The Olbano language (Okaraito, pronounced 'oh-kah-'rye-tuh) is a language spoken primarily in the country Olbania. It is a Japonic language formed around the 8th century in what is now the Nipokiyo-Olbania region. Olbano was originally much more Prykordon and Nipokiyan influenced until the invasion of Lenstruyna around the 1800s had English become an even bigger influence to the languages' rules and alphabet. Nowadays, its own influence is much more widespread, and Olbano is an official language in 2 continents and 8 countries, with dozens of dialects across the entire world.
Table of contents:
Labu'ku Jōshita
Okarinui
Olbano’s alphabet uses the Latin alphabet with a few extra things. Olbano doesn’t use the letters X or Q however, and instead has ͽ - the ‘kh’ sound - which is used as a substitute. Additionally, for the letter S, it is written as ʃ; however, modern-day Olbano speakers, especially on the internet, often just use S due to it being easier to look at.
Ulajésalne
The letter and pronunciation system within Olbano is very strict; one letter's pronunciation often stays the same regardless of where it's placed in a word. One increasingly common exception is with the letters O and Ō, where words starting or ending with O, like Okaraitola or ko, will sometimes be pronounced as if they were starting/ending with Ō. Ō was also originally introduced into the alphabet as merely an indicator for the long O sound. Olbano also has no silent consonants. An English word like “gnat” would be said with the G in Olbano.
Tone is also very important to Olbano. There are "tone modifier" words that can be added to the end of sentences, such as the word muanab to sound more polite or soft, or rovkai to sound angry or accusatory; though this is not used often anymore and is much more used in informal writing than when formally or informally speaking.
Labu'ku Viigakun
Olbano has the typical rules of English, and has the same word order, subject–verb–object (SVO). For example, the phrase “Sam eats apples” in Olbano is Sam jojikun namesitan, but the word order is the same - jojikun = eats and namesitan = apples. The literal translation would still be “Sam eats apples.”
Olbano has past, present, and future verb tenses, and nouns are not gendered. There are words like man and woman, but nouns do not change depending on the gender of the person who says them. Additionally, Olbano does not have gendered third-person pronouns, only singular (ōsii) and plural (teji).
Suffixes like -ly and -est will always be the same when added to words and will usually replace the last letter of that word, e.g. bina (fine) becomes binzy (finest). Common suffixes are -iin (-ed), -e (-er), -an (-ing), -zy (-est) and -o (-ly). It should be noted that words ending in -ly are equivalent to the suffix -like and will be literally translated as that, for example, "beastly" (ku’moroo) would become beast-like.
Respect and family are huge things in Olban culture as well. There are formal, semi-formal, and casual forms of all nouns and some verbs; and special titles are often used for those appropriate. Even for families, family members are often referred to with a title. For example, sons call their fathers Fotaruku [name], meaning father [name], and fathers will call their sons Zabo [name]. Lastly, non-Olban names are translated to their Olbano versions and typically Olban families will call each other by their Olbano names along with their titles. Examples would be “Alex” turning into Aleͽ (Alekh), “Gabriella” turning into Gabriєlé (Gabriyela), “Toby” turning into Tōbi, and so on and so forth. This can also apply to historically Olbano names that have been Anglicized, such as “Varilynn,” which would be Farlin.
A sentence written in 3 different forms in Olbano to showcase the difference between semi-formal, formal, and informal forms of words and sentences.
Honaͽiku
1300s Olbano translation of "Praying of Daniel the Immured." romanized: "Slov a tójalaẓatošenika Dánila inori'spakhó vulódmrashu fálra."
In its earliest form, Olbano was believed to be a dialect of Nipokiyan. It was a mix of Nipokiyan and a now extinct language spoken by mountain goats called Nkabaaya. This dialect was quite simplistic, and not many spoke it since Nipokiyan and Nkabaaya were much more widespread. Pretty much the only remnants of this language in modern Olbano is the letter Ͽ and a few words such as maekéjez ("goat"). This changed around the 13th century with the Kabirozd, animals from Prykordonne who migrated to Olbania. The language became much more Prykordon-influenced. This also led to the alphabet changing; while it still contained a lot of its original letters, it also quickly became something almost completely different, especially the closer to Prykordon certain populations got. By the 1300s the language also saw influence from Old English with the letters Þ and ſ. This led to more Olban migration and a loss of speakers of the language, however it didn't effect the language enough for it to go extinct.
The Olbano language saw another big sudden change around the early 1800s with the invasion of Lenstruyna. The Lenstruynians colonized the Olbans, forcing them to use their language systems. The Olbans had to quickly adapt to this, and so, by mid-1840, the language almost completely adopted the Latin alphabet and rules. Its word structure had also changed from SOV to SVO because of this. The name 'Olbano' also saw its first ever usage around these times, replacing the original term "Kabiro." With the amount of mixing and mingling of languages, Olbano also ended up becoming more of it's own thing in this process. It is this mesh of other languages that ended up making Olbano what it is today, a very unique language that became very different from its Nipokiyan origins.
By the 1800s, the Olbano alphabet started using more and more of the Latin alphabet letters.
Narodzhe
Olbano originally started as a conlang called Okaino by my friend EvilHermit/Boggi Graal, around 2017. It was started as a sister language to his other conlang, Taqu'alish, a mix of Japanese and English. Taqu'alish and Okaino ended up being both abandoned around the early 2020s, but around 2023 I asked him if I could use Okaino and his other conlangs (including Eskrian, another very good one) though I had changed the name to Olbano. Once approved, I eventually got to making Olbano more of its own thing by adding new words and changing existing ones. Fast forward to today and now this is what Olbano is! I owe a lot to EvilHermit, Okaino is the reason Olbano even exists today and I am very grateful to him for allowing me to use it and eventually make it my own! Go check him out!
Hon'yakusha
View the translator for Olbano below! Do note it is heavily a work in progress and a lot of words might not work yet.