research

Our Research Architecture

Our work is driven by a simple but transformative realization:

Electronics are no longer confined to rigid devices performing isolated tasks. They are increasingly embedded within dynamic environments—biological, physical, and societal.

To operate meaningfully within these environments, electronic systems must evolve.

They must not only function—but adapt, respond, and persist.

Our research is focused on enabling this transition.

From Devices to Adaptive Systems

For decades, electronic systems have been:

• rigid in form

• fixed in function

• centrally fabricated

• and ultimately disposable

This model is increasingly misaligned with the environments they are meant to serve.

We are advancing a new class of systems that:

• adapt their form and function in real time

• integrate seamlessly with biological and physical systems

• operate in closed loops—continuously sensing, deciding, and acting

• regenerate and persist beyond conventional failure

• and can be created, repaired, and reconfigured on demand

This shift defines the foundation of our research.

Our Approach

Our work builds upon complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology as a foundational platform, while extending it into new domains through:

• advanced materials (from silicon to emerging nano- and bio-compatible systems)

• novel device architectures

• heterogeneous and 3D integration

• additive and distributed manufacturing

• and system-level co-design with artificial intelligence

This integration allows us to move beyond traditional boundaries between materials, devices, and systems.

Core Research Directions

Adaptive & Reconfigurable Systems

We develop electronic systems that can change their shape, structure, and functionality in response to their environment.

This includes flexible, stretchable, and reconfigurable platforms that overcome the fundamental mismatch between rigid electronics and dynamic, irregular surfaces—particularly in biological systems.

These systems enable electronics to move from static objects to physically adaptive entities.

Bio-Integrated Sensing & Intelligence

We create platforms for continuous, non-invasive interaction with biological systems.

By leveraging multimodal sensing—including thermal, mechanical, chemical, and biochemical signals—we enable real-time understanding of physiological states.

These systems transform biological signals into continuous streams of actionable information, opening pathways for personalized and predictive healthcare.

Closed-Loop Autonomous Systems

We move beyond sensing toward systems that can decide and act.

By integrating sensing, computation, and actuation, we develop closed-loop systems capable of real-time intervention.

These systems are designed to operate with minimal human intervention, enabling rapid response in healthcare, environmental monitoring, and mission-critical applications.

Regenerative & Distributed Electronics

We challenge the traditional lifecycle of electronics.

Instead of systems that are fabricated once and discarded after failure, we explore:

• on-demand fabrication

• self-healing materials

• reconfigurable architectures

• and circular reuse strategies

This enables electronics that can be created, repaired, and repurposed dynamically, extending their functional lifetime and accessibility.

Resilient & Scalable Systems

Our work extends across scales—from the human body to large-scale environments.

We design systems capable of operating in:

• extreme conditions

• distributed infrastructures

• and complex ecosystems

This includes applications in agriculture, environmental monitoring, and beyond, where systems must operate reliably under uncertainty and variability.

Advancing Nanoelectronics for Smart Living

Our foundational contributions in nanoelectronics continue to drive this vision.

We have demonstrated:

• Nanotube-based devices enabling high-performance, energy-efficient charge transport across multiple material systems

• Wavy transistor architectures that enhance current density without increasing footprint

• Flexible 3D integrated circuits for soft, autonomous, and wireless neural interfaces

These innovations provide the building blocks for integrating high-performance electronics into unconventional environments.

Free-Form Electronics for a Sustainable Future

We explore electronic systems that are no longer constrained by traditional form factors.

Examples include:

• reconfigurable 4D electronic systems that adapt their geometry to user needs

• thermal and therapeutic patches that conform to the human body for targeted treatment

• dissolvable electronic systems for transient biomedical and environmental applications

• embedded electronics within 3D-printed structures

• smart textiles integrating sensing, energy, and adaptive functionality

By leveraging low-cost, recyclable materials, we also develop multi-sensory platforms capable of simultaneously measuring temperature, pressure, strain, humidity, light, sound, and biochemical signals.

Democratizing Electronics

A central theme of our work is accessibility.

We believe electronics should be:

• affordable

• easy to learn

• simple to deploy

• and broadly available

Through advances in materials, manufacturing, and system design, we aim to enable a future where electronic systems can be developed and utilized by a much wider community.

Looking Forward

As the boundaries between physical systems, biological systems, and digital intelligence continue to blur, electronics will play an increasingly central role.

Not as isolated devices.

But as systems that:

• sense continuously

• respond intelligently

• adapt dynamically

• and persist over time

Closing Statement

We believe the future of electronics lies not in improving individual devices—but in redefining how systems exist.

That is what we are building.