1 Progenitor, Lapithes (or Lapithus)

In 1387 BC, Aeolus and Stilbe had a son, Lapithes. [1]

Aeolus was the son of Hippotes, the son of Mimas, the son of Aeolus, the son of Hellen, the son of Deucalion, and lived in Arne in Thessaly. [2]

Stilbe was the daughter of Peneius, the son of Tectamus, the son of Dorus, the son of Hellen, the son of Deucalion, and lived in Doris, north of the Peneius River. [3]

Thus, Lapithes was born to Aeolian father and Dorian mother.

In 1365 BC, Lapithes led the Aeolians from Arne to the north of the Peneius River. [4]

The Aeolians, led by Lapithes, changed their name to Lapiths.

Lapithes married Eurynomus' daughter, Orsinome, and had three sons: Periphas, Lesbos, and Phorbas, as well as a daughter, Diomede. [5]

Eurynomus's genealogy is unknown, but since Lapithes' mother, Stilbe, was a Dorian, it is likely that Eurynomus was also a Dorian.

Lapithes is also believed to have had another son, Aeolus.

2 Birthplace of Lapiths

Lapithes's settlement is presumed to have been the land west of Gyrton, the land fought over by the Dorians and Lapiths during the time of Heracles. [6]

To the west of this land was Doris, where the Dorians, descended from Dorus, the son of Hellen, son of Deucalion, lived.

In other words, Lapithes settled between his mother's homeland, Doris, and the land to the east of it, inhabited by the Aenianians and Perrhaebians.

3 Periphas, son of Lapithes

In 1331 BC, Periphas married Astyagia, daughter of Hypseus, son of Peneius, from Doris. Periphas and Astyagia had eight sons. Periphas' descendants grew in power and came to be called the Lapiths. [7]

Of his eight sons, only Anion is mentioned in historical records. [8]

In addition to Anion, he is believed to have had two other sons: Elatus and Andraemon.

3.1 Anion, son of Periphas

In 1301 BC, Anion married Perimela, daughter of Amythaon of Phyllus in Thessaly. Antion and Perimela had a son, Ixion. [9]

Ixion also had a half-brother, Phlegyas. [10]

3.1.1 Ixion (or Gyrton), son of Antion

In 1276 BC, Ixion married Dia, daughter of Eioneus (or Deioneus), son of Magnes, who lived near Mount Olympus. Ixion and Dia had a son, Peirithous (or Pirithous, Perithous). [11]

Ixion and Phlegyas led the Lapiths in expelling the Perrhaebians who lived in the Peneius River basin. [12]

Ixion and Dia shared a common ancestor, Aeolus, son of Hippotes of Arne.

Ixion had another wife, Nephele. [13]

Nephele was a Centaur, and she bore Ixion two sons, Eurytion and Imbrus. [14]

3.1.1.1 Peirithous, son of Ixion

During the reign of Peirithous, the Lapiths, under his leadership, inhabited the Peneius River basin, driving out the Aenianians, Perrhaebians, and Centaurs and expanding their territory. [15]

It is said that a race of half-human, half-beast creatures called the Centaurs were born between Ixion and Nephele. [16]

The Centaurs were people who rode bareback on horses and were driven out of Thessaly by the Lapiths. [17]

Peirithous married Hippodameia, daughter of Butes, son of Teleon, son of Pandion, the eighth king of Athens. Theseus, son of Aegeus, the ninth king of Athens, was also invited to their feast. [18]

Peirithous' wife, Hippodameia, was the daughter of Theseus's paternal cousin.

