Ancient Greek Chronological table (1499-1400 BC)

1495 BC | Meliteus, son of Hellen and Othreis, founded Melitaea. [Antoninus.13, FGrH.Nr4.F125]

** During the time of Deucalion and Hellen, the town was called Pyrrha, but it is believed that it was renamed Melitaea during the time of Meliteus. [Strabo.9.5.6]

1492 BC | a severe drought struck Greece. [Diod.1.29.1]

1492 BC | Erichthonius, son of Cranaus' daughter Atthis, emigrated from Egypt to Athens. [Diod.1.29.1, Paus.1.2.6]

** Erichthonius expelled Amphictyon and became king of Athens. [Diod.1.29.1, Paus.1.2.6]

** Erichthonius was a cousin of Celeus, son of Rharus, son of Cranaus, who lived in Eleusis. [Newton.Chro.143]

** Rharus came to Eleusis with Erichthonius from Egypt.

** Barley seeds were first sown in the Rharium plain near Eleusis in 1492 BC. [Diod.1.29.2, Paus.1.38.6]

** It is believed that Rharus brought the seeds from Egypt and sowed them.

** It was Peloponnesus to whom Triptolemus first gave seeds of the Demeter fruit. [Xeno.Hel.6.3.6]

** Myles, son of Lelex, invented the millstone and ground flour. [Paus.3.20.2]

1490 BC | Orchomenus, son of Lycaon, founded Orchomenus in Arcadia. [Paus.8.3.3]

1480 BC | Orchomenus founded Methydrium in Arcadia. [Paus.8.3.3, Paus.8.36.1]

1480 BC | the Pelasgians moved their oracle from Scotussa in Thessaly to Dodona. [Strabo.7.7.10-12, Strabo.9.5.23]

** Thessalus, son of Haemon, built a temple at Dodona. [Hyginus.225]

** The sanctuary (of Dodona) was also from the beginning of the Pelasgian period. [Strabo.9.2.4]

** The sanctuary at Dodona itself is thought to have been founded by the Pelasgians.

1470 BC | Xuthus, son of Hellen, was expelled from Thessaly by his brothers Aeolus and Dorus and settled in Athens. [Paus.7.1.2]

** Xuthus married Creusa, daughter of Erichthonius, the fourth king of Athens. [Paus.7.1.2]

1470 BC | Tegeates, son of Lycaon, founded Tegea. [Paus.8.3.4]

1465 BC | Xuthus founded Tetrapolis (Oenoe, Marathon, Probalinthus, Tricorynthus) in northeastern Attica. [Strabo.8.7.1]

1460 BC | Dorus, son of Hellen, migrated from Melitaea to the Peneius River basin in northern Thessaly. [Herod.1.56]

** Dorus became the ancestor of the Dorians. [Apo.1.7.3]

1450 BC | a famine occurred in Arcadia. [Paus.8.53.3]

1450 BC | Tegeates' sons, Cydon, Gortys, and Archedius, migrated from Tegea to Crete. [Diod.5.80.1, Paus.8.53.4]

** Tegeates' sons founded Cydonia, Gortyna, and Catreus.

** Diodorus lists the Pelasgians as inhabitants of Crete following the Eteocretans. [Diod.5.80.1]

1450 BC | Heraeus, son of Lycaon, founded Heraea on the right bank of the Alpheius River in Arcadia. [Paus.8.26.1]

1450 BC | Hyperetus, son of Lycaon, migrated to the region of Achaia and founded Hyperesia. [StephByz.Y650.17]

1450 BC | Caucon, son of Lycaon, migrated from Arcadia to southern Eleia and founded Lepreum. [Strabo.8.3.16]

1450 BC | Cyrbas, who lived in Cnossus, migrated to the southeastern coast of the island and founded Hierapytna. [Cleme.Exho.2, Nonnus.14.23, Strabo.8.6.13]

1450 BC | Hierapytna destroyed Prasus (or Priansos). [Strabo.10.4.12]

** Hierapytna's destruction of Prasus may have occurred at a later date.

1450 BC | Erysichthon migrated from Prasus in Crete to Rhodes. [Estimated from FGrH.Nr4.F122 and Strabo.10.3.19]

** The migration from Prasus is likely due not to an attack by Hierapytna, but to the settlement of Gortys, son of Tegeates, in Gortyna.

