Must Know...

622 Founding of Islam

c. 730 Printing invented in China

732 Battle of Tours (ends Muslim expansion into France)

c. 900 Decline of classical Maya 1054 Great Schism in Christian Church (Roman Catholic & Eastern Orthodox)

1066 Norman conquest of England 1071 Battle of Manzikert (Seljuk Turks over Byz )

1095 1 st Crusade

1206 Chinggis Khan begins Mongol conquests

1258 Mongols sack Baghdad, end of Abbasid caliphate

1271-1295 Marco Polo’s travels

1279-1368 Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty in China

1324 Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage/hajj

1325-1349 travels of Ibn Battuta

1347-1348 Bubonic plague in Europe

1368-1644 Ming Dynasty

1405-1433 Zheng He’s 7 voyages

1438 Rise of Inca Empire

1453 Ottomans capture Constantinople

1450s Printing Press in Europe (Gutenberg)

c. 1480s Height of Aztec Empire

1488 Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope

1492 Columbus/Reconquista of Spain

1502 1 st African Slaves to Americas

1517 Martin Luther/Protestant Reformation

1519-1521 Cortez conquered the Aztecs

1521-1523 Magellan circumnavigates the Earth

1529 1 st unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna (Suleiman the Magnificent)

1533 Pizarro topples the Inca

1545 Discovery of silver at Potosí

1571 Battle of Lepanto (Ottoman naval defeat)

1571 1 st Manila Galleon (global trade of silver)

1588 Spanish Armada 1600 Battle of Sekigahara (beg of Tokugawa Shogunate)

1607 foundation of Jamestown

1618-1648 30 Years War

1644-1911 Qing Dynasty

1653 Cape Town colony founded (Dutch)

1683 2nd unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna (Mehmet IV)

1689 Glorious Revolution/English Bill of Rights

Industrial Revolution

1756-1763 7 Years War (French and Indian War)

1767 Invention of the Spinning Jenny (using machines to manufacture)

1776 Decl. of Independence (American Rev)

1776 Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations (capitalism)

1789 French Revolution begins 1796 Jenner’s smallpox vaccine

1804 Haitian independence

1807 British abolish Trans-Atlantic slave trade

1807-08 Janissary Revolt

1815 Congress of Vienna

1820s Independence in Latin America

1825 Erie Canal opens

1839 1 st Opium War in China

1839-1878 Tanzimat Reforms

1848 Marx & Engles’ The Communist Manifesto

1848-1849 European revolutions

1853 Commodore Perry “opens” Japan

1857 Sepoy Mutiny

1861 Russian “frees” serfs / ends serfdom

1861-1865 U.S. Civil War

1861-1870 Italian unification

1863 U.S. Emancipation Proclamation

1869 Suez Canal Opens

1871 German unification

1885 Berlin Conference (begins “Scramble for Africa”)

1888 Brazil ends slavery (last in Americas)

1893 New Zealand grants women suffrage

1896 Battle of Adowa (Ethiopians defeat Italians)

1898 Spanish-American War (US acquires Philippines, Cuba, Guam, & Puerto Rico)

1899-1902 Boer War (British in control of S Africa)

1904-05 Russo-Japanese war

1910-20 Mexican Revolution (Diaz overthrown, 1910)

1911 Chinese Revolution (end of Qing)

1914 Panama Canal (Opened)

1914-18 World War I

1917 Feb/March Russian Revolution (Czar Abdicates)

1917 Oct/Nov Russian Revolution (Communist/Bolshevik)

1917 Nov Balfour Declaration 1918 Nov Armistice (end of WWI fighting)

1919 Treaty of Versailles

1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact (outlawing war)

1929 New York Stock Market Crash

1930 Salt March (Gandhi’s)

1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria

1935 Italian invasion of Ethiopia

1937 Japan invades (rest of) China (rape of Nanking)

1939 German blitzkrieg in Poland (beg of WWII)

1941 Pearl Harbor (US entry into WWII)

1942-43 Battle of Stalingrad (turning point of war)