Peirithous and Theseus were also close friends. [19]

When Peirithous' descendants were expelled from Thessaly in 1186 BC, the Athenians welcomed them back due to their ancestral friendship. Peirithous' descendants became the Oineis, one of the ten tribes of Athens. [20]

3.1.1.2 Eurytion, son of Ixion

Eurytion was the leader of the Centaurs and fought against the Lapiths. [21]

3.1.2 Phlegyas, son of Antion

In 1280 BC, Phlegyas and Ixion, led by the Lapiths, drove out the Perrhaebians and founded Gyrton. [22]

The Lapiths who lived in Gyrton were called Phlegyae after Phlegyas, but they came to be called Gyrtonians. [23]

It is said that Gyrton was named after Phlegyas' brother, Gyrton. [24]

However, since Ixion and his son, Peirithous, ruled Gyrton, Gyrton is likely another name for Ixion. [25]

Thus, during Phlegyas' time, the town was called Phlegyas, but after Ixion succeeded Phlegyas, the town took on the name Gyrton.

Phlegyas had two sons: Eilatidas and Coronis. [26]

3.1.2.1 Eilatidas, son of Phlegyas

Eilatidas' daughter, Coronis (or Epione), married Asclepius of Tricca. [27]

Since Eilatidas did not succeed his father, Phlegyas, and Ixion succeeded him, it is assumed that Eilatidas predeceased his father.

3.2 Elatus, likely the son of Periphas

Elatus' son, Polyphemus, was a Lapith, and Elatus' descendants lived in Larissa and Gyrton. [28]

Therefore, it is assumed that Elatus was the son of Periphas, the son of Lapithes. [29]

Elatus had four sons: Caeneus, Ampycus, Polyphemus, and Ischys, and two daughters: Dotia and Caenis.

3.2.1 Caeneus, son of Elatus

Coronus, son of Caeneus, led the Lapiths in battle against the Dorians and was killed by Heracles. [30]

Caeneus' descendant, Lysidice, married Ajax (or Aias), son of Telamon, and had Philaeus (or Philius). [31]

Herodotus incorrectly states in two places that Cypselus, son of Eetion of Corinth, was a descendant of Philaeus. [32]

Cypselus's paternal ancestor was Melas, son of Antasus. [33]

Cypselus's maternal ancestor was Aletes, the first ruler of Corinth among the Dorians. [34]

Herodotus states that Cypselus of Athens, father of Miltiades, was a descendant of Philaeus, confusing Cypselus of Athens with Cypselus of Corinth. [35]

3.2.2 Ampycus, son of Elatus

In 1264 BC, Ampycus emigrated to Oechalia, founded by Melaneus, son of his cousin Aeolus. [36]

After Melaneus emigrated to Messenia in 1305 BC, Ampycus likely emigrated to the deserted town of Oechalia and rebuilt it. [37]

Ampycus, along with his son Mopsus, was a prophet. It is believed that he was taught the art of prophecy by Melampus, the brother of Perimela, wife of his uncle Antion. [38]

3.2.2.1 Mopsus, son of Ampycus

In 1243 BC, Mopsus migrated from Oechalia to the north-northeast of Gyrton and founded Mopsium. [39]

Mopsus appears in the story of the Argonauts' expedition. [40]

3.2.3 Polyphemus, son of Elatus

Polyphemus lived in Larissa and appears in the story of the Argonauts' expedition. [41]

3.2.4 Ischys, son of Elatus

Ischys married Coronis, daughter of Phlegyas, from Gyrton, and had a son, Asclepius (or Aesculapius). [42]

Coronis grew up in Amyrus, on the shores of the Boebian lake in the Dotium plain. [43]

In 1260 BC, Ischys emigrated to Tricca.

Tricca, named after Tricca, daughter of Peneius, son of Tectamus, son of Dorus, was inhabited by Dorians. [44]

Around the time Ischys emigrated to Tricca, Autolycus, son of Deimachus, who had previously lived in the town, emigrated to Sinope on the southern shore of the Black Sea. [45]

After the departure of the Dorian Autolycus, Ischys the Lapith lived in Tricca, but the town's inhabitants were likely largely Dorians. Tricca does not appear in the later battle between Heracles and Lapiths.