1450 BC | Erysichthon married Rhodos, daughter of Halia of Telchine, and had seven sons. [Diod.5.55.4, Diod.5.56.5]

1446 BC | Orchomenus' daughter, Sterope (or Asterie, Asterope), married Heraeus, son of Lycaon, who lived in Heraea, Arcadia. [Estimated from Paus. 8.20.1-4 and Paus. 8.26.1]

1445 BC | Hypseus, son of Aeolus, emigrated from Melitaea to the vicinity of Mount Pelion. [Diod. 4.81.1]

1442 BC | Xuthus, son of Hellen, emigrated from Attica to the region of Aegialus (later Achaia). [Paus. 7.1.3]

** Following the death of his father-in-law, King Erechtheus, Xuthus likely led a people unable to support themselves in Attica in search of a new home. [Paus. 7.1.2]

** Xuthus, son of Hellen, was the first Aeolian to enter the Peloponnesus.

1440 BC | Xuthus' son, Ion, married Helice, daughter of Selinus, king of the Aegialians, and succeeded Selinus. [Paus.7.1.4]

** Selinus is presumed to be the son of Hyperetus, the founder of Hyperesia.

1438 BC | iron was accidentally discovered during a forest fire on Mount Ida in Crete. [Cleme.Str.1.21]

** Iron was discovered during the reign of Asterius, son of Teutamus (born 1442 BC). [Newton.183]

** Telchines was the first to process iron and copper. [Strabo.14.2.7]

** Amathus of Cyprus produced copper. [Ovid.10.520]

** The Idaean Dactyls of Aptera, in Berecynthus, Crete, were the first to invent a method for utilizing iron. [Diod.5.64.5]

** The Idaean Dactyls of Crete invented the first iron-smithing method. [Pliny.7.197]

** The Idaean Dactyls were the first iron producers. [FGrH.Nr333.F47]

** Celmis (and Damnameneus) of the Idaean Dactyls discovered iron in Ida, Crete, during the reign of Pandion of Athens. [Parian.Marble.11]

** Telchines migrated from Crete to Cyprus and Rhodes. [Strabo.14.2.7]

** It is said that people called Idaean Dactyls taught iron smelting and quenching in Crete. [Hesiod.ID.F1]

** The first Idaean Dactyls, Celmis and Damnameneus, discovered iron in Cyprus. [Hesiod.ID.F2]

** Kelmis and Damnaneus, Idaean Dactyls, first discovered iron in Cyprus. [Hesiod fragments cited by Cleme.Str.1.16, Euseb.Pra.10.6]

** Damnameneus and Scelmis were Telchines. [Nonnus.14.36]

** Corybantes, Cabeiri, Idaean Dactyls, and Telchines, identical with Curetes, were of the same clan. [Strabo.10.3.7]

1435 BC | Achaeus, son of Xuthus, gained allies from Athens and returned from the Aegialus region to Melitaea in Thessaly. [Paus.7.1.3]

1435 BC | Mimas, son of Aeolus, son of Hellen, migrated northwest from Melitaea and founded Arne. [Inferred from Paus.7.1.3, exiled by Achaeus]

** Mimas's brothers Athamas and Sisyphus are also thought to have migrated from Melitaea to Arne.

1435 BC | Teuclus set sail from Aptera in Crete and landed near Hamaxitus on the Trood. [Strabo.13.1.48]

** This likely occurred prior to Cadmus' visit to Samothrace, possibly related to the earlier discovery of iron by the Idaean Dactyls.

** The Teucrians gave Mount Ida the same name as a mountain in Crete. [Strabo.13.1.48]

** Teucrus founded Teucris (later Dardanus) near the Hellespontus Strait. [Antiq.1.61.4, StephByz.D218.1]

** Teukros was king of Gergis. [Herod.5.122, 7.43]

1433 BC | the Idaean Dactyls, who accompanied Teucrus, discovered promising deposits around Mount Ida and began processing iron. [Strabo.10.3.22]

** The Idaean Dactyls produced iron at Mount Ida near Cyzicus. [Diod.17.7.5]

1432 BC | Aeolus was born in Arne, Thessaly, as the son of Hippotes, son of Mimas, and Melanippe. [Diod.4.67.3, Home.Od.10.2]

1431 BC | the Idaean Dactyls, along with Cabeiri, traveled to the islands of Lemnos, Imbros, and Samothrace. [Estimated from Strabo.10.3.22]

