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Walking
May free walk with one hand held1, 2
May attempt independent walking by using an adult’s arm for support while displaying scapular adduction, shoulder elevation, elbow flexion, and a wide base of support1
Average age a child walks independently is 11.93 months22
Early walker takes short steps, quick speed, high cadence, wide base of support, increased hip and knee flexion, and no arm swing1, 9, 96
Postural adjustments to initiate gait during postural phase (weight shift to stance) present; however adjustments required in the locomotor phase (control of pelvic drop on swing side) are not97
Excessive flexion, external rotation, and abduction of hip1
Step with flat foot or plantar-flexed foot1
Scapular adduction1
Figure 11/12.5.1
Figure 11/12.5.1
Early walker takes short steps with high cadence, wide base of support
Figure 11/12.5.2
Figure 11/12.5.2
New walker forward progress with support; foot flat
Figure 11/12.5.3
Figure 11/12.5.3
Attempts independent walking using a toy for support; displays wide base of support to help maintain balance
Figure 11/12.5.4
Figure 11/12.5.4
Average age of independent walking is 11.93 months
Figure 11/12.5.5
Figure 11/12.5.5
Walks independently short steps, quick speed, high cadence, wide base of support, no arm swing
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