In this unit, we will learn about microscopes, the different types of cells, how to tell the difference between them and some adaptations that allow them to carry out specific jobs.

We will also learn about the transport of material into and out of cells by diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.

When studying the processes for transferring material, you also need to be able to explain the adaptations of exchange surfaces and link these to the processes of material transport.

Specification links:

• Set 1 - 4.1.1.1 - 4.1.1.5, 4.1.3.1 - 4.1.3.3

• Set 2 & 3 - 4.1.1.1 - 4.1.1.5, 4.1.3.1 - 4.1.3.3

Task 1b: Listen to the podcast for your set to get an overview of this topic:

Task 2b: Make notes that:

• Draw and label a microscope. (Use slide 7 to help)

• Name the two different types of microscopes.

• Define resolution.

• Compare electron microscopes and light microscopes.

• Give the calculation for magnification, and rearrange for size of image and size of real object.

Task 2c: Complete and self mark the questions on magnification.

Task 4c: Make notes that:

• Plan a method to make an animal cell slide.

• Plan a method to make a plant cell slide.

• Describe how to calibrate a microscope and measure the size of the image.

Task 5c: Make notes that:

• Define a prokaryotic cell.

• Define an eukaryotic cell.

• Draw and label a bacteria cell.

• Describe the similarities and differences between the features found in a prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic plant and animal cells. (6marks)

• Define orders of magnitude.

Task 6c: Make notes that:

• Define a specialised cell.

• Name 3 specialised animal cells.

• Name 4 specialised plant cells.

• Describe the adaptations for the following animal cells; muscle cells, nerve cells, sperm cells.

• Describe the adaptations for the following plant cells; root hair cell, photosynthetic cell, xylem, phloem.

Task 7c: Make notes that:

• Define diffusion.

• Draw and label a diagram to show diffusion.

• Name 3 factors that affect the rate of diffusion.

• Describe how these 3 factors affect the rate of diffusion. 

Task 8b: Make notes that:

• Define osmosis.

• Define hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic.

• Give the equation to calculate percentage change in mass.

• Complete the  task on slide 17.

Task 9c: Make notes that:

• Name the following variables for this experiment:

  • control

  • independent,

  • dependent.

• Define hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic.

• Give the equation to calculate percentage change in mass.

Task 10c: Make notes that:

• Define active transport. 

• Compare diffusion, active transport and osmosis.

• Complete the venn diagram on slide 12.

Task 11c: Make notes that

• Give three areas in the body where materials are exchanged.

• Describe how the alveoli are adapted for diffusion.

• Plan a method to calculate surface area to volume ratio.

• Complete the handout 

Task 12c:  Make your own version of the mind map to the right or single page revision summary of this topic. 

Use the specification links to help you and add it to your revision folder

• Set 1 - 4.1.1.1 - 4.1.1.5, 4.1.3.1 - 4.1.3.3

• Set 2 & 3 - 4.1.1.1 - 4.1.1.5, 4.1.3.1 - 4.1.3.3

Task 12d: Read through the BBC bitesize revision pages and have a go at the quiz:

Task 13: Complete the quiz for your set to make sure you understand this unit.