How was chattel slavery similar or different from the encomienda system or indentured servitude?
Given that slavery was a terrible institution, were all slaves treated equally throughout the colonies?
What's the difference between the gang system and task system?
How did slaves resist?
In the seventeenth century, Virginia lawmakers passed a series of statutes that transformed a mixed labor system into a fully racialized, hereditary institution of slavery. Between 1643 and 1705, these laws codified racial distinctions, tied enslaved status to the mother, restricted interracial relations, and defined enslaved people as property, creating the foundation of racial slavery in British North America.
"Day-to-day resistance" was the most common form of opposition to slavery. Breaking tools, feigning illness, staging slowdowns, and committing acts of arson and sabotage--all were forms of resistance and expression of slaves' alienation from their masters (source).
Resistance to slavery can be categorized as either overt or covert.
Day-to-day resistance
Runaway and escape --> maroon communities
Violent defense --> Stono Rebellion 1739