Ancient Greek Chronological table (1099-1000 BC)

1099 BC | Oxylus held the Olympic Games. [Paus.5.8.5]

** After Oxylus, the Olympic Games were suspended until Iphitus restored them. [Paus.5.8.5]

1099 BC | Theras dedicated a sanctuary of Athena to Sparta. [Paus.3.15.6]

1099 BC | the Minyans, who had settled in Lacedaemon, escaped from prison and barricaded themselves inside. [Herod.4.146]

1099 BC | Theras emigrated to Calliste, became king there, and renamed the island Thera. [Paus.3.15.6, Strabo.8.3.19]

** The immigrants consisted of Lacedaemonians and a portion of Minyans who had fled to Laconia from Lemnos, pursued by the Pelasgians. [Paus.7.2.2]

** Theras's immigrants included Minyans. [Herod.4.148, Paus.7.2.2]

** At that time, the island was inhabited by descendants of colonists led by Membliarus, son of Poeciles, who split off from Cadmus in 1425 BC. [Herod.4.147]

1099 BC | Eurysthenes and Procles helped found the colony of Theras. [Paus.3.1.7]

1097 BC | Scillus of Triphylia built a Doric-style temple to Hera at Olympia. [Paus.5.16.1]

** This was approximately eight years after Oxylus took possession of Elis. [Paus.5.16.1]

** Scillus later rebelled against Elis together with Pisa, suggesting that the founder of Scillus was likely Pelops' son. [Paus.5.6.4]

1095 BC | King Melanthus of Athens died. Codrus ascended to the throne of Athens. [Euseb.185]

1095 BC | Procles, son of Pityreus, led the former inhabitants of Epidaurus from Athens to settle in Samos and found the city. [Paus.2.26.1, Paus.7.4.2, Strabo.14.1.3]

1090 BC | Ceisus, son of Temenus, gathered the inhabitants and founded Argos. [Strabo.10.4.18]

1090 BC | Procles gathered the inhabitants and founded Sparta at the same time as Argos. [Strabo.10.4.18]

1087 BC | Rhegnidas, son of Phalces, son of Temenus, led an army from Argos and Sicyon in an expedition to Phlius. [Paus.2.13.1]

1087 BC | Rhegnidas, son of Phalces, became king of Phlius. [Paus.2.13.2]

1087 BC | Hippasus of Phlius emigrated to Samos. [Paus.2.13.2]

1085 BC | Cresphontes and his two sons were killed by Polyphontes, a descendant of the "true" Heracles, and he usurped the throne of Messenia. [Apo.2.8.5, Paus.4.3.7]

** Polyphontes is thought to be the grandson of the eldest son of Cleodaeus, son of Hyllus, son of Heracles.

1085 BC | Xuthus' three sons, Cothus, Aeclus, and Ellops, founded the towns of Chalcis, Eretria, and Ellopia in Euboea, respectively.

** Ellops also conquered the surrounding towns of Histiaea, Perias, Cerinthus, Aedepsus, and Orobia. [Plut.QuestGr.22, Strabo.10.1.3, Herod.5.57]

1085 BC | the Gephyraeans of the Eretria district of Athens migrated to Euboea and founded Eretria. [Herod.5.57, Strabo.10.1.3]

1082 BC | Cresphontes' youngest son, Aepytus, became king of Messenia. [Apo.2.8.5, Paus.4.3.8, Paus.8.5.7]

** Aepytus received support from his uncle Holaeas of Arcadia, Isthmius, son of Temenus, of Argos, and Eurysthenes and Procles of Sparta.

1075 BC | Amphiclus, likely the son of Xuthus, settled in Chios from Histiaea in Euboea. [Paus.7.4.8]

1075 BC | Aletes, along with Melas, son of Antasus, from Gonussa, set out for Corinth. [Paus.2.4.4, Paus.7.26.13, Photios.186.26]

** Aletes was the son of Hippotas, son of Phylas, son of Antiochus, son of Heracles, and a contemporary of Temenus.

** Melas was a descendant of Gonussa, daughter of Sicyon, son of Marathon. [Newton.Chro.62]

1075 BC | Aletes encamped on the hill of Solygia, fought against the rebellious inhabitants (Aeolis), and drove them out of Corinth. [Paus.2.4.3, Thucy.4.42]

1075 BC | Aletes succeeded Propodas' two sons, Doridas and Hyanthias, as king of Corinth, and made Melas his co-patriate. [Paus.2.4.4]

** Melas was the ancestor of Cypselus, son of Eetion, who became tyrant of Corinth in 657 BC. [Paus.2.4.4]

** Aletes fled Corinth and then returned. [FGrH.Nr76.F80]

1075 BC | Pelasgians, children born to Athenian women, migrated from Lemnos to Laconia. [Plut.Mor.247]

** Herodotus combines the migration of the Minyans in 1115 BC with the migration of the Pelasgians to Laconia in 1075 BC.

