Overview of AP Multiple Choice Section
Notes from Five Steps to a Five
i. Follow sophisticated syntax
ii. Respond to diction
iii. Be comfortable with upper-level vocabulary
iv. Be familiar with rhetorical terminology
v. Make inferences
vi. Be sensitive to irony and tone
vii. Recognize components of organization and style
viii. Be familiar with modes of discourse and rhetorical strategies
ix. Recognize how information contained in citations contributes to the author’s purpose
i. “This passage is an example of”
ii. The pronoun “it” refers to
i. “Lines 52-57 serve to”
i. “The AP Language and Composition exam is all of the following except”
i. “In ‘Letter from a Birmingham Jail,’ the reader can infer that the speaker is”
i. “In the passage night refers to”
1. I. the death of the young woman
2. II. A pun on Sir William’s title
3. III. The end of an affair
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I and III only
D. II and III
E. I, II, and III
i. “The purpose of the footnote is to”
i. Specific Techniques
1. Process of Elimination-eliminate any obviously wrong answers, eliminate choices that are too broad or too narrow, eliminate illogical choices
2. If two answers are close, find the one general enough to contain all aspects of the question or find the one limited enough to be the detail the question is seeking
3. Use “Fill in the Blank”-Rephrase the question leaving a blank where the answer should go. Use each of the choices in the blank to figure out the best choice.
4. Use Context-locate the given word, phrases, or sentence and read the sentence before and after
5. Anticipation-As you read the first time, mark any details that you would ask questions about
6. Intuition/Educated Guess.
7. Survival Tip-If you’re running out of time and have not finished the test, scan the remaining questions and look for the shortest questions and/or the questions that point you to a line. Look for specific detail/definition questions. Look for self-contained questions, “The jail sentence was a bitter winter for his plan” is an example of. Also answer questions on tone and attitude.
8. Guess. As of May 2010, you will NOT lose points for incorrect answers...hooray!
9. You must answer at least 38 questions correctly (aim for 40) if you want a high score.
i. Factual: Words refer to, allusions, antecedents, pronoun references
ii. Technical: Sentence structure, style, grammatical purpose, dominant technique, imagery, point-of-view, organization of passage, narrative progress of passage, conflict, irony, function of…
iii. Analytical: rhetorical strategy, shift in development, rhetorical stance, style, metaphor, contrast, comparison, cause/effect, argument, description, narration, specific-general, general-specific, how something is characterized, imagery, passage is primarily concerned with, function of…
iv. Inferential: effect of diction, tone, inferences, effect of description, effect of last paragraph, effect on reader, narrator’s attitude, image suggests, effect of detail, author implies, author most concerned with, symbol
v. Categories: Use this to Make Sample Questions
1. the main idea/theme/attitude
a. The author would most likely agree with which of the following?
b. The narrator’s/writer’s/speaker’s attitude can be described as
c. The author would most/least likely agree that
d. The writer has presented all of the following ideas except
e. We can infer that the author values the quality of
f. The attitude of the narrator helps the writer create a mood of
g. In context, lines “..” most likely refer to
2. the author’s meaning and purpose (Why did the writer…)
a. “…” can best be defined as
b. The purpose of lines “…” can best be interpreted as
c. The writer clarifies “…” by
d. The writer emphasizes “..” in order to
e. By saying “..” the author intends for us to understand that
f. By “..” the author most likely means
g. The purpose of the sentence/paragraph/passage can be summarized as
h. The passage can be interpreted as meaning all of the following except
3. the language of rhetoric (syntax, diction, figurative language, tone, etc.)
a. A shift in point of view is demonstrated by
b. The repetitive syntax of lines “…” serves to
c. “..” can best be said to represent
d. The second sentence is unified by the writer’s use of ….. rhetorical device?
e. The word “…” is the antecedent for
f. The style of the passage can best be characterized as
g. The author employs “…” sentence structure to establish
h. The tone of the passage changes when the writer
4. the speaker or narrator
5. the attitude (of the narrator or author)
6. word choice and selection of details (connotation)
7. sentence structure (syntax)
8. rhetorical reasoning
9. inferences
10. general conclusions
11. organization and structure (is their contrast, deduction, spatial description, etc.)
a. The shift from “…” to “….” Is seen by the author’s use of…
b. In presenting the author’s point, the passage utilizes all of the following except
c. The speaker has included “…” in her argument in order to…
d. The type of argument employed by the author is most similar to which of the following?
e. The can be said to move from “….” To “….”
f. The “…” paragraph can be said to be … in relation to …
g. The structure of this passage is primarily one of ….
12. rhetorical modes (narration, description, argumentation, etc.)
a. All of the following modes can be found within the passage except
b. The rhetorical mode that best describes this passage is
c. The author uses cause and effect in order to
d. Which of the following best describes the author’s method of presenting the information
e. The author combines retrospection with which other rhetorical mode within this passage?
13. documentation and citation
a. Which of the following is an accurate reading of footnote…
b. The purpose of footnote… is to inform the reader that the quotation in line
c. Taken as a whole, the footnotes suggest that…
d. From reading footnote…, the reader can infer that…