3.2.4.1 Asclepius, son of Ischys

Asclepius is said to have been born in Epidaurus, Argolis. [46]

The mother of Asclepius' grandfather, Phlegyas, was from Epidaurus. [47]

The legend that Asclepius was born in Epidaurus likely arose from the worship of Asclepius, who had ties to the town.

Strabo reports that Asclepius was born on the banks of the Lethaeus River, which flows through Tricca in Thessaly. [48]

Tricca was home to the oldest shrine of Asclepius. [49]

3.2.4.1.1 Asclepius and Medicine

It was the Egyptian Apis who introduced medicine to Greece. [50]

Apis accompanied Acrisius of Argos from Egypt and migrated to Nauplia near Argos. [51]

Amyclas, brother of Acrisius' wife Eurydice, was married to Diomede, daughter of Lapithes. [52]

In other words, Lapiths was the first to master the medical arts introduced from Egypt.

Asclepius then further developed these techniques. [53]

3.2.4.1.2 Asclepius' son Machaon

3.2.4.1.2.1 Machaon's wife Anticleia

In 1200 BC, Machaon married Anticleia, daughter of Diocles, who lived in Pharae, Messenia. [54]

Machaon's residence in Tricca in northern Thessaly and Anticleia's residence in Pharae in Messenia were more than 280 km apart in a straight line.

The marriage between Machaon and Anticleia is presumed to have taken place as follows:

After the death of Idas, son of Aphareus, Nestor, son of Neleus, inherited Messenia, but some residents refused to obey him. [55]

These residents were likely the Lapiths, who migrated from Thessaly to Andania when Perieres, son of Aeolus, was appointed ruler from Andania in Messenia. [56]

The Lapiths also lived in Arene, founded by Apahareus, son of Perieres, on the west coast of Messenia. [57]

Nestor, who founded Pylus near Arena, attempted to use the influence of the leading Lapiths in Thessaly to subjugate the Lapiths.

At the same time, Diocles, son of Ortilochus of Pharae in Messenia, also felt threatened by Tyndareus of Sparta. [58]

Nestor, the leader of Messenia, therefore attempted to gain the Lapiths' support by marrying Diocles' daughter, Anticleia, to a leading Lapiths.

Shorterly, most of the Lapiths in Thessaly had lost their power after a battle with Heracles, leaving only Asclepius of Tricca to retain his influence. [59]

In 1208 BC, Nestor visited Tricca and was welcomed by Asclepius. [60]

Asclepius had two sons, Machaon and Podalirus, but Podalirus was not yet of marriageable age. Machaon already had three sons, but he decided to marry Anticleia. [61]

3.2.4.1.2.2 Machaon's Descendants

Machaon's sons by his first wife, Polemocrates, Alexandre, and Sphyrus, lived in Argolis. Anticleia's two sons, Nicomachus and Gorgasus, followed in the footsteps of their grandfather, Diocles, and lived in Pharae, Messenia. [63]

Nicomachus, a descendant of Nicomachus, married Phaestis, a descendant of one of the colonists who led a colony from Chalcis in Euboea to Stageira near the Chalcidice Peninsula.

In 384 BC, Nicomachus and Phaestis had a son, Aristotle. [64]

3.2.4.1.3 Podalirus (or Podalirius or Podaleirius), son of Asclepius

3.2.4.1.3.1 Founding of Syrnus

After his campaign against Troy and the defeat of the Achaeans, Podalirus wandered Asia Minor with the seer Calchas, Polypoetes, son of Peirithous, and Leonteus, son of Coronus. [65]

Polypoetes and Leonteus settled in Colophon. [66]

Podalirus married Syrna, daughter of Damaethus, in Bybastus, Caria. Damaethus is presumed to be the son of Staphylus, son of Ariadne, daughter of Minos.

