Сайт учителя английского и французского языков Г.Ю.Плетюхиной

лексика грамматика

№1

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Global Language

It is difficult to tell exactly how many languages there are in the world today. 11__________________ say there are about 2,700 languages, but no one has ever made a more definite count.

SCIENCE

In most countries there are at least two native languages, and in some cases — as in Cameroon — there are hundreds. The number of languages _12_________________ changes as tribes die out or linguistic groups are absorbed.

NATURAL

Nowadays, globalization influences the 13__________________ of languages. New words appear, existing words acquire new meanings, native words give way to international terms.

DEVELOP

Almost all languages change. A rare exception is written Icelandic, which has changed so little that14 __________________ of modern Icelandic can read sagas written a thousand years ago.

SPEAK

If you drew a map of Europe based on languages, it would be different from a conventional map. For example, Switzerland would practically15 __________________, becoming part of the surrounding areas of French, Italian, and German.

APPEAR

Italy, too, would appear on the map not as one language, but as a whole 16__________________ of broadly related but often mutually incomprehensible dialects.

VARY

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The world’s language

The English language is famous for the richness of its vocabulary. Webster’s New International Dictionary lists 450,000 words, and the new Oxford English Dictionary has 615,000, but that is only part of the total. Technical and _11_________________ terms would add millions more.

SCIENCE

The wealth of existing synonyms means that 12__________________ of English have two words for something denoted by one word in a different language. The French, for instance, do not distinguish between house and home, between mind and brain. The Spanish cannot differentiate a chairman from a president.

SPEAK

In Russia, there are no native words for efficiency, challenge and engagement ring. Of course, every language has areas in which it needs, for 13__________________ purposes, to be more expressive than others.

PRACTICE

The Eskimos have fifty words for types of snow, though there is no word for just plain snow. 14__________________, African languages have no native word for snow.

NATURAL

Nowadays, globalization influences the _15_________________ of languages.

DEVELOP

Some native words 16__________________, giving way to international terms.

APPEAR

№3

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The legends of ancient Greece tell us about the half man-half bull called the Minotaur. People were afraid of this strange and terrible beast _4_________________ in a deep, dark Labyrinth on the island of Crete.

LIVE

The Labyrinth 5__________________ by the cunning and ingenious mind of Daedalus.

DESIGN

Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor – in fact, he was so brilliant that King Minos of Crete _6_________________ to let him go back to his home in Athens.

NOT WANT

Instead, he 7__________________ him as a prisoner.

KEEP

Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even 8__________________ than they already were.

POWERFUL

Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort that they 9__________________ ask for, the father longed to return home to Athens. Icarus hardly remembered his city, but he too wanted to leave, because he longed to run and play in the open, rather than be in a tower all day.

CAN

Daedalus looked out over the waves of the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they would not be able to sail far. One of King Minos’s _10_________________ would spot and catch them very soon.

SEAMAN

№4

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Among the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal

e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called __4________________.

A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and 5__________________ home late in the evening.

COME

The _6_________________ moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call.

BAD

7__________________, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn't missed the exam.

LATE

Machu Picchu, often called "The Lost City of the Incas", is probably the most famous symbol of the Incan Empire. Machu Picchu is situated 7,875 _8_________________ above sea level in Peru.

FOOT

Machu Picchu _9_________________ around the year 1460 by the Inca as a secret ceremonial city, very well hidden and protected.

BUILD

The ruins of Machu Picchu were rediscovered in 1911 by an American archaeologist. Since then, Machu Picchu _10_________________ an important tourist attraction. Thousands of visitors come here every year to admire its wonders.

BECOME

№5

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Following a recent renovation, the new Hancock Observatory invites you to enjoy Chicago’s best views from the city’s highest open-air Skywalk. It has quickly gained _11_________________ with both Chicagoans and visitors of the city.