1430 BC | Ion, son of Xuthus, founded Helices, named after his wife, Helices. [Paus.7.1.4]

1430 BC | Agenor emigrated from Thebes, Egypt, to Sidon, Phoenicia. [Diod. 1.23.4, Pliny. 5.76]

1430 BC | Danaus set sail from Chemmis in Egypt and landed at Lindus in Rhodes. [Apo. 2.1.4, Diod. 5.58.1, Herod. 2.91]

** Among the many pagan leaders expelled from Egypt, Danaus and Cadmus were the most famous. [Diod. 40.3]

** Lindus was a city established after the flood of 1390 BC.

1430 BC | Danaus built a temple to Athena in Lindus, Rhodes, after losing three of his daughters. [Diod.5.58.1]

** Danaus' daughters, who remained in Rhodes, built it. [Strabo.14.2.13]

** Helike and Archedike, who were chosen by lottery, built the Lindian Temple of Athena. [Parian.Marble.9]

** The seated statue of Athena was made of wood. [Euseb.Pra.3.8]

** Danaus had 50 daughters. [Apo.2.1.4, Hyginus.168, Lucian Dial.6, Pind N.10.1, Plut.Mor.837e, Strabo.5.2.4, Tze.7.360]

1430 BC | Danaus landed near Pyramia in Thyrea, on the border between Argos and Lacedaemon. [Plut.Pyrrhus.32]

** Danaus' final landing site was Apobathmi near Lerna. [Paus.2.38.4]

** Cadmus [Dictys.5.17, Diod.3.67.1, Herod.5.58, Hyginus.277] and Danaus [Dictys.5.17, FGrH.Nr1.F20] transmitted the Phoenician alphabet.

** The Egyptians invented the alphabet, and the Phoenicians introduced it to the Greeks. [Tacit.Ann.11.14]

** The Phoenicians, who migrated with Cadmus, brought it with them, and when their language became Greek, it became the Greek alphabet. [Herod.5.58]

1430 BC | Danaus seized control of Argos from Gelanor, son of Sthenelas (or Stheneleus, Sthenelus, or Sthelenus). [Paus.2.16.1, Plut.Pyrrhus.32, Jerome Chro.1475]

** Gelanor fled to Sicyon, where his people lived. [Inferred from Paus.2.6.5]

** There was a battle between Danaus and Gelanor. [Jerome.1475] Gelanor surrendered to Danaus. [Apo.2.1.4]

** Gelanor was driven from the city in a civil war, and Danaus attacked it and won. [Plut.Pyrr.32]

** Danaus demanded the kingship from Gelanor and then usurped it. [Paus.2.19.3, Paus.2.16.1]

1430 BC | Danaus' brother Aegyptus settled in Aroe (later Patrae) in the northwest of the Peloponnesus Peninsula. Aegyptus' tomb was located in Aroe. [Paus.7.21.13]

1430 BC | Orus, likely Danaus' brother, founded Oraea (later Troezen). [Paus.2.30.5]

1430 BC | Danaus' uncle Lelex settled in the area that would later become Lacedaemon. [Apo.3.10.3, Paus.1.39.6, Paus.1.44.3]

** The region came to be called Lelegia, and its inhabitants Leleges. [Paus.4.1.1, Paus.1.44.3]

1430 BC | Lelex left Lacedaemon in the care of his son Myles and moved to Megara. [Apo.3.10.3, Paus.1.39.6, Paus.1.44.3]

** The people of the region came to be called Leleges. [Paus.1.39.6]

1430 BC | the husband of Lelex's daughter Therapne founded Therapne near Lacedaemon. [Paus.3.19.9, Strabo.7.7.2]

1430 BC | Dardanus emigrated from Methydrium in Arcadia to Samothrace. [Antiq.1.61.3, Paus.8.36.1]

** Dardanus's mother's sister, Alcyone, joined Dardanus's migration along with her husband Megassares, her two sons Hyperenor and Hyrieus, and her daughter Pharnace. [Apo.3.10.1, Paus.9.22.5]

1430 BC | Parus, son of Parrhasius, son of Lycaon, emigrated from Parrhasia in Arcadia to the island of Paros. [StephByz.P507.5, Dic:Parrhasius]

1430 BC | Celmis and Damnameneus discovered iron in Cyprus. [Hesiod.ID.F2]

1430 BC | Merope, daughter of Orchomenus, fled from Orchomenus in Arcadia to Hyperesia in the Achaian region. [Inferred from the marriage of Sisyphus and Merope (Apo.3.10.1)]

1429 BC | Cybele, a Cabeiri who traveled to Samothrace with the Idaean Dactyls, married Iasion, brother of Dardanus. [Diod.5.49.2]

1426 BC | Cadmus, son of Agenor, set sail from Sidon with a colony. [Diod.4.2.1, Isocrates.Helen.68, Ovid.Meta.3.120, Pliny.5.76]

** Cadmus, who was a citizen of Egyptian Thebes. [Diod.1.23.4]

** Phoenix and Cadmus, having set out from Egyptian Thebes into Syria, reigned in Tyre and Sidon. [Jerome Chro.1454]

1426 BC | Cadmus landed at Lindus in Rhodes. [Diod.5.58.2]

1426 BC | Merope married Sisyphus, son of Aeolus. [Apo.3.10.1]

1425 BC | Astypalaea, daughter of Phoenix, who was part of Cadmus's immigrant group, married Heracles, an Idaean from Aptera. [Estimated from Paus.7.4.1]

1425 BC | Europa, daughter of Phoenix, who was part of Cadmus's immigrant group, married Cydon, son of Tegeates, founder of Cydonia. [Estimated]

1425 BC | Cadmus stopped at the island of Calliste (later known as Thera), where a group of people led by Membliarus, son of Poeciles, settled on the island. [Herod.4.147]

1425 BC | Cadmus stopped at Samothrace, where he was initiated and married Harmonia. [Diod.5.48.5]

1425 BC | Cadmus traveled from Samothrace to Thracia. [Inferred from the death of Cadmus' mother, Telephassa, in Thracia and the discovery of gold mines on Mount Pangaeus.]