Podalirus then founded Syrnus in Caria. [67]

3.2.4.1.3.2 Descendants of Podalirus

Descendants of Podalirus, son of Asclepius, continued to live in Cos, near Syrnus, carrying on the medical arts. Hippocrates, known as the Father of Medicine in the early 4th century BC, was the 20th generation descendant of Heracles and the 19th generation descendant of Asclepius. [68]

Descendants of Thessalus (or Thettalus), son of Heracles, lived in Cos, and it is believed that they formed a marriage alliance with the descendants of Podalirus living in Syrnus.

Hippocrates was friends with Perdiccas, king of Macedonia. [69]

Hippocrates, son of Draco, son of Hippocrates, treated Roxane, who was imprisoned in Amphipolis after the death of Alexander the Great, and was killed by Cassander, son of Antipater. [70]

4 Lesbos, son of Lapithes

In 1340 BC, Lesbos led Lapiths to Pelasgia, where his uncle Macareus had already settled, and married Macareus' daughter Methyma. [71]

After Macareus's settlement, Pelasgia, also known as the House of Macareus, came to be called Lesbos after Lesbos's name. [72]

5 Phorbas, son of Lapithes

In 1320 BC, Phorbas, son of Lapithes, emigrated from Thessaly to Rhodes. [73]

It is believed that Leucippus, son of Macareus, summoned Phorbas to Rhodes. Phorbas was the son of Lapithes, brother of Leucippus's father, Macareus, and Phorbas and Leucippus were cousins.

It is believed that Phorbas traveled to Rhodes to aid the Aeolians, led by Leucippus, who were suffering from conflict with the Phoenicians.

In 1306 BC, Phorbas emigrated from Rhodes to Olenus, northwest of the Peloponnesus. [74]

Diodorus reports that King Alector of Elis summoned Phorbas. [75]

However, Phorbas, together with the Heliadae and Aeolians, fought against the Phoenicians, but was presumably defeated and exiled from the island.

Among the Aeolians who migrated from Lesbos to Rhodes with Leucippus were Aeolians who migrated from Olenus to Lesbos with Aeolus' son, Macareus. [76]

Phorbas is thought to have migrated to Olenus with the Aeolians.

Before migrating to Rhodes, Phorbas had a daughter, Pronoe.

After moving to Olenus, Phorbas married Hyrmina, the daughter of Epeius of Elis, and they had a son named Actor and a daughter named Astydameia. Dexamenus is also believed to be Phorbas' son. [77]

5.1 Actor, son of Phorbas

In 1285 BC, Actor migrated from Olenus to the sea west of Elis and founded Hyrmina, named after his mother. [78]

Actor married Molione, daughter of Molus from Pleuron, and had twin sons, Cteatus and Eurytus. [79]

In 1265 BC, Hipponus, son of Actor's brother Dexamenus, founded Olenus between Pleuron and Calydon in Aetolia.

Hipponous was able to build a town in Aetolia because his uncle Actor's wife, Molione, was a native of Pleuron. [80]

5.1.1 Actor's Twin Sons

Actor's twin sons married Theronice and Theraephone, twin daughters of Dexamenus, from Olenus. Cteatus and Theronice had a son, Amphimachus, and Eurytus and Theraephone had a son, Thalpius. [81]

Cteatus and Eurytus were appointed generals by Augeas of Elis when he learned that Heracles was preparing to attack Elis. [82]

The brothers were brave warriors, and Heracles attacked Elis, but suffered repeated defeats and called a truce without a clear victory. [83]

The brothers, learning that Heracles was ill, attacked him and killed many, including Heracles' half-brother, Iphicles. [84]

Among them was Heracles' half-brother, Iphicles. [85]

After his family was killed during the truce, Heracles attacked and killed the brothers at Cleonae in Argolis as they were traveling from Hyrmina in Eleia to Isthmus. [86]

It is said that 360 Cleonaeans who had assisted Heracles were killed in the attack. However, it is believed that the attack was carried out by a small group of people, as legend has it that the brothers' mother, Molione, investigated the perpetrators.[87]

At that time, Atreus, son of Pelops, the city's founder, lived in Cleonae.