POPULAR

Skywalk is Chicago’s highest open-air viewing area. It is 1,000 feet in the air! Everyone here can feel the strong wind and hear the dynamic buzz of the city below. The friendly staff will _12_________________ tell the real story behind Chicago’s “Windy City” nickname.

CERTAIN

For those who feel _13_________________ about such a great height there are more relaxing indoor audio Sky Tours.

COMFORT

These 30-minute personal audio tours give a unique “overview” of Chicago’s wonderful sights and _14_________________ history! Sky Tours are available in English, Spanish and German.

REMARK

History Wall is another popular _15_________________. More than 100 photos on a great 80-foot display show Chicago’s rise from a small settlement to a great city.

ATTRACT

As a tour guide I have been to the Skywalk _16_________________ times and still I can't help admiring it.

COUNT

№6

Ray Bradbury

Ray Douglas Bradbury is a US writer of fantasy, horror, science fiction and mystery. He is _11_________________ considered to be one of the 20^th century’s greatest and most popular writers of science fiction.

WIDE

His works have been translated into more than 40 languages and have sold tens of millions of copies in different countries. His _12_________________ continues in the 21st century.

POPULAR

During his long writing career, Bradbury has written almost 600 short stories, eleven novels, as well as __13________________ poems and plays.

VARY

He first became famous for his Martian Chronicles, a collection of short stories concerning colonization of the planet Mars. In it, Bradbury portrayed the strengths and _14_________________ of human beings as they encountered a new world.

WEAK

Bradbury won __15________________ literary awards, the most important of them coming from the National Institute of Arts and Letters.

COUNT

Millions of science fiction readers all over the world are grateful to Ray Bradbury for his outstanding _16_________________ in the field of fantasy and science fiction.

ACHIEVE

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Christmas

Christmas is the most important annual festival in both Britain and North America. In its origins, it combines the Christian _11_________________ of the birth of Christ, on 25 December, with the ancient tradition of a winter feast during the darkest period of the year.

CELEBRATE

Christmas carols – a special kind of religious songs – are an important part of it. You may hear them ___12_______________ times over the radio but it is quite different when you listen to people sing carols around you in church.

COUNT

At this time, too, many carol _13_________________make door-to-door visits to people at home, collecting money for this or that charity.

SING

Many weeks before Christmas, shops start selling __14________________ Christmas cards and Christmas gifts.

VARY

Shop __15________________ decorate their shops with holly, mistletoe, candles and colourful paper chains and lanterns.

OWN

All kinds of traditional Christmas food are also _16_________________ available.

WIDE

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Animals

The importance of animals in British life is reflected in many ways. In the past, landowners liked to be portrayed with their dogs and horses. _11_________________ pictures of this kind can be seen in art galleries and private residences.

COUNT

Animals are __12________________ used in advertising in magazines and on television.

WIDE

The Royal Society for the __13________________ of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) is one of the largest charities in Britain.

PREVENT

RSPCA is a part of a more general _14_________________ in support of animal rights that has emerged recently in Britain and the USA.

MOVE

Animal rights organizations use _15_________________ tactics: picketing stores that sell furs, harassing hunters in the wild, or breaking into laboratories to free animals.

VARY

Their main aim is to ban the cruel treatment and killing of animals both in laboratory experiments and in factory farming. The irresponsible and neglectful treatment of animals by some zoo and pet _16_________________ is also their concern.

OWN

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Why do we sleep?

A recent study may have an answer to one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in science - what is the purpose of sleep? The work suggests it’s _11_________________ about making animals function more efficiently in their environments.

REAL

12__________________ from the University of California, Los Angeles, conducted a study of the sleep times of a broad range of animals. They discovered much variation.

SCIENCE

You may think it _13_________________ but some migrating birds can fly non-stop for up to 90 hours.

POSSIBLE

Pythons and bats are among the longest __14________________ at over 18 hours a day.

SLEEP

Human babies need 16 hours and their health and intellectual _15_________________ depend on sleeping properly.

DEVELOP

Most of us probably feel we need around eight hours sleep to function well. Some people have __16________________ in getting enough sleep and this may lead to serious health problems.

