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Introduction
Introduction
Electricity is used every day in the home, and in battery operated devices with integral circuits. In this topic you will learn how to draw electric circuits, how to measure current and potential difference, and how to calculate the resistance of components in common circuits. You will also investigate the difference between series and parallel circuits, and how current and potential difference behaves in these circuits. Finally, you will investigate static electricity.
Task 1: Know
Task 1: Know
Use look, cover, write check to learn the answers to the core questions and the keywords for this topic
Learn
Learn
Task 2: Charge
Task 2: Charge
Task 2b: Complete the wordfill in your books:
Overall charge of an object can be ________ or ________.
Opposite charges _______ and ____ charges repel.
______ charges can be made by friction.
Electrons are _________ charged
Removal of _________ leave an object with a ________ charge.
________ of electrons leave an object with ________ charge
Task 3: Moving electrons
Task 3: Moving electrons
Task 3c: Make notes that:
Define static electricity
Give the charge of electrons
Explain how charge builds up
Define the rules for attraction and repulsion in charged particles
Explain why a person’s hair stands up when they touch a Van der Graaf generator
Task 4: Current
Task 4: Current
Task 4b: Make notes that:
Define current
Describe two things that are needed in order for current to flow through a circuit
State what unit is used to measure current
Name the component used to measure current and explain why it needs to be connected in series.
Task 4c: Answer and self mark the exam questions
Task 5: Circuit symbols
Task 5: Circuit symbols
Task 5c: Make notes that:
Explain why we use standard circuit symbols when drawing circuits
Define component
Explain (with a diagram) how to connect an ammeter to measure the current in a circuit
Explain (with a diagram) how to connect a voltmeter to measure the potential difference in a circuit
Define a series circuit
Define a parallel circuit
Task 5d: Draw circuit diagrams for the following:
Series circuit: One cell, one lamp, 1 switch
Series circuit: One cell, two lamps and an ammeter. Now add a voltmeter across one lamp
Parallel circuit: Two cells (or a battery made up of 2 cells), 2 lamps in parallel, and a switch
Complete the worksheet.
Task 6: Current in series and parallel
Task 6: Current in series and parallel
Task 6b: Make notes that:
Describe how current behaves in a series circuit. Explain why this happens.
Compare how current behaves in a series and parallel circuits.
Copy the diagram below.
Describe and explain what would happen to the current in this circuit if:
One bulb was removed from the series circuit
An extra bulb was added to the series circuit
An extra cell was added to the series circuit
Task 7: Potential difference
Task 7: Potential difference
Task 7c: Open the Phet Animation to make your own circuits: Click on the link, then choose ‘Intro’ NOT lab
Using the worksheet provided, practise building the circuits listed in the Phet animation.
For each circuit, draw a circuit diagram in your book, using a pencil and ruler to keep them neat.
Use the voltmeter in the Phet animation to measure the potential difference where needed, and record your results
What do you notice about the potential difference in the different circuits?
Try your own variations for building circuits. Draw two of them, and record the potential difference of the cell (or battery) and a component
Explain how to make a bulb brighter, and dimmer.
Task 8: Resistance
Task 8: Resistance
Task 8b: Make notes that:
Define resistance
Give the unit and symbol of resistance
Draw the symbol for a fixed resistor (that has a fixed resistance) and the symbol for a variable resistor (where the resistance can be changed)
Define conductor and insulator
Task 8c: Open the Phet animation and choose ‘Intro’ not lab. Open the worksheet on resistance
Follow the instructions in the worksheet and take the readings needed to fill the table
Scroll through the components in the Phet animation, and try using some unusual ‘components’ like the pencil, the dog, and the dollar bill. List which items are insulators and which are conductors.
Task 8d: Calculations
Give the formula for Resistance
Use the formula to calculate the resistance of the following bulbs:
A bulb with a PD of 1.5V accross it with a current of 1A flowing through it.
A bulb with a PD of 1.5V accross it with a current of 0.5A flowing through it.
A bulb with a PD of 3V accross it with a current of 1A flowing through it.
A bulb with a PD of 3V accross it with a current of 0.5A flowing through it.
Click on the arrow to check your answers
Click on the arrow to check your answers
1.5Ω
3Ω
3Ω
6Ω
Task 9: Summary
Task 9: Summary
Task 9a: Complete the Seneca learning units for this topic
Task 9b: Go through the BBC Bitesize information on this topic
Task 9c: Make a set of revision resources - a mind map or revision cards - to summarise your work on this topic and put it in your revision folder.
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