It is believed that Atreus assisted Heracles, son of Alcmena, daughter of Eurydice (or Lysidice), daughter of Pelops. [88]

5.2 Dexamenus, likely the son of Phorbas

There is no tradition that Dexamenus was Phorbas' son. However, the following suggests that he was Phorbas' son.

1) The twin sons of Phorbas' son, Actor, married Dexamenus' twin daughters. [89]

In other words, Dexamenus lived one generation after Phorbas.

2) Dexamenus ruled Olenus, the same place as Phorbas. [90]

5.2.1 Eurypylus, son of Dexamenus

Eurypylus appears in the story of Heracles' expedition to Ilium. [91]

5.2.2 Hipponus, likely the son of Dexamenus

The 2nd-century AD mythologist Apollodorus tells us that Oeneus of Calydon captured Olenus and took Hipponus' daughter Periboea as a trophy. [92]

This battle is thought to have been one of the conflicts between Calydon and Pleuron, but it is unlikely that Olenus of Achaia sided with Pleuron across the sea. This Olenus was Olenus of Aetolia, located between Calydon and Pleuron. [93]

In 1265 BC, Hipponus migrated from Olenus of Achaia to Aetolia and founded Olenus. [94]

Hipponous was able to found a town near Pleuron through his aunt-in-law, Molione. [95]

Molione was the daughter of Molus, who lived in Pleuron. [96]

6 Aeolus, likely the son of Lapithes

Aeolus is presumed to be the son of Lapithes for the following reasons:

1) Ormenus, son of Cercaphus, son of Aeolus, and his son Amyntor were attacked and killed by Heracles. [97]

The battle with Ormenus occurred during a battle between Heracles and the Lapiths, and Ormenus was likely a member of the Lapiths.

2) When creating a genealogy, the age difference between Aeolus and Lapithes, the progenitor of the Lapiths, is only one generation.

Therefore, Aeolus is presumed to have been the son of Lapithes.

Aeolus lived near the Peneius River and had two sons, Cercaphus and Perieres, and two daughters, Perimede and Pisidice. [98]

Aeolus is also presumed to have had a son named Melaneus. [99]

6.1 Cercaphus, son of Aeolus

In 1293 BC, Cercaphus migrated from the Peneius River to Itonus and married Eupolemeia, daughter of Myrmidon, from Phthia. Cercaphus and Eupolemeia had a son, Ormenus. [100]

Cercaphus moved to Phthia due to the marriage of his sister Pisidice to Myrmidon. [101]

Aethalides, son of Eupolemeia, daughter of Myrmidon, joined the Argonauts' expedition from near the Amphrysus River in Phthia.

Aethalides lived in Itonus and was Cercaphus's successor. [102]

6.1.1 Aethalides, likely son of Cercaphus

In 1268 BC, Aethalides succeeded his father as Itonus and married Pelopia, daughter of Pelias of Iolcus. Aethalides and Pelopia had a son, Cycnus (or Cygnus). [103]

In 1227 BC, Cycnus was attacked and killed by Heracles. [104]

6.1.2 Ormenus (or Ormenius), son of Cercaphus

In 1236 BC, the Minyans of Iolcus rebelled and destroyed the city. [105]

In 1235 BC, Ormenus migrated from Itonus to the east of Iolcus and founded Ormenion. [106]

In 1227 BC, Ormenus was attacked and killed by Heracles along with his son, Amyntor. [107]

Ormenus had two sons, Amyntor and Euaemon, and a daughter, Astydameia (or Astydamia).

6.1.2.1 Amyntor, son of Ormenus

In 1230 BC, Amyntor's son, Phoenix, fled to Peleus, ruler of Phthia, due to a dispute between father and son, and was given Dolopia. [108]

Peleus was the son of Aeacus, son of Actor, the brother of Eupolemeia, the mother of Ormenus, the father of Amyntor, Phoenix's father. Thus, Peleus was a second cousin of Amyntor, Phoenix's father.