DIFFICULT

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Future population

The United Nations (UN) has published its prediction about the size and age of the world’s population three hundred years from now. This report can help environmental _11_________________ and policy-makers to understand dramatic changes in the world’s population in the future.

SCIENCE

The report suggests that if the birth rates stay the same, there’ll be a huge expansion of the __12________________ population.

GLOBE

You may think it _13_________________ but three centuries from now there may be over one hundred and thirty trillion people.

POSSIBLE

The report says that the world’s population is likely to be __14________________ older. The average age will be fifty while today it is twenty six.

SIGNIFICANT

Almost a quarter of all the _15_________________ of the planet will live in Africa.

INHABIT

16__________________ think that India, China and the United States will continue to be countries with the biggest population.

RESEARCH

№11

Secret of the Sahara

This is a story about a strange discovery made in the great Sahara Desert. In 1933 a French officer_4_________________ in the Sahara through a deep canyon in a mountain range where no other European had ever been.

RIDE

Suddenly he saw that the walls of the canyon_5_________________ with age-old carvings and paintings of strange unknown animals.

COVER

News of the discovery soon _6_________________ many experts of all kinds to the place.

BRING

Dinosaur Facts

Dinosaurs lived on our planet millions of years ago. Some of them were very big. Now only their giant bones and footprints _7_________________.

FIND

Millions of years ago, the world did not look like it does today. Many of the animals that walked the land had bodies low to the ground and legs on the sides of their bodies. As time passed, the land changed. The animals changed too. Some of the animals now had legs under their bodies. They moved _8_________________ than the other animals.

FAST

9__________________ new animals were the first dinosaurs. They came in all sizes. Some were about 75 feet long.

THIS

The dinosaurs all died about 65 million years ago. Some people think that it got too cold for the dinosaurs. Other people think the dinosaurs _10_________________ find enough food to eat. Still, no one is sure why the dinosaurs all died.

NOT CAN

№12

Tourism in Britain

Tourism is already Britain’s fifth most important industry and it is also the fifth largest tourist industry in the world. It’s growing _11_________________: the number of people employed in the industry increased by more than 50,000 a year.

RAPID

Britain has a rich and varied cultural heritage. __12________________ royal ceremonies attract millions of visitors each year.

COLOUR

London has an international reputation for its historic sites, museums and famous institutions. A city of infinite colour and _13__________________, London is both historic and unceasingly modern, at the forefront of fashion, music and art.

VARY

Historic cities such as Oxford, Cambridge and Bath are visited by large numbers of_14_________________.

FOREIGN

People who travel to Scotland, the Lake District and other areas of upland Britain find unique _15________________ places and scenery which can vary over short distances.

EXCITE

Some of the most popular_16________________ outside London are the Jorvik Viking Centre in York, the Tudor ship in Portsmouth and National museum of Photography in Bradford.

ATTRACT

№13

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Leaving School at Sixteen

In Britain many young people decide to leave school at the age of 16 and go to a Further Education College. Here most of the courses 4__________________ to some kind of practical vocational training in engineering, typing, cooking, etc .

LINK

Some 16-year-olds leave school but cannot find work. At the same time they _5_________________ to go to college.

NOT WANT

For them the British government _6_________________ the Young Opportunities Scheme. This scheme places young people with a firm or a factory for 6 months and pays them a small wage.

INTRODUCE

Spectators at the Ancient Olympic Games

Nowadays people all over the world can watch the Olympics on TV or listen to the sports news over the radio. They _7_________________ to travel to Greece or any other country to see the sports competition.

NOT HAVE

In ancient times, the Olympic festival _8_________________ huge numbers of visitors to Olympia.

BRING

They came from all over the Greek world, from Greek colonies in Italy, Turkey, Egypt and Ukraine. There were so many visitors that _9_________________ people had to sleep outside, under the stars.

MANY

Foreigners _10_________________ Greece had a warm welcome.

