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Rule: Use quotes to refer to words and letters, titles of short works (like articles and poems), and direct quotations. Use quotation marks for two different cases:
Case 1: Indirect speech
Example UK: A 30-year-old man presents to the physician for 'feeling down'.
Example US: A 30-year-old man presents to the physician for “feeling down.”
Case 2: Direct speech
Example: The patient said: “I’m feeling down.”
Rule: Periods and commas are within quotation marks. If a question mark is part of the quotation, it goes within. If you’re asking a question that ends with a quote, it goes outside the quote. This also applied for single quotes, commas and periods go inside the quotation marks as usual but question marks go outside.
Example: Christy said, “I ate a donut.” Who was it that said, “A fool and his donut are easily parted”?