In 1227 BC, Amyntor was killed along with his father, Ormenius, in a battle against Heracles, who attacked Ormenion. [109]

Phoenix led the Trojan expedition as one of Achilles' five generals, commanding the fourth legion. [110]

After returning from Troy, Phoenix accompanied Achilles' son Neoptolemus and died near Thermopylae on the way to the new lands. [111]

6.1.2.2 Euaemon, son of Ormenus

Euaemon and his son Eurypylus lived in Ormenion, where Eurypylus inherited it after his uncle Amyntor died and his son Phoenix left the city. [112]

In 1186 BC, Eurypylus campaigned against Troy, but his hometown was taken by the Thesprotians, and he settled in Patrae in Achaia. There is no link between Eurypylus and Patrae, and it is possible that he chose his location based on an oracle at Delphi, as tradition suggests. [113]

6.2 Perieres, son of Aeolus

In 1310 BC, Perieres emigrated from the Peneius River to Andania in Messenia, where he was invited by the city's heirs to move. [114]

Polycaon, son of Lelex of Lacedaemon, founded Andania with the help of many people from Argos, the homeland of his wife Messene. [115]

Andania's inhabitants were the Achaeans, who had recently migrated from Thessaly to the area around Argos with the sons of Achaeus. [116]

Andania was an offshoot of Lacedaemon. However, the inhabitants began to call their region Messenia, after Polycaon's wife Messene, rather than Lacedaemon. When Polycaon's descendants died out, the inhabitants sought heirs not from Lacedaemon but from Thessaly. [117]

Perieres married Gorgophone, daughter of Perseus, and had two sons, Aphareus and Leucippus. [118]

6.2.1 Aphareus, son of Perieres

In 1280 BC, Aphareus migrated from Andania to the west coast and founded Arene. Arene was the daughter of Aphareus's mother, Gorgophon, from a second marriage. [119]

Pausanias reports that Aphareus' cousin Neleus fled from Iolcus in Thessaly and gave him a portion of the coastal lands, including Pylus. [120]

However, Pausanias elsewhere writes that Neleus's Pylus was not in Messenia but near Elis in Eleia. [121]

Pausanias also mistakenly identifies Perieres as the son of Aeolus, son of Hippotes. Although Aphareus and Neleus were contemporaries, they likely never met. Aphareus and Arene had two sons, Idas and Lynceus. [122]

6.2.1.1 Idas, son of Aphareus

When Idas reached adulthood, Tyndareus of Sparta visited Arene, seeking refuge with his half-brother Aphareus. [123]

Tyndareus then moved to Aetolia to live with Thestius in Pleuron, and Idas followed him. [124]

In Pleuron, Tyndareus married Thestius' daughter, Leda, and Idas married Evenus' daughter, Marpessa. [125]

Idas lived in Aetolia until his daughter Cleopatra (or Halcyone) married Meleager, the son of Oeneus of Calydon. Meanwhile, a conflict arose between Pleuron and Calydon, with Tyndareus fighting for Pleuron and Idas for Calydon.

After Aphareus' death, Idas returned to Arene to succeed his father.[126]

Tyndareus then returned to Sparta with his two sons, Castor and Polydeuces (or Pollux).[127]

Tyndareus and Idas carried the enmity between Pleuron and Calydon into the Peloponnesus, leading to conflict between Laconia and Messenia. [128]

First, Tyndareus attacked Leucippus in Andania. Tyndareus's two sons, Castor and Polydeuces, married of Leucippus's captured two daughters. [129]

The attack on Andania was likely motivated by the fact that the city was founded by Polycaon, son of Lelex of Lacedaemon. [130]

Next, Tyndareus attacked Oechalia, near Andania, and expelled Melaneus' son Eurytus from the city. [131]

As Tyndareus gradually expanded his power in Messenia, Idas abducted Tyndareus's daughter Helen and entrusted her to Theseus in Athens. [132]

