Overview:

Most notable for being the capital of the Galactic Republic, the Core World, Coruscant, had an immense planetary surface made solely of cities. Coruscant, located in the Corusca sector, was home to several different cultures and a vast spectrum of species. It was even considered the homeworld of the human species. The approximate population of the planet was 3 trillion citizens (Coruscanti), made of both alien species and humans. The world was prone to several battles between the Jedi and the Sith, as it was home to the Jedi Temple on Coruscant, which was atop a Sith shrine. Coruscant also had intricate trading routes, for it was a hub to massive galactic-wide affairs. With Coruscant's advanced technology, the planet could control its weather patterns. Over thousands of years, Coruscant's natural terrain was eventually ruined with the expansion of the ecumenopolis. With the destruction, Coruscant preserved their last peak: Monument Plaza. 

Galactic City: Coruscant's most profound city was the glamorous Galactic City. The city was made of 5,127 levels, with the lower levels being prone to hustles and crime. The first level was even rendered uninhabitable, with creatures and monsters prowling in its depths. Level 5,125 flourished with the wealthy citizens of Coruscant. It was also further divided into sectors, each having its unique nickname. Said sectors were broken down into zones. The most notable zone was the Federal/Senate District. It was the most fortified. This zone was home to most political activity as it held the Senate Building and Courts of Justice. The Federal District was also the location of the Jedi Temple, the headquarters of the Jedi Order. The most noteworthy politicians and prominent citizens resided in the tower known as 500 Republica.

Pre-Republic: Around 200,000 BBY, Coruscant was originally Notron. On Notron, there were two native species. These species, the Taung and the Zhell, were the ancestors of the human species. The Zhell were divided into the Thirteen Nations of Zhell and often fought with the Taung. After coming out victorious in a fierce battle, the Taung were driven off by the Zhell to the world known as Roon. As evolution occurred, the planet of Notron gained the title of Coruscant. Another species by the name of the Gree also visited Coruscant. The Gree species were responsible for the construction of Coruscant's original infrastructure. In 90,000 BBY, their efforts aided in the eventual building of Galactic City. With Coruscant rapidly growing, humans began to urbanize it as well. They quickly created many technologies that would assist their quality of life, such as recycling plants and a unique waste system that would utilize space. In 30,000 BBY, the reign of the Infinite Empire spread to Coruscant. The ruthless empire enslaved Coruscanti and forced them to work. The humans eventually learned from their imprisoners and invented the sleeper ships. These ships were capable of reaching faster-than-light travel, all while keeping passengers comatose. By 27,500 BBY, Coruscant deployed several of these ships to nearby worlds, such as Alsaken, Alderaan, Corellia, Axum, and Corfai. In 500 years, they even reached systems such as Barseg and Janilis VII in the Tion Cluster. With the spread of the Rakata plague, the Infinite Empire inevitably died out, leading the Coruscanti Humans to reclaim their lost world (25,200 BBY). Under new leadership, Coruscant met with other Core Worlds and signed the Galactic Constitution, forming the profound Galactic Republic; Coruscant as its capital. Coruscant's evolution also included the reverse-engineered version of the Rakata Hyperdrive. This invention dates back to around 25,000 BBY. It allowed for more convenient travel between the Core Worlds, as well as Republic territories. The hyperdrive laid out the foundation of the Perlemian Trade Route, a vast hyperlane that linked the Republic with the Tion Cluster. Another major hyperlane was the Spin. The Spin was the most influential hyperlane for the Core Worlds, being able to interact with worlds from Metellos to Corellia. 