VISIT

№14

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Wild Animal Park

The wide, wild world of animals interests many people. But, as civilizations crowd animals out of their natural habitats, _11_________________ and concerned citizens ask, “What is going to happen to animals?”

SCIENCE

One place that has pioneered research in the _12_________________ of rare animals is the Wild Animal Park of San Diego, California. Its special concern is endangered species.

CONSERVE

Although people can visit the Park, it is a 720-hectar preserve where animals walk _13_________________. Many people have a unique opportunity to take photos of rare wild animals in their natural environment.

FREE

People all over the world have helped with the _14_________________ of the Park. It was planned in 1959; it was opened in 1972. So it took 13 years to build it.

DEVELOP

Divided into__15______________ sections, the Park has areas similar to the animals’ natural habitats in Africa and Asia.

GEOGRAPHY

Since the Wild Animal Park opened, it has become famous for its captive breeding work. More than 86 per cent of animals born in the park survive. Many _16________________ travel to California to watch wildlife and enjoy beautiful nature.

FOREIGN

№15

How old is Coca-Cola?

Do you know how old this popular drink is? In 1886 a chemist from Atlanta, John Pemberton, __4________________ a syrup from cola-nut extract, cocoa leaves, some vegetable extracts, caffeine, and sugar.

MAKE

He ran the _5_________________ advertisement for the beverage on May 29 of the same year in the Atlanta Journal.

ONE

He started _6_________________ the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore.

SERVE

That’s how the world famous drink _7_________________.

INVENT

College life

We are a family of five. My _8_________________ sister, Heather, is in her second year in college. This year she could not find a book she needed.

OLD

When the professor assigned reading from a hard-to-find book, 150 hands shot in the air to inform him they _9_________________ it. He told them it had arrived at the bookstore that morning.

NOT HAVE

When the class was over, Heather sprinted to the bookstore, grabbed a copy and rushed to the cashier. The cashier saw Heather and began ringing the bell for assistance, a look of panic on her face. “How many 10__________________ there behind you?” she demanded.

№16

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Chemistry or no chemistry

I was planning a career in biology but was not looking forward to taking chemistry in my first year at Carleton University in Ottawa. However, the professor of chemistry was a famous __11________________.

SCIENCE

He made the course interesting with his many small _12_________________ explosions and crazy quizzes.

CHEMISTRY

Once, he posed the question: “What in the world isn't chemistry?” and offered a prize to the student who answered _13_________________.

CORRECT

A couple of weeks passed. __14________________, he announced in class that the contest was over. A student had gone to his office to ask if she could try her hand at the question. “What in the world isn't chemistry?” she asked.

FINAL

“My _15_________________ with my last boyfriend – that wasn't chemistry.”

RELATION

By default, she became the _16_________________.

WIN

№17

Kid inventions

Becky Schroeder was only 10 years old when she came up with the idea of the glo-paper. Two years__4________________, in 1974, her invention was patented.

LATE

She became the __5________________ female to ever receive a patent in the United States.

YOUNG

The idea came to her when she tried to do her homework in the family car, while her mother shopped for groceries. It _6_________________ dark gradually, and she couldn’t see her notebook very well.

GET

She _7_________________a flashlight and imagined how nice it would be to have a paper that glows in the dark and allows you to write effortlessly without light. A year of research and experiment and she did it!

NOT HAVE

A white flag

It’s always a problem for me to find my car in a huge parking lot. After reading an article with a piece of advice for people like me, I decided to follow it one day. I attached a tissue to the car’s antenna with a rubber band. The little white flag waving in the breeze _8_________________to help me spot my car easily.

SUPPOSE

So I went _9_________________ .

SHOP

When I _10_________________ out, I quickly spotted a little white flag … and about ten others.

COME

№18

Morse Code

Before phones, computers, and telegraphs were invented, messages would take months or even years to reach their destination. Samuel Morse was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, in April 1791, not knowing that he would be a famous _11_________________.