1075 BC | Pelasgians fled from Sparta to Eleia and founded Lepreum, Macistus, Phryxae, Pyrgus, Epium, and Nudium. [Herod.4.148]

** Herodotus attributes the founding of six towns in southern Eleia to the Minyans, but it is likely the Pelasgians and Helots. [Plut.Mor.247]

** According to Herodotus, the Minyans were people expelled from Lemnos by the Pelasgians, who were themselves expelled from Athens. It seems unlikely that the Minyans alone could have founded six towns.

1074 BC | Codrus, son of Melanthus, was killed in battle against the Dorians of Peloponnesus, who were attacking Athens. [Paus.7.25.2, Polya.1.18]

** Aletes (vagabond) attacked Athens. [Photios.186.26]

** However, this is doubtful, since Aletes' ancestor, Antiochus, son of Heracles, was the eponym of Antiochis, one of the ten tribes of Athens. [Paus.1.5.1]

** Codrus was killed by the Peloponnesians near the Ilissus River. [Paus.1.19.5]

1074 BC | the Dorians expelled the Ionians from Megara, a territory of Athens, and founded the Dorian city of Megara. [Paus.1.39.4, Strabo.9.1.7]

** Later, as Megara grew in power, it waged war against its mother city, Corinth. [FGrH.Nr327.F9]

1073 BC | Neileus, son of Codrus, led the first colony from Prytaneum in Athens and settled in Miletus. [Herod. 1.146, Paus. 7.2.6]

** Neileus's colony was the official colony that departed from the Athenian city hall. [Herod. 1.146]

** Neileus's colony was the second independent expedition sent by Athens, following Iolaus' colony. [Paus. 1.29.5]

** Philistus, son of Pasicles, who accompanied Neileus, built a temple of Eleusinian Ceres near the northwest coast of Miletus. [Herod. 9.97]

1073 BC | Philogenes and Damon, sons of Euctemon from Athens, founded Phocaea. [Strabo.14.1.3]

** Philogenes and Damon sailed with the Neileus colony, but were separated from Neileus along the way. [Paus.7.2.4]

1070 BC | Cydrelus (or Cyaretus), the illegitimate son of Codrus, founded Myus, a short distance upstream from Miletus. [Paus.7.2.10, Plut.Mor.253a, Strabo.14.1.3]

1070 BC | the Philonomos people, led by Polis and Delphos, migrated to Crete, captured Gortyn, and settled with the natives. [Photios.186.36, 47]

** Pollis and Delphus were associated with Althaemenes (one generation after Procles [Strabo.10.4.18]). [Photios.186.47]

** Pollis, Delphus, and Crataidas were Spartans, but their leaders were Pelasgians. [Plut.Mor.247]

** The people led by Delphus and Crataidas settled in Melos. [Plut.Mor.247]

** Most of the people, led by Pollis, settled in eastern Crete and founded Lyctus. [Plut.Mor.247]

1070 BC | a group led by Apodasmos did not cross over to Crete but settled in Melos. [Photios.186.36]

** Apodasmos is thought to be the son of Philonomus. [Commentary on Thucydides Book 5]

** The Melians were settlers from Lacedaemon. [Herod. 8.48, Thucydides. 5.84]

** The Dorians invited Timomachus from Thebes to lead the war against Amyclae. [FGrH.Nr70.F16, Pind.Is.7.1]

1070 BC | Althaemenes led the Dorians and Pelasgians from Argos to colonize Crete. [Photios. 186.47, Strabo. 14.2.6]

** The 4th-century BC historian Ephorus reports that the Dorians, led by Althaemenes, founded 10 cities in Crete. [Strabo. 10.4.15]

1070 BC | Althaemenes migrated to Rhodes and founded Lindus, Ialysos, and Kameiros. [Photios.186.36, 47]

** 1389 BC | Lindus, Ialysus, and Cameirus, sons of Cercaphus, son of Rhodos, founded three towns in Rhodes. [Diod.5.57.8, Strabo.14.2.8]

** 1213 BC | Tlepolemus, son of Heracles, migrated to Rhodes and founded the same three towns. [Diod.4.58.8]

** However, in 1430 BC | Danaus landed at Lindus in Rhodes. [Apo.2.1.4, Diod.5.58.1]

** Althaemenes's colony included Dorians living in Megara, which the Dorians founded on their way back from the siege of Athens. [Strabo.14.2.6]

** The rulers of Rhodes passed from the Heliadae to the Phoenicians, then the Carians, who were eventually replaced by the Dorians. [Photios.186.47]

** Cleobulus of Lindus in Rhodes, one of the Seven Sages of Greece, is believed to have been a descendant of Althaemenes. [Diogenes.1.89, Paus.10.24.1]

1070 BC | Anthes led a colony from Troezen into Caria and founded Halicarnassus and Myndus. [Paus.2.30.9, StephByz.A74.6, Strabo.14.2.16]

** Anthes was a descendant of Aetius, the son of Anthas. [Paus.2.30.9]

** Althaemenes settled in Rhodes, and some of his colonies were dispersed to Halicarnassus, Cnidus, and Cos. [Strabo.14.2.6]

** The Peloponnesians who migrated to Rhodes and Cnidus were Dorians, and the cause of their migration was famine. [Suda.la.555]

