0. Spring Overview

Objective

• • Getting Started with Spring and Hibernate - Dev Environment

  • Apply Spring Inversion of Control/Dependency Injection

  • Perform object/relational mapping with Hibernate

  • Leverage the Hibernate API to develop CRUD apps

Why Spring?

Spring in a Nutshell

• Very popular framework for building enterprise java applications

• Initially a simpler and lightweight alternative to J2EE

• Provides a large number of helper classes...makes things easier

But what about J2EE

• Client Side Presentation

• Server Side Presentation - JSP, Servlets, Web Services

• Server Side Business Logic - using Enterprise Java Beans

• Database - backend

• 1999 : J2EE 1.2 - Servlets, JSP, EJB, JMS, RMI

• 2001 : J2EE 1.3 - EJB, CMP, JCA

• 2003 : J2EE 1.4 - Web Services Mgmt Deployment

• 2006 : Java EE 5 - Ease of use, EJB 3, JPA, JSF, JAXB, JAX-WS

• 2009 : Java EE 6 - Pruning, Ease of use, JAX-RS, CDI, Bean Validation, EJB 3.1 introduced much easier to use

• 2013 : Java EE 7 - JMS 2, Batch TX, Concurrency, Web Sockets, Similar features as Core Spring

• 2017 : Java EE 8 - EE provides similar features as Spring, however Spring mush higher reputation

  • EJB - Enterprise Java Beans

  • JMS - Java Message Service

  • RMI - Remote Method Invocation

  • CMP - Container Managed Persistence

  • JCA - Java Connector Architecture

  • JPA - Java Persistence API

  • JSF - Java Server Faces

  • JAXB - Java API for XML Binding

  • JAX-WS - Java Web Services - SOAP

  • JAX-RS - Java Web Services - REST

  • CDI - Context Dependency Injection (IoC)

EJB v1 and v2 Complexity

• Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) is one of several Java APIs for modular construction of enterprise software. EJB is a server-side software component that encapsulates business logic of an application.

• Early version of EJB (v1 and v2) were extremely complex

• Multiple deployment descriptors

• Multiple interfaces

• Poor Performance of Entity Beans

  • Requires 3-4 java files just for Beans implementation - ELB Client, Home Interface, Home Object, Component Interface, EJB Object, Bean Class

J2EE Deployment without ELB

• Most developers would want to use J2EE without EJB

• Rod Johnson - Founder of Spring

• Book - Java Development with Spring Framework

Release Timeline - Spring

• Developer were fed-up with EJB in 2003 and then Spring came-up in 2004

• 2004 : Spring 1.0

• 2006 : Spring 2.0

• 2009 : Spring 3.0

• 2013 : Spring 4.0

• 2016 : Spring 4.3

What Should you do?

• Learn Spring

• Or Java EE

• Better learn both

• Doing MVC, Concept of Dependency Injection are similar in both

Update - Spring 5

• 2017 September : Spring 5

• Updated minimum requirements for Java 8 or higher

• Deprecated legacy integration with old third party projects - Tiles, Velocity, Portlet, Guava, etc

• Upgraded Spring MVC to use new versions of Servlet API 4.0

• Added new reactive programming framework - Spring WebFlux

• What's new in Spring 5\5.1

• Spring 5 FAQ

What about Spring 4?

• Some of you may have projects at your job that are still using Spring 4

• Spring 5 just added new features ...

• But core Spring 4 features are still the same - Inversion of Control, Dependency Injection, Spring AOP, Spring MVC

Spring Framework Overview

• www.spring.io

• Simplify Java Enterprise Development

Goals of Spring

• Lightweight Development with Java POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects)

• Dependency injection to promote loose coupling - via config file or annotations

• Declarative programming with Aspect-Oriented-Programming (AOP)

• Minimize boilerplate Java code - using helper classes from Spring

Core Container

• • Beans

  • Core - Factory for creating beans, Manage bean dependencies

  • SpEL - Spring expression language, language to use in config file

  • Context

Infrastructure

• • AOP - Aspect oriented programming, Add functionality to objects declaratively - Logging, security, transactions, etc

  • Aspects

  • Instrumentation

  • Messaging

Data Access Layer

• • JDBC - JDFC Helper classes, reduce JDBC code by 50%

  • ORM - Object to Relational mapping, Integration with Hibernate and JPA

  • Transactions - Make use of AOP

  • OXM

  • JMS - Java Message service, Helper classes by Spring

Web Layer - All web related classes

• • Servlet

  • Websocket

  • Web

  • Portlet

Test Layer - Supports TDD, Mock objects

• • Unit

  • Integration

  • Mock

What are Spring Projects

• • www.spring.io -> Projects

  • Additional Spring modules built on top of the core Sprint Framework

  • Only use what you need

  • Spring Cloud, Spring Data

  • Spring Batch, Spring Security

  • Spring for Android, Spring Web Flow

  • Spring Web Services, Spring LDAP