Protein structure
Topic 1 - KA3 - Membrane Proteins
Topic 1 - KA3a - Movement of molecules across cell membranes
Topic 1 - KA3b - Ion transport pumps and generation of ion gradients
Topic 1 - KA4 - Communication and signalling
Topic 1 - KA4a - Coordination
Topic 1 - KA4b - Hydrophobic signals and control of transcription
Topic 1 - KA4c - Hydrophilic signals and transduction
Topic 1 - KA4d - Nerve impulse transmission
Topic 1 - KA5 - Protein control of cell division
Topic 1 - KA5a - The cytoskeleton and cell division
Topic 1 - KA5b - The cell cycle
Topic 1 - KA5c - Control of the cell cycle
Topic 1 - KA5d - Control of programmed cell death (apoptosis)
ANSWERS: Topic 1 Tasks
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 1
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 2
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 3
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 4
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 5
Topic 1 Revision
Topic 2
Topic 2 - KA1 - Field Techniques
KA1a - Health and Safety
KA1b - Sampling of wild organisms
KA1c - Identification and Taxonomy
KA1d - Monitoring populations
KA1e - Measuring and recording behaviour
Topic 2 - KA2 - Evolution
KA2a - Drift and Selection
KA2b - Fitness
KA2c - Co-evolution
Topic 2 - KA3 - Variation
KA3a: Costs & Benefits
KA3b: Meiosis
KA3c: Sex determination
Topic 2 - KA4 - Sex & Behaviour
KA4a: Parental investment
KA4b: Reproductive behaviours
Topic 2 - KA5 - Parasitism
KA5a: Niche
KA5b: Parasitic life cycles
KA5c: Transmission & virulence
KA5d: Defence against parasitic attack
KA5e: Immune evasion
KA5f: Challenges in treatment & control
Answers to Topic 2 Tasks
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 1
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 2
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 3
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 4
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 5
Topic 3
Topic 3 - KA1 Scientific Principles
Topic 3 - KA2 Experimentation
Topic 3 - KA2 Experimentation - All about sampling
Topic 3 - KA3 Reporting and Critical Evaluation
Answers to Topic 3 Tasks
Projects
Revision Material
Topic 1 Revision
Topic 2 Revision
Topic 3 Revision
Extended Responses
Problem Solving and Application of Knowledge
Retrieval Practice Techniques
Future You - Biology in Scotland
More
Home
CfE Higher Human Biology
Unit 1 - Human Cells
Key Area 1: Division and Differentiation
KA1a: Division of somatic and germline cells
KA1b: Cellular differentiation
KA1c: Stem cells
KA1d: Cancer Cells
Key Area 2: Structure and replication of DNA
KA2a: Structure of DNA
KA2b: Replication of DNA
KA2c: PCR
Key Area 3: Gene Expression
KA3a: RNA molecules
KA3b: RNA polymerase
KA3c: tRNA and translation
KA3d: One Gene, Many Proteins
KA3e: Forming polypeptides
Key Area 4: Mutations
KA4a: Mutations
KA4b: Single gene mutations
KA4c: Chromosome mutations
Key Area 5: Human Genomics
KA5a: Genome and genome sequencing
KA5b: Pharmacogenetics
Key Area 6: Metabolic Pathways
KA6a: Metabolic pathways
KA6b: Control of metabolic pathways
Key Area 7: Cellular Respiration
KA7a: Metabolic pathways of respiration
KA7b: ATP synthesis
KA7c: Role of ATP in energy transfer
Key Area 8: Energy systems in muscle cells
KA8a: Lactate metabolism
KA8b: Skeletal muscle fibres
Unit 1 Revision
Unit 2 - Physiology and Health
Key Area 1: Gamete production & fertilisation
KA1a: Gamete production in the testes
KA1b: Gamete production in the ovaries
KA1c: Fertilisation
Key Area 2: Hormonal control of reproduction
KA2a: Hormonal influence on puberty
KA2b: Hormonal control of sperm production
KA2c: Hormonal control of the menstrual cycle
Key Area 3: The biology of controlling fertility
KA3a: Cyclical or continuous fertility
KA3b: Treatments for infertility
KA3c: Physical and chemical methods of contraception
Key Area 4: Antenatal and postnatal screening
KA4a: Antenatal Screening
KA4b: Analysis of patterns of inheritance
KA4c: Postnatal screening
Key Area 5: Structure and function of blood vessels
KA5a: Blood circulation
KA5b: Blood vessels
KA5c: Exchange of materials
Key Area 6: The structure and function of the heart
KA6a: Cardiac output
KA6b: The cardiac cycle
KA6c: The cardiac conducting system
KA6d: Blood pressure
Key Area 7: CVD