1425 BC | the sons of Rhodos (Heliadae) expelled the Telchines from Rhodes. [Diod. 5.56.1, Nonnus. 14.36]

1425 BC | Lycus of Telchines emigrated from Rhodes to Lycia near the Xanthus River and dedicated a temple to Apollo Lycius. [Diod. 5.56.1]

1425 BC | Lynceus, son of Aegyptus, married Hypermnestra, eldest daughter of Danaus. [Apo. 2.2.1, Pindaros. 622]

** Hypermnestra was a priestess at the temple of Hera in Argos. [Jerome Chro. 1434, Newton Chro. 139]

1425 BC | Cilix, son of Agenor, moved to Cilicia near Mount Ida and founded Thebe. [Apo. 3.1.1]

** Cilix's daughter, Thebe, married Corybas of Mount Ida, and it is likely that Cilix named the town after her. [Diod. 5.49.3]

1425 BC | Archander, son of Achaeus, married Cyrene, daughter of Hypseus. [Diod. 4.81.2, Hyginus. 161, Nonnus. 13.286]

1424 BC | Aristaeus was born in Melitaea, Thessaly, to Archander, son of Achaeus, and Cyrene, daughter of Hypseus. [Diod. 4.81.2]

1423 BC | Abas was born in Argos, the son of Lynceus and Hypermnestra. [Apo. 2.2.1, Paus. 2.16.2]

1422 BC | Cadmus discovered gold near Mount Pangaeus, north of the Chalcidice Peninsula. [Cleme. Str. 1.16, Euseb. Pra. 10.6, Strabo. 14.5.28, Plin. 7.197, Newton. 146]

** The group of artisans accompanying Cadmus were the Telchines, also known as the Idaean Dactyls. [Newton.146]

** Cadmus found gold in the mountain Pangæus in Thracia, and copper at Thebes. [Newton.146]

1422 BC | Cadmus's mother, Telephassa, died in Thracia. [Apo.3.4.1]

1420 BC | The First Aegean Sea Tsunami

** Diodorus reports that Cadmus founded Cadmeia after the Deucalion flood. [Diodorus.19.53]

1420 BC | a tsunami struck Rhodes. [Diodorus.5.56.2]

1420 BC | Dardanus of Samothrace's wife Chryse and brother Iasus died in the tsunami. [Estimated]

1420 BC | Dardanus emigrated to the Trood from Samothrace. [Apo.3.12.1, Diod.5.49.2, Hesiod.CW.F102]

** Dardanus founded Dardanus at the foot of Mount Ida. [Apo.3.12.1]

** He lived with the Teucrians, who lived in Teucris. [Antiq.1.61.4]

1420 BC | the people who settled on the coast of Thracia with Cadmus were devastated by a tsunami. [Estimated]

1420 BC | Danaus died, and his son-in-law, Lynceus, inherited control of Argos. [Paus.2.16.1, Cleme.Str.1.21]

1420 BC | Cadmus migrated from Thracia to Boeotia and founded Cadmeia (later Thebes). [Herod.1.56, Strabo.9.2.3]

** Cadmus likely chose Cadmeia because of the presence of exposed copper ore. [Pliny.34.117]

** The ore came to be called cadmea. [Pliny.34.2]

** Curetes (Idaean Dactyli), a follower of Cadmus, discovered copper in Cadmeia. [Newton.146]

** Curetes, a follower of Cadmus, discovered copper deposits in Chalcis, Euboea. [Newton. 146, Strabo. 10.1.9, Strabo. 10.3.19]

** Among Cadmus's colonists were the Sparti (or Spartos), second only in strength to Cadmus. [Apo. 3.4.2, Paus. 9.5.3]

** The Sparti devised a tactic of forcing their troops to kneel, then, when the enemy approached, rising up with a roar, surprising the enemy. [Photios.186.37]

