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When you recognise a willow and can act like someone who recognises it,
and when you don't recognise a willow and can acknowledge that you don't recognise it,
that is knowledge.
(Free from Confucius)
Salix cinerea with mixed catkins!
1 twig with a male catkin, the other twigs with female catkins.
Sighting by Luc Devos - Joke Vanzandweghe 17-04-2023
Contents
Contents
Home page Willow Explorers
Home page Willow Explorers
Glossary
Glossary
Determining willows
Determining willows
Notable Characteristics
Notable Characteristics
Species list
Species list
Characteristic 1 Frosted branches
Characteristic 1 Frosted branches
Characteristic 2 Flaking bark
Characteristic 2 Flaking bark
Characteristic 2 Flaking bark (continued)
Characteristic 2 Flaking bark (continued)
Characteristic 3 Weeping branches
Characteristic 3 Weeping branches
Characteristic 4 Winding twigs
Characteristic 4 Winding twigs
Characteristic 5 Low-growing bushes and small leaves
Characteristic 5 Low-growing bushes and small leaves
Characteristic 6 Diamond-shaped lenticels
Characteristic 6 Diamond-shaped lenticels
Characteristic 6 Diamond-shaped lenticels (continued)
Characteristic 6 Diamond-shaped lenticels (continued)
Characteristic 7 Broad leaves with grey upper and/or lower hairs
Characteristic 7 Broad leaves with grey upper and/or lower hairs
Characteristic 8 Leaves with an unmistakable very bitter taste
Characteristic 8 Leaves with an unmistakable very bitter taste
Characteristic 9 Shrub with twigs that are very flattened here and there (fasciation), sometimes bent over
Characteristic 9 Shrub with twigs that are very flattened here and there (fasciation), sometimes bent over
Characteristic 10 Shrub or small tree with shiny leaves
Characteristic 10 Shrub or small tree with shiny leaves
Characteristic 11 Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter tasting
Characteristic 11 Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter tasting
Characteristic 11 Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter tasting (continued)
Characteristic 11 Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter tasting (continued)
Characteristic 11 Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter tasting (continued)
Characteristic 11 Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter tasting (continued)
Characteristic 12 Leaves turning black when dried
Characteristic 12 Leaves turning black when dried
Characteristic 13 Striae, short and long
Characteristic 13 Striae, short and long
Characteristic 13 Striae, short and long (continued)
Characteristic 13 Striae, short and long (continued)
Characteristic 13 Striae, short and long (continued)
Characteristic 13 Striae, short and long (continued)
Characteristic 14 Black catkins
Characteristic 14 Black catkins
Characteristic 15 Striking white-green leaves
Characteristic 15 Striking white-green leaves
Buds
Buds
Bibliography
Bibliography
Appendix 1 'Yellow, orange and red twigs'
Appendix 1 'Yellow, orange and red twigs'
Appendix 2 Comparison of willows with reddish hairs
Appendix 2 Comparison of willows with reddish hairs
Appendix 3 Rare observations (in Belgium)
Appendix 3 Rare observations (in Belgium)
Appendix 4 Willow names
Appendix 4 Willow names
Appendix 5 Photographs
Appendix 5 Photographs
Appendix 6 Willow lecture
Appendix 6 Willow lecture
Appendix 7 Willow cuttings
Appendix 7 Willow cuttings
Appendix 8 Flowering times
Appendix 8 Flowering times
Appendix 9 Plant flash
Appendix 9 Plant flash
Appendix 10 Salix pentandra
Appendix 10 Salix pentandra
Appendix 11 Root hairs
Appendix 11 Root hairs
Willow is a genus of dioecious trees and shrubs in the willow family (Salicaceae). Willows are deciduous trees with scattered leaves.
Willow is a genus of dioecious trees and shrubs in the willow family (Salicaceae). Willows are deciduous trees with scattered leaves.
The bud has one bud scale.
The bud has one bud scale.
The inflorescence of the willow is catkin-shaped and grows from the side buds of an annual twig.
The inflorescence of the willow is catkin-shaped and grows from the side buds of an annual twig.
The willow catkins sit or stand, unlike the drooping catkins in poplars. (exception S. pentandra, S. x fragilis basfordiana)
The willow catkins sit or stand, unlike the drooping catkins in poplars. (exception S. pentandra, S. x fragilis basfordiana)
The willow is thus dioecious (with one exception) and thus has either male catkins or female ones. This too is sometimes a species characteristic.
The willow is thus dioecious (with one exception) and thus has either male catkins or female ones. This too is sometimes a species characteristic.
Bron: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilg. 09.07.2016)
Bron: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilg. 09.07.2016)
"The genus Salix L. (Salicaceae), which includes about 450 species of woody plants (Argus, 2010 ), is one of the most difficult entities among woody plants for identification. Traditionally, identification of willows has been based on morphological features, which can be used to distinguish many taxa within the genus. However, the high degree of variability within Salix limits the diagnostic value of many characters."
"Willows also show phenotypic plasticity, so that even different plants of the same clone can look very different, especially when cut. Coppice shoots and their leaves can be very different from those of normal branches. However, probably the most remarkable and problematic aspect of willow taxonomy is the great ability of willows to hybridise. Crosses between fairly unrelated species occur, and many hybrids have high fecundity. A recent study has shown that widespread hybridisation is sufficient to capture chloroplasts even when species boundaries are maintained ( Percy et al. 2014 )."
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4678804/
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