Causal sets

Causal sets is another approach to quantum gravity. In causal sets, spacetime is a fundamental set of discrete spacetime points. These points are referred to as the elements of the causal set. Spacetime events, are ordered by causal relations. These point like events are literally the building blocks of spacetime. They form a network of events linked by causality. Earlier events can affect later events. However, later events cannot affect earlier ones. Hence, it is causal.

Causality is the principle that events are influenced by past events. An past event can only have a causal influence on a future event only if it's energy or information reaches it. That being said, there is a maximum speed at which this energy and information can be transferred. Furthermore, the universe can be seen in light of the history of these events, and their potential causal relations. The description of a causal structure of the universe would involve pairs of events being organized as whether the first event precedes the second, or vice versa, or there is no causal relation between the two events whatsoever since the signal of energy or information was not able to reach.

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