INVENT

Since the age of four, Morse had been interested in _12_________________ and he wanted to become a painter. Mr. and Mrs. Morse were afraid that he couldn't make a living as a painter, so they made him a bookseller. He worked as a bookseller but at night he would paint.

DRAW

13__________________, his parents realized how he loved art, so they found the money for Morse to study art in London.

FINAL

After a _14_________________ artistic career (first painting historical scenes and then portraits), Morse built the first American telegraph around 1835.

SUCCESS

Morse patented a working telegraph machine in 1837, with help from his _15_________________ partners, Leonard Gale and Alfred Vail.

BUSY

Morse used a dots-and-spaces code for the letters of the alphabet and for numbers. It was later improved to use dashes with dots and spaces. Since then, it has proved its _16_________________ many times.

EFFECTIVE

№19

Can fish hear?

To divers, the underwater world is silent, and we call the ocean the “silent deep.” But to a fish, the underwater world isn’t silent at all. Fish can “hear” other fish __4________________ through the water.

MOVE

Fish _5_________________ ears, but they do have a structure inside their head that is very much like our own inner ear.

NOT HAVE

This structure is sensitive to vibrations in the water, _6_________________ by other fish.

MAKE

Research _7_________________ that some fish are sensitive to ordinary sounds, too. Catfish can probably hear everything we hear!

SHOW

The White House

The White House, in Washington, DC, is one of the world’s most recognized buildings. It is the home of the president of the United States. The original house _8_________________ in the 1790s.

BUILD

It was burnt down in 1814, and rebuilt __9________________.

LATE

Since then, various presidents 10__________________changes to it over the years. The White House has 132 rooms, including the President’s Oval Office.

MAKE

№20

Great Britain at the 2012 London Olympics

This is certainly the greatest Games for Britain in more than a century, and realistically the greatest ever. The British were more _11_________________ only once in 1908, in London, when a third of all the competitors were from the UK.

SUCCESS

Gold medals came from 13 different sports as several made __12________________ breakthroughs, including in canoe slalom, road cycling, triathlon and taekwondo.

IMPRESS

13__________________, however, brought no gold medals in the Aquatics Centre.

SWIM

They won just one silver and two bronze medals and a review was launched into their _14_________________.

TRAIN

Optimists may also conclude from London 2012 that the British team came within a whisker of at least five or six more Olympic titles. However, nobody can _15_________________ suggest second place for the UK at the next Olympics.

SERIOUS

If funding levels are maintained and progress continues for the next four years, the defense of third place could be a realistic _16_________________.

EXPECT

№21

Alaska flag

Do you know any kids’ inventions? One of them is 13-year-old Bennie Benson from the USA, who designed the state flag of Alaska in 1926. His design _4_________________in a flag-designing contest.

CHOOSE

5__________________, in 1959, it became the official flag of Alaska. The blue background is for the sky and the forget-me-not, the state flower.

LATE

The flag also has the Big Dipper (a symbol of strength) and the North Star (also _6_________________ Polaris), which represents Alaska's northern location.

CALL

For a prize Bennie _7_________________ a $1000 scholarship and a watch.

WIN

Camping

This year we decided to go on a camping trip. It was our _8_________________ experience.

ONE

We started _9_________________ a month before the trip.

PACK

When our neighbor saw the assortment of boxes, bins and gear strapped to our car’s roof rack, she came rushing over. “Oh!” she exclaimed. “I _10_________________ you were leaving! I’m so glad I got to see you before you moved!”

NOT KNOW

№22

Famous inventions stories

Have you ever wondered how the most famous inventions were created? From the _11_________________ of time, humans everywhere have been inventing.

BEGIN

By looking into our past and bringing invention stories to life, we are all reminded that regular people, like you and me, were able to come up with _12_________________ ideas that ended up having a great impact.

SUCCESS

Knowing the past can help you create the future. If you are looking for invention inspiration, background for an _13_________________ project, or just have a curious mind – read about famous inventions. The stories of great inventions are fascinating.

