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Bacterial community diversity | 16S metagenomics
Bacterial community diversity | 16S metagenomics
Tanim Jabid Hossain*, Shahadat Hossain, Iqbal Hossain Nafiz, Raihanul Islam, Md. Sajib Khan
Summary: The microbial community in fermented foods significantly impacts their flavor and quality, and metagenomic analysis serves as a valuable tool for comprehending the composition and diversity of the microbial community within fermented foods. Date palm sap, also known as date palm juice, is a nutritionally cherished beverage anticipated to host a diverse microbial community capable of influencing its quality, safety, and potential health benefits. Nevertheless, research on microbial community and diversity in date palm sap remains limited. In this study, we conducted the first metagenomic analysis of this beverage using high-throughput sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to unveil its intricate bacterial composition. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes emerged as the predominant bacterial phyla in all samples, collectively constituting over 85% of the microbiome on average. At the genus level, we observed higher diversity, with the lactic acid bacteria groups such as Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus exhibiting high relative abundance, potentially playing a significant role in sap fermentation. Additionally, we identified other bacterial groups including Zymomonas, Acinetobacter, Fructobacillus, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Ralstonia, and others, commonly present in the samples. Furthermore, functional predictions of the microbial communities indicated a primary association with metabolic functions, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, and cellular processes. Their proteins were predominantly linked to membrane transport, amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism. While specific correlations require further investigation, these findings offer insights into the complex microbial ecology of date palm sap. Future studies should prioritize isolating key bacterial species to uncover and harness their precise contributions to specific juice characteristics.
Environmental Microbiology | Bioremediation
Environmental Microbiology | Bioremediation
Isolation of Biosurfactant Producing Bacteria from Oil-Spilled Soil and Characterization of Their Secreted Biosurfactants in Pathogen-Inhibition and Oil-Emulsification
Isolation of Biosurfactant Producing Bacteria from Oil-Spilled Soil and Characterization of Their Secreted Biosurfactants in Pathogen-Inhibition and Oil-Emulsification
Mohammad Zobaer, Ferdausi Ali, Md Anwar*, Mohammed Sajjad Hossain Bappi, Takia Binte Bakar, Tanim Jabid Hossain*
Summary: Since phosphorus remains mostly in an unutilizable form in soil, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can be employed to increase availability of soluble usable phosphorus in the rhizosphere. Consequently, in this study three highly efficient phosphate solubilizing strains were screened out from the rhizospheric soil of BRRI-28 rice variety and characterized for plant growth promoting and abiotic stress tolerance properties. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified the three isolates as Enterobacter and Klebsiella strains. They exhibited multiple plant growth promoting traits including auxin secretion, zinc solubilization, or ammonia production. The phosphate solubilizing and zinc solubilizing indices of the isolates were determined. Lipolytic activity was found to be the most common hydrolytic activity detected in all of the isolates. The PSB were further evaluated for their tolerance to different degrees of salinity (3 to 11% NaCl), drought (10 to 50% PEG-6000) and temperatures (20°C, 30°C and 37°C). The isolates could tolerate salinity stress up to 7% NaCl, drought stress up to 30% PEG-6000, and grew at all the tested temperatures with maximum growth detected at 30℃ or 37℃. Therefore, the phosphate solubilizing isolates can be considered candidates as microbial inoculants for plant growth enhancement and agricultural productivity under stress conditions.
Antimicrobial Detection
Antimicrobial Detection
Tanim Jabid Hossain*
Summary: Infectious diseases pose a formidable global challenge, with the escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance complicating their treatment. In response, researchers are actively exploring natural and synthetic antimicrobial compounds as potential solutions. This pursuit of novel antimicrobial agents highlights the critical role of the methods used for screening and evaluating antimicrobial activity - a vital step in the discovery and characterization of effective antimicrobial compounds. While conventional techniques like well diffusion, disk diffusion and broth dilution methods are widely used in antimicrobial assays, they may face limitations in reproducibility and speed. Additionally, a variety of antimicrobial testing methods including cross-streaking, poisoned food, co-culture, time-kill kinetics, resazurin assay, bioautography, and more, are routinely employed in antimicrobial evaluation, expanding the range of assessment tools. Advanced techniques such as flow cytometry, impedance analysis and bioluminescent techniques may provide rapid and sensitive results, offering a deeper insight into the impact of antimicrobials on cellular integrity and viability, but their higher cost and limited accessibility in some laboratory settings can pose challenges. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the in-vitro and in-situ assays designed to characterize antimicrobial activity in natural and synthetic compounds, discussing the underlying principle, protocol, advantages, and limitations of each method. The primary objective is to enhance the understanding of available methods for evaluating antimicrobial agents in the ongoing battle against infectious diseases. By selecting the appropriate antimicrobial assay method, researchers can determine the most suitable conditions for assessment, and streamline the identification of effective antimicrobial agents.
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