KA7a: Atherosclerosis
KA7b: Thrombosis
KA7c: Peripheral vascular disorders
KA7d: Cholesterol
Key Area 8: Blood glucose levels and obesity
KA8a: Blood glucose levels
KA8b: Insulin, glucagon and adrenaline
KA8c: Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
KA8d: Obesity
Unit 2 Revision
Unit 3 - Neurobiology and Immunology
Key Area 1: Divisions of the nervous system
KA1a: Nervous system divisions
KA1b: Neural pathways
Key Area 2: The cerebral cortex
KA2a: Cerebral cortex
KA2b: Hemispheres
Key Area 3: Memory
KA3a: Encoding, storage and retrieval
KA3b: Sensory memory
KA3c: STM
KA3d: LTM
Key Area 4: Cells of the Nervous System
KA4a: Neurons
KA4b: Neurotransmitters
KA4c: Mood and behaviour
KA4d: Disorders
KA4e: Recreational drugs
Key Area 5: Non-specific body defences
KA5a: Physical and chemical defences
KA5b: Inflammatory response
KA5c: Phagocytes
Key Area 6: Specific cellular defences
KA6a: Lymphocytes
KA6b: Immunological memory
Key area 7: Immunisation
KA7a: Vaccination
KA7b: Herd immunity
KA7c: Antigenic variation
Key Area 8: Clinical trials
Revision Material
Problem Solving
Extended Responses
Experimental Design Questions
Overall Course Revision
CfE Advanced Higher Biology
Topic 1
Topic 1 - KA1 Laboratory Techniques for Biologists
Topic 1 - KA1a - Health & Safety
Topic 1 - KA1b - Liquids & Solutions
Topic 1 - KA1c - Separation techniques
Topic 1 - KA1d - Detecting proteins using antibodies
Topic 1 - KA1e - Microscopy
Topic 1 - KA1f - Aseptic technique & cell culture
Topic 1 - KA2 - Proteins
Topic 1 - KA2a - Proteome
Topic 1 - KA2b - Synthesis and transport of proteins
Topic 1 - KA2c - Protein structure
Topic 1 - KA3 - Membrane Proteins
Topic 1 - KA3a - Movement of molecules across cell membranes
Topic 1 - KA3b - Ion transport pumps and generation of ion gradients
Topic 1 - KA4 - Communication and signalling
Topic 1 - KA4a - Coordination
Topic 1 - KA4b - Hydrophobic signals and control of transcription
Topic 1 - KA4c - Hydrophilic signals and transduction
Topic 1 - KA4d - Nerve impulse transmission
Topic 1 - KA5 - Protein control of cell division
Topic 1 - KA5a - The cytoskeleton and cell division
Topic 1 - KA5b - The cell cycle
Topic 1 - KA5c - Control of the cell cycle
Topic 1 - KA5d - Control of programmed cell death (apoptosis)
ANSWERS: Topic 1 Tasks
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 1
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 2
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 3
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 4
Answers: Topic 1, Key Area 5
Topic 1 Revision
Topic 2
Topic 2 - KA1 - Field Techniques
KA1a - Health and Safety
KA1b - Sampling of wild organisms
KA1c - Identification and Taxonomy
KA1d - Monitoring populations
KA1e - Measuring and recording behaviour
Topic 2 - KA2 - Evolution
KA2a - Drift and Selection
KA2b - Fitness
KA2c - Co-evolution
Topic 2 - KA3 - Variation
KA3a: Costs & Benefits
KA3b: Meiosis
KA3c: Sex determination
Topic 2 - KA4 - Sex & Behaviour
KA4a: Parental investment
KA4b: Reproductive behaviours
Topic 2 - KA5 - Parasitism
KA5a: Niche
KA5b: Parasitic life cycles
KA5c: Transmission & virulence
KA5d: Defence against parasitic attack
KA5e: Immune evasion
KA5f: Challenges in treatment & control
Answers to Topic 2 Tasks
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 1
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 2
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 3
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 4
Answers: Topic 2, Key Area 5
Topic 3
Topic 3 - KA1 Scientific Principles
Topic 3 - KA2 Experimentation
Topic 3 - KA2 Experimentation - All about sampling
Topic 3 - KA3 Reporting and Critical Evaluation
Answers to Topic 3 Tasks
Projects
Revision Material
Topic 1 Revision
Topic 2 Revision
Topic 3 Revision
Extended Responses
Problem Solving and Application of Knowledge
Retrieval Practice Techniques
Future You - Biology in Scotland
Revision
Experimental Design Questions
In your exam, there will be one large experimental design question, worth 5-9 marks. Use the slide deck on this page to explore what these look like and learn how to approach them to achieve your marks.
Experimental HIGHER HUMAN
The Answers
ANSWERS Experimental HIGHER HUMAN
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