Characteristic 11

Trees and shrubs with long narrow leaves, leaves not bitter-tasting 

The group with these characteristics is divided into two: those without lower leaf hairs, and those with lower leaf hairs. Note that at the beginning of the growing season, some species may initially have some hairiness, which, however, disappears later in the year. This is indicated. 

!! Caution, because of the occasional occurrence of the fox tapeworm, sample leaves hanging at least 1.50 m above the ground.

Without hairs on underside of leaves 

11a Shrub 1.5 to 3 m H; upright twigs and not drooping; buds somewhat bulbous; leaf colour from green (spring) to blue-grey in summer; twigs purple and mostly twig ends white frosted; leaves 7-10 cm L 

► Salix irrorata 

11b Shrub or small tree to ca. 10 m H; twigs white frosted and often arching; leaves 5-15 cm L, 0.7-2 cm W; only young leaves hairy. 

► Salix acutifolia 

11c Shrub or small tree up to 10 m H; twigs white-ripe and standing off or erect (not pendulous); young twigs purple-brown and glabrous; leaves 5-8.8 cm L, 1-2 cm W; characteristic: petiole starts at the bud; sometimes only hairs on the veins; on leaves of terminal twigs underside only initially hairy. Catkins buds are swollen and remarkably reddish-yellow in colour. 

Often Euura acutifolia

► Salix daphnoides 

11d Leaves thin and not leathery; not shiny; youngest leaves reddish-purple and quasi-transparent; central vein first purple then remarkably pale especially upper side of leaves; often heart-shaped leaf base, sometimes onset of pseudostipules; male clone; 2 stamens partly grown together; shrub to 2-3 m H; long very pliant branches; becomes bush if not intervened. 

► Salix 'Americana' (S. eriocephala x petiolaris, according to Checklist for Cultivars Salix L. -willow, Y. Kuzovkina, 2015)

► Amerikaantje or German red (S. eriocephala, according to Key to wild and feral willows in the Low Countries, A. Zwaenepoel, 2018)

11e The triandra group (S. triandra and hybrids with S. viminalis) 

The group Salix triandra incl. hybrids has a distinctive scent when the bark of the annual twigs is removed. Some authors believe they recognise a rose scent. 

Bark flaking off, orange spots become visible, young twigs edgy and smooth; leaves 3-12 (-17) cm L, 1-3 (-4) cm W, underneath either bluish-green or green, only very youngest leaves hairy, thereafter very soon glabrous; conspicuously large stipules, often kidney-shaped with an upward-pointing obtuse tip. 

► to 11f 

11f Annual twigs greenish-yellow (view twig ends on the sunlight side). Mainly female plants. 

► Salix triandra 'Groene reins'. 

11g Annual twigs olive green (view twig ends on the light side). Male and female plants are possible.   

► Salix triandra residual group or seedlings 

11h Annual twigs brown or grey-brown (view twig ends on the light side). 

11L to 11q 

11i Annual twigs coffee-milky brown; male clone or clonal group; rather low, highly branched shrub. 

► Salix triandra clone 'Koffiekleur' (with coffee-and-milk-coloured twigs) 

11j Annual twigs dark, chocolate-coloured brown; female clone or clone group; fairly tall, not overly branched shrub.   

► Salix triandra clone 'Chocolade kleur', 'Zwarte reins' (In the Netherlands, the clone 'Black three-bark' is the most common representative of this group).

11k Very small leaves of only 3-4.5 cm L. 

► Salix triandra 'Voeren clone' 

11l Annual shrub (as a cut shrub) averaging 1 m (maximum 1.6 m) high, leaves on the annual twigs (6.8)-8.6-(10.5) cm L and (9)-12-(15) mm B. 

► Salix triandra clone 'Kleine grijze wis' 

11m Annual shrub (as cut shrub) average 1 m (maximum 1.3 m) H, leaves on the annual twigs (6.4)-12.2-(17.3) cm L and (15)-22.3-(31) mm B.   

► Salix triandra clone 'Bruingrijze wis' 

11n Annual shrub (as cut shrub) average 3 m (maximum 3.3 m) H, leaves on the annual twigs (12.6)-14.9-(17) cm L and (22)-26.9-(31) mm B. 

► Salix triandra clone 'Grote grijze wis'