The basic linear order of constituents in English is Noun Phrase–Verb–Noun Phrase ( NP V NP) and their typical grammatical functions are Subject–Verb–Object (SVO).
language typology: the identification of a language as one of a specific type, often based on word order such SVO or SOV.
(SVO) Subject Verb Object
NP V NP
English John saw the big dog
(SOV) Subject Object Verb
John big dog saw
Japanese Jon ga ookii inu o mita
(VSO) Verb Subject Object
Saw John the dog big
Gaelic Chunnaic Iain an cu mor
(VOS) Verb Object Subject
Saw the dog big John
Malagasy Nahita ny alika be Rajaona