The difference is that traditions and customs are practiced over a long period by many people. A habit is more informal, and is usually limited to one person. Let's talk more about traditions and customs first. Traditions can include what most people in a country do on holidays.
FUNCTIONS
Comparing customs and habitsPresenting contrasting informationMaking generalizationsGRAMMAR
Clauses and phrases showing contrast and exceptionPast habitual with used to and wouldVOCABULARY
Expressions related to accepting or changing thingsSPEAKING & PODCASTING
Talking about what is typicalDiscussing what makes you typical or notDiscussing the effect of major life changesGiving advice in a role playLISTENING PODCASTS
Three people discuss how they're unique or typicalThree people describe how they solved a problemBONUS
WRITING
Identifying supporting statementsWriting a paragraph with supporting statementsREADING
ARTICLE8 Habits of Incredibly Interesting People (external link)ASSESSMENT
Oral Quiz
In your country, what do you normally say and do when you ...
first meet somebody new?
meet someone you know well?
👧We hug and kiss.
👦We shake hands and say...
Check✅ True or False. Correct the false sentences.
1 The last time Rachel and Annie saw each other was six year ago.
2 Annie lives a long way from the town centre.
3 Rachel and Mark got married a year ago.
4 Annie has a boyfriend.
5 Rachel, Mark and Annie decided to go to a restaurant together.
Choose the answer that makes each sentence true for you. Then compare answers wit your group. Are you typical in your group?
Jackson: Unlike most of the people in my group, I need eight or more hours of sleep or I don't feel rested. Most people in my group need only six hours or less.
Are these adjectives, verbs and phrases related to accepting things as they are or to making changes?
Put them in the correct boxes.Using the expressions in the chart describe what you think these people might be like. Give examples to explain your ideas.
Amber: I just met your sister. She’s so passionate about changing society! She really wants to (1) follow the crowd / make waves / fit in.
Becca: Oh yes, Olivia and I are pretty different. I tend to follow the rules and am much more (2) conventional / rebellious / unconventional than she is.
Amber: What was it like growing up in your family? Did your parents teach you to behave yourself and (3) accept / stand up to / confront society’s rules?
Becca: Actually, our parents were pretty (4) unconventional / amenable / conservative in their attitudes. At a time when most of their friends were becoming bankers and lawyers, my parents helped set up food pantries to feed poor people in our town.
Amber: Well, that helps explain why Olivia is so active in organizing that free tutoring program at the community center. But why do you think you’re so different from her?
Becca: I guess it’s just my personality. I want to help people, but I’m kind of shy and don’t like to (5) fit in / follow the crowd / confront people.
Amber: I think that’s good! You’re (6) being your own person / being rebellious / making waves after all.
1. What examples does Yoshiko give for how she is typical? In what way is she different?
2. What are three ways that Diego’s life is typical? In what way doesn’t he follow the crowd?
3. Does Suzanne give an example of how her life is unconventional? If so, what is it?
Do Yoshiko, Diego, and Suzanne believe they are typical or different from most people of their age?
How about you? Do you tend to go with the flow or be your own person?
Discuss these questions.1. Are your interests similar to those of your friends and family or different? Explain.
2. In what ways do the clothes you wear make you stand out or fit in?
3. How does your taste in music compare to that of other people of your age?
Amber: I just met your sister. She’s so passionate about changing society! She really wants to (1) follow the crowd / make waves / fit in.
Becca: Oh yes, Olivia and I are pretty different. I tend to follow the rules and am much more (2) conventional / rebellious / unconventional than she is.
Amber: What was it like growing up in your family? Did your parents teach you to behave yourself and (3) accept / stand up to / confront society’s rules?
Becca: Actually, our parents were pretty (4) unconventional / amenable / conservative in their attitudes. At a time when most of their friends were becoming bankers and lawyers, my parents helped set up food pantries to feed poor people in our town.
Amber: Well, that helps explain why Olivia is so active in organizing that free tutoring program at the community center. But why do you think you’re so different from her?
Becca: I guess it’s just my personality. I want to help people, but I’m kind of shy and don’t like to (5) fit in / follow the crowd / confront people.
Amber: I think that’s good! You’re (6) being your own person / being rebellious / making waves after all.
1. While most Americans consume 3 kilograms of coffee per year, ...
2. Unlike the average French student, ...
3. In contrast to most Swedish women, ...
You can use supporting ideas while preparing your podcasts scripts. Supporting statements develop the topic sentences by providing key facts, reasons, or examples. Read the paragraph. What’s the topic sentence? Underline three supporting statements that develop the main idea in the topic sentence. Then compare your answers with a partner.
Finish these statements with information of your own to make topic sentences.
Compare with a partner.1. Generally speaking, most people where I live don’t . . .
2. One of my best friends is . . .
3. In general, my friend tends to be . . .
Choose one of the topic sentences and brainstorm supporting ideas.
Then choose at least four supporting statements and write a paragraph.Generally speaking, most people where I live don’t mind making waves. It’s their way of . . .
Exchange paragraphs and answer these questions.
Pair work1. Do all the supporting statements relate to the topic sentence?
2. Do they develop and explain the topic sentence?
3. Do the supporting details fit together in a logical order?
4. What other facts, reasons, or examples could be added?
People in my family don't use credit cards except for big purchases.
I'm very similar to the average student here except that I study three foreign languages.
Suggest an alternative second part for each of the two sentences.
Past habitual with used to and would
Used to and would can both be used to describe past actions or situations which are no longer true.
However, would cannot be used with stative verbs such as live, be, have, or like.
You always used to make me laugh.
Classes didn't use to be so difficult.
Remember the way we would sit around talking?
I would see some great jacket, but you wouldn't let me buy it.
Use while, unlike, and in contrast to in order to present contrasting information, especially in writing.
While the typical Italian person thinks school is boring, the typical Japanese person doesn't.
Unlike the Japanese, Italians seem to drink a lot of bottled water.
In contrast to Italian drivers, Japanese people drive on the left.
Use except (that), except (for), and except for the fact (that) to show an exception ...
Both like TV, except (that) the typical Japanese person watches more of it.
Italian and Japanese people are fairly different, except for the age they get married.
Japanese people typically consume less, except for the fact that they drink more tea.
1. While / Unlike Leo prefers a big breakfast, I just have coffee.
2. No one in the class, except that /with the exception of Eva, can speak German.
3. In contrast to / While city people, people who live on farms must have a car.
4. Unlike / Except for Thai women, Spanish women greet each other with a kiss.
5. I'm a typical Canadian, whereas / except for the fact that I don't like hockey.
6. Most Americans have dinner by 7:00, whereas / unlike in Spain people eat later.
7. Everyone on our street, except that / except for my family, has a pet.
8. Unlike / While me, all my friends are addicted to reality shows on TV.
1. Jun is still in college, whereas / while Alonzo has already graduated.
2. Alonzo considers himself to be pretty typical, ________________________ Jun doesn't.
4. Alonzo is a fan of most sports ________________________ baseball.
5. Alonzo has dinner in restaurants, ________________________ Jun usually can’t afford to eat out.
6. ________________________ Alonzo, Jun hardly ever dresses up.
7. Alonzo has a good job, ________________________ Jun isn’t working now.
8. Jun and Alonzo are very different, ________________________ they are both in their 20s.
These people have had a chance in their lives. What positive or negative impacts have these changes had?
Thing about a big change in your life. Talk about the positive and negative impacts it had.
A Pair work What is your personality type? Take turns using this quiz to interview each other. Then tally your answers and find out which category best describes you.
🔘Learn adjectives that describe personal characteristics
🔘Practice giving definitions