Integumentary system

Keratinizing epithelial cells

• • Epidermal keratinocyte (differentiating epidermal cell)

  • Epidermal basal cell (stem cell)

  • Keratinocyte of fingernails and toenails

  • Nail bed basal cell (stem cell)

• Medullary hair shaft cell

• Cortical hair shaft cell

• Cuticular hair shaft cell

• Cuticular hair root sheath cell

  • Hair root sheath cell of Huxley's layer

  • Hair root sheath cell of Henle's layer

• External hair root sheath cell

  • Hair matrix cell (stem cell)

Wet stratified barrier epithelial cells

• • Surface epithelial cell of stratified squamous epithelium of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distalurethra and vagina

  • basal cell (stem cell) of epithelia of cornea, tongue, oral cavity, esophagus, anal canal, distal urethra and vagina

  • Urinary epithelium cell (lining urinary bladder and urinary ducts)

Gland cells

Exocrine secretory epithelial cells

• • Salivary gland mucous cell (polysaccharide-rich secretion)

  • Salivary gland serous cell (glycoprotein enzyme-rich secretion)

  • Von Ebner's gland cell in tongue (washes taste buds)

  • Mammary gland cell (milk secretion)

  • Lacrimal gland cell (tear secretion)

  • Ceruminous gland cell in ear (wax secretion)

  • Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (glycoprotein secretion)

  • Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (small molecule secretion)

  • Apocrine sweat gland cell (odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive)

  • Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (specialized sweat gland)

  • Sebaceous gland cell (lipid-rich sebum secretion)

  • Bowman's gland cell in nose (washes olfactory epithelium)

  • Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (enzymes and alkaline mucus)

  • Seminal vesicle cell (secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming sperm)

  • Prostate gland cell (secretes seminal fluid components)

  • Bulbourethral gland cell (mucus secretion)

  • Bartholin's gland cell (vaginal lubricant secretion)

  • Gland of Littre cell (mucus secretion)

  • Uterus endometrium cell (carbohydrate secretion)

  • Isolated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts (mucus secretion)

  • Stomach lining mucous cell (mucus secretion)

  • Gastric gland zymogenic cell (pepsinogen secretion)

  • Gastric gland oxyntic cell (hydrochloric acid secretion)

  • Pancreatic acinar cell (bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion)

  • Paneth cell of small intestine (lysozyme secretion)

  • Type II pneumocyte of lung (surfactant secretion)

  • Clara cell of lung

Hormone secreting cells

• • Anterior pituitary cells

    • Somatotropes

    • Lactotropes

    • Thyrotropes

    • Gonadotropes

    • Corticotropes

  • Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone

• Magnocellular neurosecretory cells

  • • secreting oxytocin

    • secreting vasopressin

• • Gut and respiratory tract cells

    • • secreting serotonin

      • secreting endorphin

      • secreting somatostatin

      • secreting gastrin

      • secreting secretin

      • secreting cholecystokinin

      • secreting insulin

      • secreting glucagon

      • secreting bombesin

  • Thyroid gland cells

• • • thyroid epithelial cell

    • parafollicular cell

• • Parathyroid gland cells

• • • Parathyroid chief cell

    • Oxyphil cell

• • Adrenal gland cells

• • • chromaffin cells

      • secreting steroid hormones (mineralcorticoids and gluco corticoids)

• • Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone

  • Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting estrogen

  • Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone

• • • Granulosa lutein cells

    • Theca lutein cells

• • Juxtaglomerular cell (renin secretion)

  • Macula densa cell of kidney

  • Peripolar cell of kidney

  • Mesangial cell of kidney

Metabolism and storage cells

• • Hepatocyte (liver cell)

• White fat cell

• Brown fat cell

• Liver lipocyte

Barrier function cells (Lung, Gut, Exocrine Glands and Urogenital Tract)

Kidney

• Kidney glomerulus parietal cell

• Kidney glomerulus podocyte

• Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell

• Loop of Henle thin segment cell

• Kidney distal tubule cell

• Kidney collecting duct cell

Other

• • Type I pneumocyte (lining air space of lung)

  • Pancreatic duct cell (centroacinar cell)

  • Nonstriated duct cell (of sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, etc.)

    • principal cell

    • Intercalated cell

  • Duct cell (of seminal vesicle, prostate gland, etc.)

  • Intestinal brush border cell (with microvilli)

• Exocrine gland striated duct cell

  • Gall bladder epithelial cell

• Ductulus efferens nonciliated cell

• Epididymal principal cell

• Epididymal basal cell

Epithelial cells lining closed internal body cavities

• Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial fenestrated cell

• Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial continuous cell

• Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial splenic cell

  • Synovial cell (lining joint cavities, hyaluronic acid secretion)

  • Serosal cell (lining peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities)

  • Squamous cell (lining perilymphatic space of ear)

  • Squamous cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Columnar cell of endolymphatic sac with microvilli (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Columnar cell of endolymphatic sac without microvilli (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Dark cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Vestibular membrane cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Stria vascularis basal cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Stria vascularis marginal cell (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Cell of Claudius (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Cell of Boettcher (lining endolymphatic space of ear)

  • Choroid plexus cell (cerebrospinal fluid secretion)

