Byzantine Various Areas

This bibliography will be expanded to include various areas of the Byzantine world, but currently contains a number of general works and specific works about the Crux Vaticana. Read below for details.

Bibliography in American Journal of Archaeology format mostly with AJA journal abbreviations

Key to the American Journal of Archaeology’s bibliographic format:

Journal Articles: Author. Date. “Title.” Journal title Vol.: Pages. [or] Vol. (no. ): Pages

Books: Author. Date. Title. City: Publisher.

Chapters in books: Author. Date. “Chapter title.” In Book title, edited by Authors, pages. City: Publisher.

Crux Vaticana / Cross of Justin II / Vatican Cross

Located in the Vatican's Museo Storico Artistico e Tesoro, this Byzantine reliquary was dedicated by Emperor Justinian II (Justin II) to the people of Rome. It has recently been restored in 2009 by Italian goldsmiths and museum conservators and installed in the treasury museum. It does not fall within the time-frame of the Gothic reliquary, but shows the continuity of the preservation and enshrinement of relics through the periods. The True Cross is also one of the most important relics in the world.

Informational site: http://www.cruxvaticana.com

Informal site: http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/Interior/Sacristy-Treasury/Items/Museum-18.htm

Baert, B. 2004. A Heritage of Holy Wood: the Legend of the True Cross in Text and Image. Cultures, beliefs, and traditions, v. 22. Leiden and Boston: Brill. (Available at LoC, Seminary)

Breckenridge, J. D. 1972. "Evidence for the nature of relations between Pope John VII and the Byzantine Emperor Justinian II." Byzantinische Zeitschrift 65 (2) 364-74. (Securing access)

Cotsonis, J. 1994. Byzantine Figural Processional Crosses. Washington: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, p. 58.

Faison, Jr., S.L. 1935. "A Gothic Processional Cross in the Museo Cristiano." ABull 17 (2) 163-83. (JSTOR Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3045579)

Pohlsander, H. 2007. "A Heritage of Holy Wood: The Legend of the True Cross in Text and Image, and: Byzanz, der Westen, und das 'wahre' Kreuz" (Review article). The Catholic Historical Review 93 (2) 378-82. (Discussion of two recent publications). http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/cat/summary/v093/93.2pohlsander.html

Wylie, V. 1945. "A Copper-Gilt Shrine in the Museo Sacro of the Vatican Library." ABull 27 (1) 65-6. (JSTOR Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3046981) (Not suitable for Review of Scholarship)

On Early Christian and Byzantine Art in general

Beckwith, J. 1979. Early Christian and Byzantine Art. The Pelican History of Art. Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Books. (Available at FCPL, GMU)

Ekonomou, A. 2007. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. (Available at NOVA)

Evans, H.C., M. Holcomb, and R. Hallman. 2001. The Arts of Byzantium. Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 58 (4). New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. (JSTOR Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/i364708) (A good collection of works, any of which would be suitable as Course Project topics)

Freeman, C. 2009. A New History of Early Christianity. New Haven: Yale University Press. (Available at GMU BR162.3.F73 2009)

Spier, J., et al. 2007. Picturing the Bible: The Earliest Christian Art. New Haven and Fort Worth: Yale University Press and the Kimbell Art Museum. (Available at NOVA)

McClanan, A. 2002. Representations of early Byzantine Empresses: Image and Empire. Palgrave Macmillan. (Available at GMU)

Stokstad, M. 2008. "Review: Understanding the Enjoying the Earliest Christian Art" AJA 112 (3) 533-41. (JSTOR Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20627489)

Weitzmann, K., ed. 1979. Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art, Third to Seventh Century. New York and Princeton: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, in association with Princeton University Press. (Available at GMU)