EDUCATION

Some great inventions were created __14________________ by mistake, others by trial and error.

SIMPLE

Some _15_________________ of the most well-known products have incredible stories of innovation to tell.

INVENT

Some of them were not aware at the time of their inventions that their _16_________________ would have a great impact on the world, while others realised immediately that they had a winner.

CREATE

№23

What country has no rivers?

Hard to believe it, but there is such a country! Libya _4_________________ in North Africa and borders on the Mediterranean Sea.

LOCATE

It’s the _5_________________ largest country on Earth. But more than 90 percent of Libya is desert, and there’s not a single permanent river in Libya!

FIFTEEN

This huge country, more than four times the size of California, has a _6_________________ population than a number of cities in California.

SMALL

Libya __7________________ an independent nation in 1951.

BECOME

A lesson on efficiency

I remember my last year at school very well. There were three boys _8_________________ William in my class.

NAME

Miss Fisher, one of the teachers, called them all William, and we _9_________________ which one she was talking to.

NOT KNOW

One day, during a lesson on efficiency, she thundered, “William, put that gum you _10_________________ in the wastepaper bin at once!” All three of them started to rise, paused, then walked to the front of the class to dispose of their gum. The teacher beamed. “Three for one! Now that's efficiency.”

CHEW

№24

When was the parachute invented?

Have you ever felt like jumping out of a plane? Plenty of people have, but _11_________________ most of them did it after parachutes had been invented.

THANKFUL

Leonardo da Vinci made the first real studies of flight in the 1480s. He had over 100 __12________________ that illustrated his theories on flight.

DRAW

He designed a parachute in the 1480s, though he didn’t try it out. Another _13_________________ , Faust Vrande, jumped using a similar design in 1617.

INVENT

In 1783, around the same time as the first hot-air balloon, Sebastien Lenormand invented a parachute, which he demonstrated by jumping from a tree, but it was only four meters high. A few years later, having refined his design, he made a _14_________________ jump from a taller tower.

SUCCESS

In 1785, Jean Pierre Blanchard used a dog to test his parachute design. The dog was fine, and so was Blanchard when he used the parachute in 1793 to escape a balloon accident. These early parachutes didn’t catch on because there weren’t any flying machines around to make them __15________________ useful.

REAL

The invention of airplanes has made parachutes important. Since then, their _16_________________ has been proved many times.

EFFECTIVE

№25

Zanzibar history

In 1896, Said Khalid seized power in Zanzibar. A British fleet soon arrived at the port of Zanzibar and ordered him out of the royal palace. Khalid refused to leave. At 9:02 on the morning of August 27, British ships started a fire on the palace, __4________________ a war between Britain and Zanzibar.

BEGIN

The palace _5_________________very quickly. At 9:40 that morning, Said Khalid surrendered and the war ended.

DESTROY

This “war” was the _6_________________ in history. It lasted a total of 38 minutes!

SHORT

The British _7_________________ requested money from the people of Zanzibar to pay for the shells the British warships had used to win the war.

LATE

A palace with 1,300 rooms

It was King Louis XIV of France who ordered a palace with 1,300 rooms in the 1600s. Louis wanted a bigger palace than any other king. In 1661, the French started _8_________________ this new palace.

BUILD

It was located at a place outside Paris, __9________________ Versailles.

CALL

It had to be big – Louis’s court had 20,000 people, and Versailles _10_________________ the centre of court life.

BECOME

№26

2012 London Olympics

How has London 2012 changed the sporting map of the world? The United States won the highest number of gold medals and the most medals in total, with China dropping to second place on the medals table after unprecedented _11_________________ at their home Olympics in Beijing four years ago.

DOMINATE

The third place for Great Britain exceeded all _12_________________.

EXPECT

Previously, 2008 Beijing Olympics were considered the most _13_________________ for the British with only the fourth place.

