The process of science involves inquiry (questioning) your surroundings. In order to do this a scientist must make good observations.
Inference - Claims made in the present based on observations.
Prediction - What you think will happen in the future.
Observation - Information attained through your sences
Qualitative Observations - Describe without using numbers (Example:The geese have black and white feathers).
Quantitative Observations - Describe using numbers (Example: there are 17 geese out on the lake)
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