** Chthonius, Udaeus, Hyperenor, Pelorus, Echion [Apo.3.4.1]

** Chthonius, Udaeus, Hyperenor, Pelorus, Echion [Hyginus.178]

** Chthonius, Udaeus, Hyperenor, Pelorus, Echion [Paus.9.5.3]

** Chthonius, Udaeus, Hyperenor, Pelorus, Echion [Tze.10.430]

** Cadmus and Danaus introduced the Phoenician alphabet to Greece. [Dictys.5.17, Euseb.Pra.1.6]

** Cadmus's immigrants included Arabians who settled in Euboea. [Strabo.10.1.8]

** The Temmics (Temmicians) also migrated to Boeotia from Cape Sunium. [Strabo.9.2.3]

** The Temmixes (Temmikes) were the first tribe to settle in Boeotia. [StephByz.T615.3, TzeAdLyco.644]

1420 BC | the Hyantes, who lived in Boeotia, were defeated by Cadmus and driven westward. [Paus.9.5.1, Paus.10.35.5]

** The Hyantes lived in Thebes. [Paus.10.35.5, TzeAdLyco.433]

** The Hyantes were centered around Onchestus. [Apollo.3.1240]

** Some of the Hyantes migrated to Aetolia. [Strabo.10.3.4]

** Later, when Aetolus migrated from Elis, it is believed that the Hyantes, who changed their name, were in the land of Curetes (the ancient name of Pleuron [Strabo.10.2.5]).

** The Hyantes were barbarians. [Strabo.9.2.3]

** The Thracians, who were driven out by the Boeotians and Orchomenians in 1126 BC | are believed to have been Hyantes living in Hyampolis. [Strabo.9.2.3-4]

1420 BC | the Aonians, defeated in battle by Cadmus, were allowed to live in Glissas. [Nonnus.5.35, Paus.9.5.1]

1420 BC | the Gephyraeans, who came from Phoenicia with Cadmus, settled around Tanagra. [Herod. 5.57, Strabo. 9.2.10]

** The leader of the Gephyraeans is believed to have been Cephisus. [Plut.QuestGr.40] Tanagra was called Gephyra. [FGrH.Nr1.F118]

1420 BC | Anthas, son of Alcyone, daughter of Atlas, founded Anthedon. [Paus. 9.22.5, StephByz.A96.11]

1420 BC | Tectamus, son of Dorus, led a group of immigrants from Peloponnesus to Crete. [Diod.4.60.2, 5.80.2]

1420 BC | Achaeus emigrated from Melitaea in Thessaly to Peloponnesus. [Paus.7.1.6, Strabo.8.7.1]

** Achaeus likely emigrated to the Aegialus region, where he lived before going to Thessaly.

** Pausanias records that two of Achaeus' sons, Archander and Architeles, emigrated from Phthiotis to Argos. [Paus.7.1.6]

** Strabo records that Achaeus "committed the crime of negligent murder" and went into exile in Lacedaemon. [Strabo.8.7.1]

** [Presumably] Achaeus and his sons returned to the Aegialus region, and Archander and Architeles married the daughters of Danaus.

** After joining the forces of Argos in the war against Sicyon, Archander lived in Argos and served as guardian to Abas.

** At this time, the inhabitants of the area from Aegialus to Argos were called Achaeans. Later, along with Messene, who married Polycaon, son of Lelex, son of Lacedaemon, many Achaeans from Argos migrated to Andania in Messenia. The inhabitants of the area from Argolis to parts of Messenia became known as Achaeans.

** Sisyphus, accompanied by his cousin Achaeus, migrated from Thessaly to Aegialus. [Inferred from Paus. 7.1.6 and Strabo. 8.7.1]

** Merope, daughter of Orchomenus, lived in Hyperesia, near Aegialus, and Merope and Sisyphus were married.

1420 BC | Tereus migrated from Thracia to the area near Daulis in Phocis. [Strabo.7.7.1]

** Tereus was a Thracian and had a brother, Dryas. [Hyginus.45]

** During the time of Pentheus, son of Agave, daughter of Cadmus, Lycurgus, son of Dryas, was king of the Edoni along the Strymon River. [Apo.3.5.1-4]

** Tereus likely traveled south with Cadmus during his great migration.

1420 BC | Dorus, son of Hellen, migrated from near Mount Olympus to Pindus, between Mounts Oeta and Parnassus. [Herod.1.56]

** Dorus migrated after being chased by Cadmus. [Herod.1.56]

** Dorus lived in Doris in Thessaly. [Strabo.9.5.17]

** The inhabitants of Pindus were called Macedni. [Herod.1.56, StephByz.D251.6]

** Dorus gathered the Dorians around Mount Parnassus and founded Pindus. [Ps-Scym.587, Strabo.8.7.1]

1420 BC | Heracles of Mount Ida led a group of people affected by a tsunami to migrate to Eleia. [Estimated from Paus.5.7.9]

** It is believed that they decided on their destination after hearing from Cydon, who founded Cydonia, next to Aptera, where Idaean Heracles lived.

1419 BC | Heracles of Mount Ida and his five brothers held the first Olympic Games at Olympia. [Paus.5.7.9]

** Idaean Heracles (Acmon), estimated to have been born in 1445 BC | was the oldest, so this event likely occurred around this time.