Idas and Theseus' friend Peirithus were of the same race, sharing a common ancestor, Lapithes, son of Aeolus, the progenitor of the Lapiths. It is likely that Idas and Theseus were also friends. [133]

Tyndareus's two sons rescued Helen. This incident escalated into a direct confrontation between Idas's brothers and Tyndareus and his sons, resulting in their deaths. [134]

6.2.1.2 Lynceus, son of Aphareus

No information is known about Lynceus's wife and children. During a battle with Tyndareus' sons, Lynceus was killed by Polydeuces. [135]

6.2.2 Leucippus, son of Perieres

Leucippus inherited Andania after his brother Aphareus migrated to the coast and founded Arene. [137]

Leucippus had three daughters: Hilaira (or Hilaeira), Phoebe, and Arsinoe. [138]

Leucippus of Andania was attacked by Tyndareus, and Hilaira and Phoebe were taken captive and married to Tyndareus's two sons, Castor and Polydeuces. [139]

6.3 Melaneus, likely son of Aeolus

The 6th-century BC philosopher Pherecydes attributes Melaneus's father to Arcesilaus. However, the accompanying account contains many discrepancies with other historical sources, making it unreliable. [140]

Melaneus is thought to be the son of Aeolus, son of Lapithes, and is thought to have lived in the following places:

In 1310 BC, Melaneus founded Oechalia near Tricca.

In 1305 BC, Melaneus was invited by Perieres, who lived in Andania, to move to Messenia and found Oechalia near Andania.

Perieres and Melaneus are thought to have been brothers. [141]

Melaneus had a son, Eurytus, with his wife, Oechalia (or Stratonica). [142]

The reasons why Melaneus is presumed to be the son of Aeolus are as follows:

1) Melaneus' son, Eurytus, was attacked and killed by Heracles. [143]

The battle between Heracles and Eurytus was the final battle in a series of battles between Heracles and Lapiths. In other words, Melaneus was a member of the Lapiths.

2) When constructing the genealogy, the age difference between Melaneus and Lapithes, the progenitor of the Lapiths, spans two generations. In other words, Melaneus is presumed to have been the grandson of Lapithes.

3) Since Melaneus was relied upon by Perieres, the son of Aeolus, the son of Lapithes, he is likely to have been Perieres' brother.

In other words, Melaneus is presumed to be the son of Aeolus, son of the Lapiths.

6.3.1 Eurytus, son of Melaneus

Eurytus was born in Oechalia, Messenia. He married Antiope, daughter of Pylo, from Nauplia in Argolis, and had six sons: Iphitus, Clytius, Deioneus (or Didaeon), Hippasus, Toxeus, Molion, and a daughter, Iole (or Iolea).

In 1237 BC, Eurytus was chased by Tyndareus, who had returned to Sparta from Aetolia, and he moved to Euboea, where he founded Oechalia. [144]

The ancient name of Eretria in Euboea was Melaneis, reportedly named after Eurytus's father, Melaneus. [145]

Eurytus, who migrated to Euboea, is believed to have founded Melaneis and then migrated northeast and founded Oechalia.

Lapiths then expanded their power in Thessaly near the Peneius River and drove the Aenianians from the Dotium plain. Moreover, the Lapiths drove out the Perrhaebians who had settled in Gyrton and Larissa. Lapiths also pressed upon Histiaeotis, where the Dorians had long resided and which was formerly called Doris. Heracles then assisted the Dorians in a battle with the Lapiths. [146]

A considerable number of Lapiths were defeated by Heracles in Thessaly and driven from their homes to seek refuge with Eurytus in Oechalia, Euboea. The battle in Euboea was the final battle between Heracles and Lapiths, resulting in heavy casualties on both sides. Eurytus himself was among those killed, along with his three sons.[147]

6.3.1.1 Iphitus, son of Eurytus

Iphitus was reportedly killed by Heracles in Tiryns in an accident. [148]

