Characteristic  4

Twisted branches and leaves

4a Olive-green branches strongly sinuous and ascending; leaves often curved-hollow; very common ornamental tree; mostly female plants; often spontaneously propagated and feral, perhaps due to the sometimes hermaphroditic catkins or by crossing with another taxon.  Several intermediate forms are possible, from half- to sturdy weeping. 

► Salix babylonica f. tortuosa   

4b Brown-yellow-orange branches strongly sinuous and drooping; leaves curved-hollow.

► Salix x pendulina f. erythroflexuosa (S. babylonica f. tortuosa x S. x pendulina f. salamonii)