SUCCESS

In 2008, Russia took the third place. This year, Russia fell out of the top three _14_________________ for the first time since the end of the Soviet era.

WIN

South Korea improved to the fifth, their best finish since hosting the Games in Seoul 24 years ago. For Australia it was a _15_________________ miserable Olympics, where it took the tenth place.

COMPARATIVE

It was their worst __16________________ in two decades.

PERFORM

№27

The invention of video games

Do you know the story behind the invention of video games? Here is the story of the _4_________________ video game.

ONE

If you __5________________ this article in 2013, you probably imagine video games as we know them now. Nowadays we are used to online games full of colour and action.

READ

However, the story about the invention of video games dates back to the 1940s and to a patent registered by the US patent office. The invention patent 6__________________: “The cathode ray tube amusement.”

CALL

It was very primitive by today’s standards but has given the inspiration for many video games created _7_________________.

LATE

Grandma

My grandma often comes to us to babysit my sister, Ann. Yesterday she was tired after a full day of looking after an active five-year-old, but she _8_________________ to upset Ann and agreed to play ball in the backyard after supper.

NOT WANT

After 5 minutes, she _9_________________ down on a patio chair and said, “Grandma is too old for this.”

SIT

Ann came over, put her arm around Grandma’s neck and said, “Grandma, I wish you _10_________________ newer.”

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Cyberspace communication

Nowadays most of us go to our computers to connect with friends instead of using our phones. Cyberspace relationships have become the norm for many people, even the most _11_________________ ones.

CONSERVE

The convenience and _12_________________ of the Web is amazing. If we want to see a movie, find a place to eat or get in touch with a friend, we go to the Web before we call on the phone.

EFFECTIVE

Critics, however, say that cyberspace communication loses some important factors of the social atmosphere. Most Web _13_________________ don’t understand that when we talk to someone, we get many messages from them just by their tone of voice and body language.

USE

A tender _14_________________ and eye contact cannot possibly be experienced over the Internet.

EXPRESS

As with anything we do, without regular practice the act can become unfamiliar and__15________________.

COMFORT

There is a possibility that much can be _16_________________lost when we communicate via the Internet.

REAL

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The popsicle

Not all new things are created by wise old scientists. Frank Epperson invented the popsicle, fruit ice cream without milk, in 1905 when he was only 11 years old. Frank _4_________________ his drink outside on the porch overnight with the stir stick in it.

LEAVE

That night the temperature dropped and froze things, _5_________________ Frank's drink. That didn't stop him from tasting it.

INCLUDE

18 years _6_________________ Frank started his business.

LATE

Just over 1 billion popsicles _7_________________ in the US each year. Out of the 30 flavors to choose from, orange has been the favorite for many years.

EAT

Mother's Day

We are a family of four: my mom, my dad, my brother and I. One morning my dad started _8_________________ breakfast.

COOK

Ben, my _9_________________ brother, asked him: "Why are you making Mommy breakfast? Is she sick?"

YOUNG

"No, dear," replied her father, "it's Mother's Day." Immediately the boy had another question. "Oh," he said, "then _10_________________ every other day Father's Day?"

№30

History of animated cartoons

Cartoon animation has a long history. A cartoon is made by drawing many pictures and showing them one after another so quickly that the pictures _11_________________ seem to move. The most prominent of animated cartoons were made by Walt Disney.

FINAL

Walt Disney, the _12_________________ of Mickey Mouse, is a legend of the 20th century.

CREATE

He invented the special camera which was used in his studios during the thirties and forties to create _13_________________ animated pictures.

ORIGIN

Through his work he brought joy, _14_________________, and a universal means of communication.

HAPPY

Walt Disney’s worldwide _15_________________ is based upon the ideas his name represents: imagination, optimism, and self-made success in the American tradition.

POPULAR

Today moving images are created with the help of computers. The first fully computer-animated feature film, “Toy Story”, was very _16_________________ and since then almost all animated cartoon films have moved to computer graphics, including films such as the "Shrek" series.

SUCCESS

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