** The brothers competed in a foot race, and the winner was awarded an olive wreath. [Paus.5.7.7]

** They named the Olympic Games and held them every fifth year. [Paus.5.7.9]

** Idaean Heracles' brothers were Paeonaeus, Epimedes, Iasius, and Idas. [Paus.5.7.6]

1419 BC | Dardanus remarried Teuclus' daughter, Bateia, and after Teuclus' death, Dardanus inherited the region. [Apo.3.12.1, Diod.4.75.1]

1418 BC | Tereus emigrated from Phocis to Pagae in the region of Megara. [Paus.1.41.8]

** Tereus married Procne, daughter of Pandion, king of Athens. [Apo.3.14.8, Paus.1.5.4, Hyginus.45]

** Tereus's tomb was in Megara. [Paus.1.41.8]

1418 BC | Polydorus was born to Cadmus and Harmonia. [Apo.3.4.2]

1416 BC | five Curetes of Crete expelled the Carians from Cherronesus, across the Rhodes, and founded five towns. [Diod.5.60.1]

** Presumably five brothers, including the Idaean Heracles, who first held the Olympic Games at Olympia. [Paus.5.7.9]

1415 BC | Eumolpus invaded Attica. [Strabo.7.7.1]

** Strabo writes that Eumolpus, who fought against Ion, was a Thracian, but confuses him with Eumolpus, son of Chione. [Strabo.8.7.1]

** Eumolpus is likely a descendant of Larisa, daughter of Pelasgus, who emigrated from Argos to Thessaly, for the following reasons:

** When Eumolpus' son Immaradus fought against Erechtheus of Athens, Scirus came from Dodona to support him. [Paus.1.36.4]

** At that time, Dodona was inhabited by the descendants of Larisa, the daughter of Pelasgus, who had emigrated to Thessaly. [Hyginus.225, Strabo.7.7.10]

** Eleusis was also inhabited by the descendants of the Mystery Priest Trochilus, who had emigrated from Argos. [Paus.1.14.2]

** Trochilus fled Argos to Eleusis around 1580 BC due to a conflict with Agenor, the brother of Larisa's father, Pelasgus. [Paus.1.14.2]

** Eumolpus' invasion could have occurred when he was driven out of Thessaly in 1390 BC | rather than 1415 BC | but this is ruled out for the following reasons:

** Xuthus' Ion (45) would have reached a very advanced age (70).

** The reign of the 6th king, Erechtheus (40), will take place instead of the 5th king, Pandion (55), eliminating the need for Ion to become polemarchos.

1415 BC | the Athenians temporarily fled to Tanagra in Boeotia, where the Gephyraeans lived. [Suda.delta.1395]

** This flight allowed Erechtheus to marry Praxithea. [Apo.3.15.1, Tzetzes.1.170]

1415 BC | Ion, son of Xuthus, was promoted by the Athenians to polemarchos and fought against Eumolpus, resulting in a truce. [Herod.8.44, Paus.2.14.2, FGrH.333.176]

** After the battle, Eumolpus settled in Eleusis, so it is likely that Eumolpus prevailed and Ion negotiated the truce. [Paus.2.14.2]

** In honor of Ion, who saved the Athenians, a festival called Boedromia was held in Athens. [FGrH.Nr333.F176, Suda.beta.357]

** Ion's mother was Creusa, daughter of Erechtheus, the fourth king of Athens. Pandion, the king of Athens at the time, was Ion's uncle. [Paus.7.1.2]

** At the time of Eumolpus' invasion, Ion was not residing in Potami, but likely arrived from Helice in Achaia. [Paus.7.1.3-4]

1415 BC | Celeus's brother, Dysaules, emigrated from Eleusis to Celeae near Phlius. [Paus.2.14.4]

1415 BC | Crocon, son of Triptolemus, son of Celeus, was the first Eleusinian to settle on the east side of the Rheiti River, on the border with Athens. [Paus. 1.38.2]

1415 BC | Triopas, son of Rhodos, murdered his brother Tenages with the help of his other brothers and fled to Caria. [Diod. 5.57.2]

** Triopas, son of Erysichthon, founded Triopium (or Triopion) on the Cnidus Peninsula across from Rhodes. [Diod. 5.61.1, StephByz.T636.1]

** Triopas was cleansed of his fratricide by Melisseus, king of Cherronesus. [Diod. 5.61.1]

1415 BC | Macar, son of Rhodos, fled to Lesbos. [Diod. 5.57.2]

1415 BC | Candalus, son of Rhodos, fled to the island of Cos. [Diod.5.57.2]

1415 BC | Auges (Actis, Actics, Atlas), son of Rhodos, migrated from Rhodes to Egypt and founded Heliopolis. [Diod.5.57.2]