At the time, Iphitus's father, Eurytus, was in Oechalia, Messenia, while Iphitus himself is believed to have been in Nauplia, Argolis, his mother's birthplace. [149]

Meanwhile, Heracles lived in Tiryns, close to Nauplia, and is believed to have been on friendly terms with Iphitus. Heracles repented and served under Omphale of Lydia for three years. [150]

At the time, it was customary for anyone who accidentally killed someone to enter another person's household and serve for a period of time. [151]

6.3.1.2 Clytius, son of Eurytus

Clytius is said to have joined the Argonauts' expedition from Oechalia, Messenia, and was killed by Aeetes. [152]

However, there is another more credible version that states he died in a battle with Heracles at Oechalia in Euboea. [153]

6.3.1.3 Deioneus (or Didaeon), son of Eurytus

Deioneus married Perigune, daughter of Sinis of Isthmus, who was the wife of Theseus of Athens. [154]

At the time of this marriage, Deioneus likely lived in Oechalia in Messenia, but the relationship between Deioneus and Theseus is unknown.

6.3.1.4 Hippasus, son of Eurytus

Hippasus married Alcestis, daughter of Pelias of Iolcus, and had a son, Theseus. [155]

After Hippasus' death, his wife Alcestis remarried Admetus, son of Pheres of Pherae, taking her son Theseus with her. [156]

Theseus was raised by Admetus but later lived near his grandfather, Eurytus, in Euboea. [157]

6.3.1.5 Eurytus' two sons, Toxeus and Molion

Toxeus and Molion, along with their father and brothers, died in battle defending Oechalia in Euboea against Heracles. [158]

7 Spread of Lapiths Settlements

In 1365 BC, the Lapiths were born north of the Peneius River in northern Thessaly.

In 1340 BC, the Lapiths who lived north of the Peneius River migrated to Lesbos.

In 1320 BC, the Lapiths who lived north of the Peneius River migrated to Rhodes.

In 1310 BC, the Lapiths who lived north of the Peneius River migrated to Andania in Messenia.

In 1310 BC, the Lapiths who lived north of the Peneius River migrated upstream and founded Oechalia.

In 1306 BC, the Lapiths who lived in Rhodes migrated to Olenus in Achaia.

In 1305 BC, the Lapiths who lived in Oechalia migrated to Messenia and founded Oechalia.

In 1293 BC, the Lapiths who lived north of the Peneius River migrated to Itonus on the west coast of the Pagasetic Gulf.

In 1285 BC, the Lapiths who lived in Olenus in Achaia migrated to Eleia and founded Hyrmina.

In 1280 BC, the Lapiths who lived in Andania migrated to the west coast of Messenia and founded Arene.

In 1280 BC, the Lapiths, who lived north of the Peneius River, migrated to the east of the Peneius River and founded Gyrton.

In 1265 BC, the Lapiths, who lived in Olenus in Achaia, migrated to Aetolia and founded Olenus.

In 1260 BC, the Lapiths, who lived north of the Peneius River, migrated to Tricca, upstream of the Peneius River.

In 1246 BC, the Lapiths expanded their settlement around Mount Pelion.

In 1243 BC, the Lapiths, who lived in Oechalia, migrated near Gyrton and founded Mopsium.

In 1237 BC, the Lapiths, who lived in Oechalia in Messenia, migrated to Euboea and founded Oechalia.

In 1235 BC, the Lapiths, who lived in Itonus, migrated east of Iolcus and founded Ormenion.

In 1186 BC, the Lapiths, who lived in Thessaly, migrated to Argolis, Pharae in Messenia, Patrae in Achaia, Caria, and Colophon in Ionia.

In 1111 BC, the Lapiths, who lived in Thessaly, migrated to Athens.

8 Greek Dark Ages

The Lapiths lived in Athens, Argolis, Messenia, Colophon in Ionia, and Cos.

End