aphasia: an impairment of language function due to localized brain damage that leads to difficulty in understanding and/or producing language.
The most common cause of aphasia is a stroke (when a blood vessel in the brain is blocked or bursts), though traumatic head injuries from violence or an accident may have similar effects.
Broca’s aphasia: a language disorder in which speech production is typically reduced, distorted, slow and missing grammatical markers
Ex: Intended phrase: “My dog is playing in the yard.”
With Broca’s aphasia: “Dog... play... yard.”
Wernicke’s aphasia: a language disorder in which comprehension is typically slow while speech is fluent, but vague and missing content words
Ex: Intended phrase: “I enjoy reading books.”
With Wernicke’s aphasia: “I enloy brooking the plushies.”
=> In Wernicke’s aphasia, the person often uses real and made-up words incorrectly but maintains a natural-sounding rhythm and intonation. They are often unaware that their words don't make sense, which can lead to misunderstandings in conversations.
conduction aphasia: a language disorder associated with damage to the arcuate fasciculus in which repeating words or phrases is difficult
Ex: Intended phrase: “Please pass the pepper.”
With conduction aphasia: “Please pass the... papper... no, pepper... p-p-p-epper.”