1415 BC | Athamas, son of Aeolus, founded Halus on the west shore of the Pagasetic Gulf. [Strabo.9.5.8]

1415 BC | Deucalion, son of Dorus, migrated from Pindus to Locris near Opus. [Strabo.9.4.2]

** Ozolian Locris was settled from Locris across Euboea. [Ps-Scym.475]

** The first settler of Ozolian Locris is thought to have been Orestheus, son of Deucalion. [Athen.35b, Paus.10.38.1]

1415 BC | Triptolemus visited Eumelus in Achaia and taught him about cereal cultivation and town building. [Paus.7.18.2]

** Triptolemus was the son of Celeus, the son of Rharus, the son of Cranaus, the son of Io.

** Eumelus was the son of Aegyptus, the son of Belus, the daughter of Libya, the daughter of Epaphus, the son of Io.

1415 BC | Eumelus founded Aroe (later Patrae) in Achaia. [Paus.7.18.2]

** Eumelus is thought to be the son of Aegyptus, the brother of Danaus, whose tomb is in Aroe.

1415 BC | Eumelus and Triptolemus jointly founded Antheia near Aroe. [Paus.7.18.3]

1413 BC | Protogenia, daughter of Deucalion, was married to Aeolus, son of Hippotes, who lived in Arne, Thessaly, from Locris. [Apo.1.7.2, Paus.5.8.2]

1413 BC | Lynceus died, and his son Abas inherited rulership of Argos. [Apo.2.2.1, Paus.2.16.2]

1413 BC | Themisto, daughter of Hypseus, was married to Athamas, who lived in Halus on the west bank of the Pagasetic Gulf. [Apo.1.9.2, Hyginus.1, Paus.9.34.7]

1411 BC | Polydore, daughter of Danaus, married the son of Iphthime, who lived near the Peneus River. [Estimated from FGrH.Nr333.F8]

** Polydore's marriages were likely made possible by her sisters Scaea and Automate's marriages with the sons of Achaeus. [Paus.7.1.6]

1410 BC | Orestheus, son of Deucalion, migrated from Epicnemidian Locris to Ozolian Locris and founded Amphissa. [Athen.35b, Paus.10.38.1, Ps-Scym.475]

1410 BC | Pygmalion founded Carpasia in northeastern Cyprus. [StephByz.K361.13]

1410 BC | Sandocus, son of Astynous, migrated from Tyre in Phoenicia to Cilicia and founded Celenderis. [Apo.3.14.3, MarceReg.30]

** Astynous was the son of Phaethon, the son of Tithonus, the son of Cephalus, the son of Herse, the daughter of Cecrops. [Apo.3.14.3]

** Pygmalion and Sandocus likely emigrated at the same time as Pygmalion's daughter Metharme, who married Sandocus' son Cinyras. [Apo.3.14.3]

1410 BC | Amphictyon, the son of Deucalion, founded Antheia (or Anthela) near Thermopylae. [Herod.7.200]

1410 BC | Olenus, the son of Anaxitea, the daughter of Danaus, founded Olenus in Achaia. [FGrH.Nr334.F41]

1410 BC | Maceris founded Capsa in Libya. [Newton.114, Orosius.5.15]

1408 BC | Lamedon, son of Gelanor, who had been exiled by Danaus, invaded and occupied Argos from Sicyon. [MalaChro.4.68]

** In the fifth year of the reign of Abas (also known as Triopas), who succeeded Lynceus, Argos was occupied by Sicyon. [MalaChro.4.68]

1408 BC | Abas migrated to Phocis and founded Abae. [Paus.10.35.1]

** It is unclear why Abas migrated to Phocis, considering that Orus, who arrived with Danaus, was in Troezen, and Lelex was in Lacedaemon and Megara.

1408 BC | Amphianax, son of Antimachus, son of Aegyptus, and Midea, daughter of Danaus, emigrated to Ptolis (later Mantineia). [Estimated from Strabo.8.3.2, Paus.8.12.7]

** Like Abas, Amphianax is thought to have been exiled by Lamedon, son of Gelanor.

1408 BC | Archander, son of Achaeus, married Scaea, daughter of Danaus. [Paus.7.1.6]

1408 BC | Architeles, son of Achaeus, married Automate, daughter of Danaus. [Paus.7.1.6]

1407 BC | the son of Iphthime, daughter of Dorus, married Polydore, daughter of Danaus. [Estimated from FGrH.Nr333.F8 and Nonnus.14.105]

1407 BC | Achaeus' sons, Archander and Architeles, fought against Lamedon. [Paus.2.6.5]

** Pausanias records a battle between Archander and Lamedon, son of Coronus of Sicyon, but at a different time. [Paus.2.6.5]

** Lamedon is believed to be the son of Gelanor, who was driven from Argos by Danaus.

1407 BC | Orthopolis of Sicyon made peace by giving his daughter in marriage to Marathonius, son of Deucalion, and ceding Sicyon to him. [Estimated from Euseb.Chron.175]

** Deucalion of Locris, as a kindred spirit, is also believed to have joined the forces of Achaeus' sons.

** From this time on, the royal line of Sicyon shifted from the descendants of Inachus to the descendants of Deucalion of Thessaly.