1944 Bretton Woods Conf (Post-warEconPlanning)

1945 Feb Yalta Conference (beg of Cold War?)

1945 Jul A-Bomb tested (Manhattan Project)

1945 Aug Hiroshima/Nagasaki

1945 Sept end of WWII (Japan surrenders)

1947 June Truman Doctrine (“official” decl of Cold War)

1947 Aug independence & partition of India

1948 birth of Israel

1948-49 Berlin Blockade/Airlift

1949 Apr NATO founded

1949 Oct Chinese Communist Revolution

1950-1953 Korean War

1954 Vietnam expels France (Dien Bien Phu)

1955 Bandung Conf (Non-Aligned Nations)

1956 Feb Khrushchev begins de-Stalinization

1956 Fall Suez Canal Crisis (Nasser Nat’lizes)

1957 Sputnik

1959 1 st silicon chip

1959 Cuban Revolution (Fidel Castro)

1961-1989 Nov Berlin Wall

1962 Cuban Missile Crisis

1963 Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (above ground)

1966-1976 Chinese Cultural Revolution

1967 6-Day War

1973 Yom Kippur war (OPEC Oil Embargo)

1975-79 Cambodian Genocide (Khmer Rouge)

1979 Iranian Revolution (Ayatollah Khomeini)

1979 China’s “Socialist Market Economy” reforms begin (Deng Xiaoping)

1987 1 st Palestinian Intifada

1989 June Tiananmen Square

1990 Namibia independent (last African colony)

1991 Jan 1 st Persian Gulf War

1991 Dec 31 USSR disbands

1994 NAFTA formed

1994 Apr-July Rwandan Genocide

1994 Apr 1 st all race elections in S. Africa

1999 EU formed (European Union currency)

2001 9/11 Attacks

2003 US invades Iraq (“Enduring Freedom”)

2004 Facebook founded

2007 Global “Great Recession” begins

2011 Wikileaks

currency

diffusion

slavery

specialization of labor

syncretism

textiles

caste system

Filial piety

Merchants

Missionaries

Monastery/monastic

life/monasticism

Monsoon winds

Sinicization

Universal truths (dealing with belief systems)

Black Death

Bushido

Caliphate

Chinampa

Chivalry

Christendom

Civil service exam system

Crusades

Dar al-Islam

Diffusion of scientific and tech. traditions (printing, gunpowder, spread of cotton, sugar & citrus, Muslim Agric. Rev., turn of Greek science/philosophy to W Europe via Muslim al-Andalus in Iberia)

Entrepót

Feudalism/decentralized gov’t

Fiefs

Gentry

Grand Canal in China

Great Warming Period (800-1300)

Griots

Guilds

Hajj

Hanseatic League

Khan/Khanates

Kow tow

Little Ice Age

Manorialism

Mit’a

Neoconfucianism

Nobility/daimyo/zamindars

Papacy

Quipu

Samurai/Salaried samurai

Serfs/Serfdom

Sharia

Shia/Shiite

Southernization (Lynda Shaffer)

Sufi

Sultan

Sunni

Swahili

Tax farming

Terraces

Synthesized

Tribute collection/Tributary systems

Ulama

Absolutism

Astrolabe

Atlantic slave trade

Balance of power

Biological diffusion

Boyars

codices

colonies/colonial administrations

Columbian Exchange

Conduits

Conquistadores

Creoles/Criollos

Debt Peonage

Devshirme

Dhimmi

Divine right

Encomienda

Enlightenment

Hacienda

harem

Indentured servitude

Janissaries

Joint-stock companies

Literacy

Local resistance (e.g. Food riots, Samurai revolts, Peasant uprisings)

Manila galleons

Maroon

Mercantile practices/Mercantilism

Mestizo

Mulattoes

Middle Passage

Peninsulares

Plantations/plantation systems

Predominance

Reformation/Protestantism

Repartimiento

Royal chartered monopoly companies

Scientific Revolution

Sikhism

Social contract

Syncretism

Triangular trade

Viceroys

Vodun (voodoo)

Westernization/modernization

Zen

Abolition

Alternative visions of society (Utopian socialism, Marxism, Anarchism)

American Declaration of Independence

Anti-colonial movements (The Indian Revolt of 1857, Boxer Rebellion)

Anti-imperial resistance

Bolivar’s Jamaica Letter

Bourgeoisie Capitalism/global capitalism

Capitulations/extraterritoriality

Caudillos

Chinese Exclusion Acts

Class Struggle

Conservative (not current US definition)