1068 BC | Androclus, son of Codrus, expelled the Carians and Leleges and founded Ephesus. [Strabo.14.1.3]

1068 BC | Codrus' son Andraemon expelled the Carians and founded Lebedus. [Paus.7.3.5, Strabo.14.1.3]

1065 BC | Codrus's two sons, Damasichthon and Promethus, led the Ionians to Colophon and were allowed to live with them by the Cretans. [Paus.7.3.3, Strabo.14.1.3]

** The inhabitants of Colophon were originally from Pylus. [Strabo.14.1.4]

1065 BC | the Ionians, led by Codrus' illegitimate son Nauclus, settled in Teos. [Paus.7.3.6, Strabo.14.1.3]

1065 BC | the Ephesians, led by Androclus, invaded Samos and expelled the island's inhabitants. [FGrH.Nr70.F166, Paus.7.4.3, Plut.GreekQuest.55]

** The reason was that Leogorus, son of Procles of Samos, was conspiring against the Ionians in league with the Carians.

** Some of the island's inhabitants emigrated to Samothrace.

** The rest accompanied Leogorus to the mainland and settled in Anaea, the burial site of the Amazons, or Mycale, across the island.

** The Samians recaptured Samos ten years after their exile. [Paus.7.4.3]

1060 BC | Promethus, son of Codrus, who lived in Colophon, killed his brother Damasichthon and fled to Naxos. [Paus.7.3.3]

** After Promethus' death, the inhabitants of Colophon welcomed his body, brought from Naxos, into their city. [Paus.7.3.3]

1060 BC | Nauclus, the illegitimate son of Codrus, his brother Damasus, and Apoecus and Geres, the great-grandsons of Melanthus, settled in Teos. [Paus.7.3.6, Strabo.14.1.3]

** Geres the Boeotian led the Boeotians. [Paus.7.3.6]

1060 BC | a group of Samians from Samothrace founded Perinthus on the northern shore of the Propontis Sea. [Plut.GreekQuest.57]

** Between its founding and the reign of Darius I, the Paeonians living in the Strymon Basin captured Perinthus. [Herod.5.1]

1060 BC | Aepytus, son of Neileus, son of Codrus, led the Ionians and founded Priene in Ionia. [Paus.7.2.10, Strabo.14.1.3]

1060 BC | Cnopus, the illegitimate son of Codrus, gathered people from all over Ionia and settled in Erythrae. [FGrH.Nr1.F228, Paus.7.3.7, Polya.8.43, Strabo.14.1.3]

** Erythrae was called Cnopopolis.

1055 BC | Gras, son of Echelas (or Archelaus), son of Penthilus, captured Lesbos with the support of Lacedaemon. [Paus.3.2.1, Strabo.13.1.3]

1055 BC | Gras, son of Echelas (or Archelaus), took possession of Aeolis, between Ionia and Mysia. [Paus.3.2.1]

** Gras advanced as far as the Granicus River. [Strabo.13.1.3]

** This was a reoccupation, as Penthilus had previously occupied Lesbos. [Paus.3.2.1]

** Gras led a migration from Aeolis to Lesbos. [Athen.11.466c] Thus, the reoccupation of Lesbos occurred after the colonization of Aeolis.

** The colonization of Aeolis began four generations earlier than the colonization of Ionia and lasted longer. [Strabo.13.1.3]

1055 BC | the Samians, who had been expelled from the island, drove the Ephesians from Samos and recaptured the island. [Paus.7.4.3, Plut.QuestGr.55]

1053 BC | Androclus of Ephesus was killed in battle while rescuing Priene from Carian attacks. [Paus.7.2.9, FGrH.Nr70.F126, StephByz.A1.1]

1050 BC | the Ionians, led by Paralus (or Parphorus) of Colophon, founded Clazomenae. [Paus.7.3.8-9, Strabo.14.1.3]

** Since the majority of the Ionians were Achaeans of Cleonae and Phlius, who had been driven out by the Heracleidae, Paralus is likely a descendant of Codrus. [Paus.7.3.9]

1043 BC | Philotas, a descendant of Peneleus, son of Hippalcimus, emigrated from Thebes to Priene in Ionia and rebuilt the city. [Paus.7.2.10, Strabo.14.1.3]

** The founder of Priene was Aepytus, son of Neileus, son of Codrus. [Paus.7.2.10, Strabo.14.1.3]

** Apollodorus of Athens reports that 267 years passed between the Ionian migration and the first Olympiad (776 BC), placing the completion of the Ionian migration in 1043 BC. [Euseb.Chron.179]

1020 BC | Hector [born 1050 BC], fourth descendant of Amphiculus, expelled the Abantes and Carians from Chios and joined the Ionian League. [Paus.7.4.10]

1020 BC | the Samians joined the Ionian League. [Paus.7.4.3]

** This appears to have occurred at least one generation after the recapture of Samos from the Ephesians.

1020 BC | Chalcinus and Daetus, the tenth-generation descendants of Cephalus, son of Deion, emigrated to Athens. [Paus. 7.4.3]