1407 BC | Sisyphus, son of Aeolus, migrated near Sicyon and founded Ephyra (later Corinth). [Apo.1.9.3]

** Sisyphus likely joined the sons of his cousin Achaeus.

** After this, people from Thessaly migrated to various parts of Argolis, including Sicyon and Corinth, and the name Achaeans likely became established.

1407 BC | Abas returned to Argos from Abae, and his uncle-in-law, Archander, became his guardian. [Estimated from Paus.2.6.5]

1407 BC | Aristaeus married Autonoe, daughter of Cadmus. [Apo.3.4.2, Diodorus 4.81.3, Paus 10.17.4]

1406 BC | Actaeon was born to Aristaeus and Autonoe. [Diodorus 4.81.3]

** Diodorus states that Aristaeus was the son of Cyrene, but this is likely a different person or a fictionalized account.

** If Aristaeus was the son of Cyrene, Aristaeus would not have been able to accompany his father, Archander, to Egypt.

1405 BC | Polycaon, son of Lelex of Lacedaemon, founded Andania in Messenia. [Paus 4.1.2]

** Many Achaeans from Argos, the birthplace of Polycaon's wife, Messene, participated in the founding of Andania. [Paus 4.1.2]

** When Polycaon's descendants died out, he welcomed a successor from Thessaly. [Paus.4.2.2]

** The inhabitants of Andania are likely Achaeans who migrated from Thessaly to the area around Argos with the sons of Achaeus.

** Though a branch of Lacedaemon, the region was called Messene, not Lacedaemon, after Polycaon's wife Messene. [Paus.4.1.2]

1405 BC | Nauplius, son of Amymone, daughter of Danaus, founded Nauplia near Tiryns. [Paus.4.35.2, Paus.2.38.2]

1405 BC | Arcas, son of Callisto, founded Trapezus in Arcadia. [Hyginus.176, 275]

** In honor of Arcas, the Pelasgians living in Arcadia came to be called Arcadians. [Paus. 8.4.1]

1405 BC | Triptolemus, son of Celeus, gave seeds of cultivated grain to Arcas of Arcadia. [Paus. 8.4.1]

1404 BC | Ancaeus, son of Acmon, moved near the Maeander River and founded Lelegeis (later Miletus). [Pliny. 5.31.1]

1402 BC | Archander, son of Achaeus, migrated to the Nile Delta in Egypt and founded Archandropolis. [Herod. 2.98, Paus. 7.1.6]

** Archander was accompanied by Cyrene, whom he had married in Thessaly. [Diod. 4.81.1]

** Archander and Cyrene's son, Aristaeus, also accompanied Archander. [Estimated from Diod. 4.82.4]

1402 BC | Arcas, son of Callisto, married Meganira, daughter of Crocon, son of Triptolemus. [Apo. 3.9.1]

** This connection is likely due to Meganira's grandfather, Triptolemus, visiting Arcadia.

1402 BC | Thebe, daughter of Cilix, married Corybas, son of Cybele, who lived near Mount Ida. [Diod.5.49.3, PsPlut.NRM.13]

1401 BC | Abas married Aglaia, daughter of Mantineus of Ptolis (later Mantineia) in Arcadia. [Apo.2.2.1]

1400 BC | Proetus and Acrisius were born in Argos as twin sons of Abas and Aglaia. [Pindaros.418]

1400 BC | Thasus, son of Cilix, son of Agenor, emigrated from Thebe near Mount Ida and settled on the island of Thasus. [Apo.3.1.1, Herod.2.44]

** Cilix's son Thasus likely participated in the Assuwans' revolt, as recorded in the Tudhaliya Chronicle.

1400 BC | Madduwatta was attacked by Attarsiya of Ahhiyawa and fled to Tudhaliya I. [wiki: Madduwatta]

** Madduwatta was granted rulership of Zippasla and the Siyanda River Land by Tudhaliya I. [wiki: Madduwatta]

1400 BC | Maceris migrated from Canopus, Egypt, to the western edge of the Mediterranean Sea and founded Heraclea (later Calpe). [Strabo.3.1.7]

1400 BC | Auson's son, Liparus, was driven from the Italian peninsula by his brothers and settled on the island of Lipara, northeast of Sicily. [Diod.5.7.5]

** Until then, Lipara was called Meligunis. [Calli. Hym. 3.46, Strabo. 6.2.10, Pliny. 3.93]