Consumer markets

Constitution

Economic imperialism

Emancipation of serfs/slaves

Enclaves Exploitation

Factory system

Financial instruments (Stock markets, Insurance, Gold standard, Limited liability corporations)

Finished goods

French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

Hegemony

Home society

Ideologies

Imperialism/colonialism

Independence

Industrial Revolution/Industrialization

Industrialized states

Intelligentsia

Laissez-faire

Liberal/Liberalism/classical

liberalism

Marxism

Migrant support networks

Millenarianism (e.g. The Taiping Rebellion, The Ghost Dance, The Xhosa Cattle- Killing Mvmnt)

Neocolonialism

Pre-industrial Proletariat

Racism

Raw materials

production & export of single natural resources (Cotton, Rubber, Palm oil, Sugar, Wheat, Meat, Guano, Metals & minerals)

Rebellion/revolt

Reforms (State pensions, public health, suffrage, public education)

Reforms in imperial policies (The Tanzimat movement, The Self-Strengthening Movement)

Revolutions

Self- Strengthening Movement (China)

Settler colonies

Slave resistance (Maroon societies)

Social Darwinism

Socialism

Spheres of influence

Suez Canal

Suffrage

Temporary and seasonal migrants

Transnational businesses (large-scale - United Fruit Company, HSBC — Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, zaibatsu) Transnational ideologies and solidarity

Transoceanic imperialism

White Australia Policy

Zionism

Anti-imperialism

Anti-Semitism

Apartheid

Appeasement

Application of religion to political issues (Fundamentalist movements, Liberation Theology)

Authoritarianism/Authoritarian regimes

Bedouin

Biafra secessionist movement

Chemically & genetically enhanced forms of agriculture

Cold War

Collectivization

Communism (Five-Year Plans, Great Leap Forward)

Consumerism

Containment

Cultural convergence

Cultural Identities (Pan-Africanism, Pan-Arabism, pan-Slavism, Negritude)

Decolonization

Deforestation

Desertification

Dissolution

Domestic (not having to do with the private home!)

Draft/Conscription

Economic liberalization

Exclusionary reactions (Xenophobia, Race riots, Citizenship restrictions)

Fascism

feminism

Five-Year Plans

Free market economics/policies

Free Trade

Genocide

Glasnost

Global warming

Gov’t intervention in economy (New Deal, Fascist corporatist economy, collectivization, IMF econ development, export-oriented economies)

Great Depression

Green/environmental movements (e.g. Greenpeace, Green Belt in Kenya, Earth Day)

Green Revolution

Greenhouse gases

Holocaust

Home countries

Human rights (e.g. U.N. Universal Decl. of Human Rights, Women’s rights, end of White Australia Policy)

Identity (ethnic, religious, national, political)

Imperial metropoles

Indian National Congress

intensified conflict (military dictatorship, New World Order, “military industrial complex,” arms trading)

League of Nations

Mandates

Medical innovations (polio vaccine, birth control, antibiotics, artificial heart)

Militarized states/alliances (NATO, Warsaw Pact)

Military tactics (trench warfare, firebombing, Blitzkrieg, MAD)

Mobilization of a state’s resources (Gurkha, ANZAC, Military conscription)

Movements who challenged the war (anti-nuclear movement, selfimmolation) Mujahideen/Taliban

Multinational corp’s (HSBC, Royal Dutch Shell, Coca-Cola, Sony)

New economic institutions (IMF, World Bank, WTO)

New forms of spirituality (Hare Krishna, Falun Gong)

Nonviolence (Non-Aligned & AntiApartheid Mvmnts)

nuclear weaponry

OPEC

Pacific Rim

Perestroika

Popular culture (Dada, Socialist Realism)

Population resettlements/partition

Propaganda

proxy wars

Québécois

separatist movement

Redistribute land and resources

Refugee populations/displacement of peoples

Regional trade blocs (European Union, NAFTA, ASEAN, WTO)

Religious fundamentalism

Scientific paradigms (Theory of Relativity, Quantum mechanics, Big Bang theory, Psychology)

Segregation Self-determination (Versailles)

soviets

sports (Olympics, World Cup Soccer)

superpowers (& proxies)

Technology (planes, automobiles, radio, TV, vaccines, film/movies)

Terrorism

Third World/developing world

“total wars”/World Wars

Totalitarianism

United Nations

Warsaw Pact

Women’s emancipation/suffrage