The Jedi Order: Following the invention of the hyperlanes, the Perlemian Trade Route allowed interaction between the Jedi Order on Ossus and the Galactic Republic. The Jedi Master by the name of Haune Tiar explored the planet and was eventually responsible for the alliance between the two factions. The Jedi were then labeled as the government's protectors and were given an establishment on Coruscant. The peace did not last, however. Just 500 years later, the Jedi Order went through the First Great Schism. Coruscant was dragged into it, having hosted a battle between the Jedi Order and the Legions of Lettow. With the conflict finally over, the Tionese War broke out in 24,500 BBY. The Tionese invaded the Core Worlds, bombarding Republic cities with pressure bombs. With war out of the Republic's horizon, Galactic City arose near the Manarai Mountains, setting up thousands of events for years to come.

Confliction: With Coruscant's apparent success and prosperity, tension grew between Coruscant and neighboring worlds. The trade route known as the Spin served as the lifeline for the Republic at large. Alsaken, another Core World, grew envious of Coruscant's role in the SPin trade route, so they planned to overthrow Coruscant's capital status. Aslakan dubbed worlds along the Perlemian Trade Route the "Axis" and began to take action, blockading populated systems to economically affect the Grand Companies, a vital asset to the Spin. The series of skirmishes earned the title of the Alsaken Conflicts and ultimately affected the other Core Worlds, neutral or not. The cult known as Pius Dea sprouted on Coruscant and became more prominent around 12,000 BBY. Their cult worshipped the deity figure known as The Goddess and was infamous for their strict moral teachings. They were a humanocentric group and even went to the extreme of assassinating the Supreme Chancellor Pers'lya due to him being Bothan in 11,987 BBY. The stunt was executed in an attempt for the human, Contispex I, to rise to power. And that he did. His new position allowed him to initiate the First Pius Dea Crusade, a military action that targeted alien species. The efforts even drove the Jedi Order off of Coruscant. The Pius Dea era concluded in 10,966 BBY with the assistance of the Jedi Order, Alsaken, and numerous alien worlds fighting against the cult. Coruscant's bloody history almost drew to an end with the Great Hyperspace Wars and the Great Galactic War. The Great Galactic War hosted numerous attacks on Coruscant, the most profound one being the Sacking of Coruscant. Sith Lord Angral led the attack from the planetary exterior, while Darth Malgus led the attack on the Jedi Temple. It was a brutal period for the Galactic Republic that led to the chancellor's murder, as well as six Jedi High Councilors. The Great Galactic War concluded with the Treaty of Coruscant, rendering the Republic and Coruscant into another crisis due to the biased terms. The final event prelude to the Clone Wars was the New Sith Wars. Lasting 1,000 years, the New Sith Wars were a travesty for Coruscant. The Sith attacked Coruscant, and the Jedi took control over all political affairs in the Galactic Republic. The war finally ended on Ruusan, and the era of Sith insurgence concluded with the Ruusan Reformation.

The Clone Wars: With the arrival of the brand new clone army of the Galactic Republic, the Clone Wars had begun. In 22 BBY, the Grand Army of the Republic launched a rescue mission on the planet Geonosis, occupied by the Confederacy at the time. The planet itself underwent many physical changes to suit the new army. The war sparked much controversy and led to widespread terrorism. Three years into the war, the Confederacy of Independent System (CIS) struck Coruscant with an invasion led by General Grievous. The attack had allowed for the capturing of Chancellor Palpatine, leaving him in a vulnerable state. Thankfully, the prestigious Jedi Knight Obi-wan Kenobi and Anakin Skywalker rescued the chancellor, eliminating Count Dooku in the process. Unfortunately, the Jedi were falsely accused of treason by Chancellor Palpatine, putting the war to a halt. With the Jedi gone, Palpatine transformed the once hopeful Galactic Republic into the monstrous Galactic Empire. 

Conclusion: The newly made Galactic Empire transformed the Jedi Temple on Coruscant into the Emperor's palace, making a mockery of Jedi philosophy and traditions. Galactic City was dubbed Imperial City and Coruscant the Imperial Center. It became an eerie location in the galaxy, no longer prosperous and full of life. The planet would stay safe under Imperial reign until the fall of the Galactic Empire, then serving as a world of the New Republic, ultimately returning to its old ways.