• Pia-arachnoid squamous cell

  • Pigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye

  • Nonpigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye

• Corneal endothelial cell

  • Peg cell (of Fallopian tube)

Ciliated cells with propulsive function

• Respiratory tract ciliated cell

  • Oviduct ciliated cell (in female)

  • Uterine endometrial ciliated cell (in female)

  • Rete testis ciliated cell (in male)

  • Ductulus efferens ciliated cell (in male)

  • Ciliated ependymal cell of central nervous system (lining brain cavities)

Extracellular matrix secretion cells

• • Ameloblast epithelial cell (tooth enamel secretion)

  • Planum semilunatum epithelial cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (proteoglycan secretion)

  • Organ of Corti interdental epithelial cell (secreting tectorial membrane covering hair cells)

• Loose connective tissue fibroblasts

  • Corneal fibroblasts (corneal keratocytes)

• Tendon fibroblasts

  • Bone marrow reticular tissue fibroblasts

  • Other nonepithelial fibroblasts

• Pericyte

  • Nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc

  • Cementoblast/cementocyte (tooth root bonelike cementum secretion)

  • Odontoblast/odontocyte (tooth dentin secretion)

  • Hyaline cartilage chondrocyte

  • Fibrocartilage chondrocyte

  • Elastic cartilage chondrocyte

  • Osteoblast/osteocyte

  • Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell of osteoblasts)

  • Hyalocyte of vitreous body of eye

  • Stellate cell of perilymphatic space of ear

  • Hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell)

• Pancreatic stellate cell

Contractile cells

• • Skeletal muscle cells

    • • Red skeletal muscle cell (slow)

      • White skeletal muscle cell (fast)

• • • Intermediate skeletal muscle cell

      • nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle

      • nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle

• • Satellite cell (stem cell)

  • Heart muscle cells

    • • Ordinary heart muscle cell

• • • Nodal heart muscle cell

      • Purkinje fiber cell

• • Smooth muscle cell (various types)

  • Myoepithelial cell of iris

  • Myoepithelial cell of exocrine glands

Blood and immune system cells

• • Erythrocyte (red blood cell)

  • Megakaryocyte (platelet precursor)

• Monocyte

  • Connective tissue macrophage (various types)

  • Epidermal Langerhans cell

  • Osteoclast (in bone)

  • Dendritic cell (in lymphoid tissues)

  • Microglial cell (in central nervous system)

• Neutrophil granulocyte

• Eosinophil granulocyte

• Basophil granulocyte

• Mast cell

• Helper T cell

• Suppressor T cell

• Cytotoxic T cell

• Natural Killer T cell

• B cell

• Natural killer cell

• Reticulocyte

  • Stem cells and committed progenitors for the blood and immune system (various types)

Nervous system

Sensory transducer cells

• • Auditory inner hair cell of organ of Corti

  • Auditory outer hair cell of organ of Corti

  • Basal cell of olfactory epithelium (stem cell for olfactory neurons)

  • Cold-sensitive primary sensory neurons

  • Heat-sensitive primary sensory neurons

  • Merkel cell of epidermis (touch sensor)

• Olfactory receptor neuron

  • Pain-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)

  • Photoreceptor cells of retina in eye:

    • • Photoreceptor rod cells

      • Photoreceptor blue-sensitive cone cell of eye

      • Photoreceptor green-sensitive cone cell of eye

      • Photoreceptor red-sensitive cone cell of eye

  • Proprioceptive primary sensory neurons (various types)

  • Touch-sensitive primary sensory neurons (various types)

  • Type I carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)

  • Type II carotid body cell (blood pH sensor)

  • Type I hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity)

  • Type II hair cell of vestibular apparatus of ear (acceleration and gravity)

  • Type I taste bud cell

Autonomic neuron cells

• • Cholinergic neural cell (various types)

  • Adrenergic neural cell (various types)

  • Peptidergic neural cell (various types)

Sense organ and peripheral neuron supporting cells

• Inner pillar cell of organ of Corti

• Outer pillar cell of organ of Corti

• Inner phalangeal cell of organ of Corti

• Outer phalangeal cell of organ of Corti

• Border cell of organ of Corti

  • Hensen cell of organ of Corti

• Vestibular apparatus supporting cell

• Taste bud supporting cell

• Olfactory epithelium supporting cell

• Schwann cell

  • Satellite cell (encapsulating peripheral nerve cell bodies)

• Enteric glial cell

Central nervous system neurons and glial cells

• • Astrocyte (various types)

  • Neuron cells (large variety of types, still poorly classified)

• Oligodendrocyte

• Spindle neuron

Lens cells

• Anterior lens epithelial cell

• Crystallin-containing lens fiber cell

Pigment cells

• Melanocyte

• Retinal pigmented epithelial cell

Germ cells

• • Oogonium/Oocyte

• Spermatid

• Spermatocyte

  • Spermatogonium cell (stem cell for spermatocyte)

• Spermatozoon

Nurse cells

• Ovarian follicle cell

  • Sertoli cell (in testis)

• Thymus epithelial cell

Interstitial cells

• Interstitial kidney cells^[1]

References

• 1. ^ mednote.co

• • Robert A. Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, Volume I: Basic Capabilities, Landes Bioscience, Georgetown, TX, 1999

• Cells of the Adult Human Body: A Catalogue

See also

• Wikipedia:MeSH A11