Systems of forces affecting users

Note the relationships between forces: supporting relationships are indicated with a plus (+) sign and conflicting relationships with a minus (–) sign.

The key for all the symbols is in the relationships between forces list below.

Forces

Existing biases and prejudices

Some personas have ‘traditional’ perspectives regarding hierarchy, rules, processes and behaviour of others, so may be less empathetic to the needs of prisoner patients. Some personas already have a person centred view of care so may help others with empathy.

Digital literacy

Some personas are not yet comfortable with some digital technologies (even those required for their jobs). Some are very digitally literate so could help others.

Experience

Some personas have plenty of work experience relevant for their roles but lack experience of dealing with prisoner patients.

Education

While some personas have plenty of qualifications, others have minimal educational qualifications.

Disabilities

One persona is dyslexic so needs to use accessibility adjustments for staff development training, depending upon original format.

Motivation

Some personas have drive and ambition to further their careers, while others are content to continue working as they currently do.

Social

Social life for some personas revolves around their personal lives, while others are willing to socialise with colleagues as well as their families.

Situation/context

Hospital working practices, rules and processes may constrain how the personas connect with colleagues and prisoner patients, depending on their attitudes.

Time

All the personas are very busy in their jobs and have little time for engaging with staff CPD some of which is mandatory, so whatever is designed for CPD needs to be short, to the point and engaging.

Relationships

Note the relationships between forces. Supporting relationships are indicated with a plus (+) sign and conflicting relationships with a minus (–) sign.

2 -

Preconceptions, stereotyping, and lack of empathy will affect the reception of new information being presented.

3a -

The lack of digital literacy could affect both the confidence of the user as well as the engagement of the user.

3b +

The ones with digital literacy will already have the confidence and skill to use the training.

ICON: 4 + Users/learners have a foundation of (non-specialized) experience on which to build on. They already know how to do their job, it’s now just gaining the knowledge and skills to expand upon.

4 +

Users/learners have a foundation of (non-specialized) experience on which to build on. They already know how to do their job, it’s now just gaining the knowledge and skills to expand upon.

ICON: 5 + They have all gone through a variety of different educational programs (vocational, academic, professional), so going through continual professional development (CPD) is not going to be a strange concept to them. Any additional education/development would increase confidence.

5 +

They have all gone through a variety of different educational programs (vocational, academic, professional), so going through continual professional development (CPD) is not going to be a strange concept to them. Any additional education/development would increase confidence.

6 -

Lack of design catering to various disabilities can have the opposite (negative) effect on the learner.

7a +

Whether it’s moving up the career ladder (promotion) or staying where they are, training is now seen as a requirement rather than optional.

ICON: 7b - Potential negative force from some here, if it is mandatory they may see it more as a distraction from their social/family/work life and not be as engaged with it, this could cause disruption in class or group work. Might perceive it will be DULL!

7b -

Potential negative force from some here, if it is mandatory they may see it more as a distraction from their social/family/work life and not be as engaged with it, this could cause disruption in class or group work. Might perceive it will be dull!

8 +

By tapping into the knowledge and experience of friends and family, it can build upon the knowledge being learnt on the course.

9 -

Constraints placed on personnel/department could lead to an inconsistent approach on implementing the knowledge and skills.

10 +

Keeping the training on point (short, to the point, and engaging), will help with time management.

This site is managed by four students of The Open University for study purposes. Personas are fictional.

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