Study guide: Desmond and Emirbayer: 6. Crime
1. Before the Civil War, was the sexual assault of a slave girl by a white man recognized as rape?
2. Historically, how has the police have been used to support white supremacy?
3. After the fall of slavery, which juridical institutions – that is, an institution having to do with the creation of laws and the meting out of punishment – arose to control and confine nonwhites, and African-Americans in particular?
4. According to Ida B. Wells’ research on Southern lynchings, why were most black men killed?
5. How did the lynch mob uphold white patriarchy?
6. According the Desmond and Emirbayer, although prisons long had been a feature of American society, they took on a new function after the fall of slavery. What was that new function?
7. Why did Southern prisons introduce “convict leasing” programs?
8. Describe the prison population between 1925 in 1975.
9. What is the prison population today?
10. Which country incarcerates more of its citizens than any other nation on earth?
11. Black men are nearly _____ times more likely than white men to be in prison.
12. What factors explain the prison boom that started around 1975?
13. According to Desmond and Emirbayer, perhaps the primary, if unspoken, intent of law and order policies was to what?
14. According to Desmond and Emirbayer, often, when Republican politicians mentioned “violence in the streets,” what were they speaking about?
15. According to Desmond and Emirbaryer, metropolitan areas with sizable black populations have larger or smaller police forces than cities with fewer black residents?
16. What did studies of New Jersey and Maryland police find with respect to who gets pulled over who is carrying illegal drugs?
17. Compare white and nonwhite juvenile offenders who commit similar crimes.
18. Consequences of prison (know about)
19. According the Desmond and Emirbayer, is incarceration the main reason crime rates have dropped?
20. With respect to the criminal justice system, what privileges do whites have?
21. A white man born after the Civil Rights Movement who later dropped out of high school has a ______ percent chance of doing time in jail or prison? A black man born after the Civil Rights Movement who later dropped out of high school has a ______ percent chance of doing time in jail or prison?
22. One study found that whites are six times less likely than blacks, and four times less likely than Hispanics, to be stopped by the police
23. With respect to drug transactions, why do law enforcement officers target ghetto neighborhoods?
24. Between 1980 and 2011, the number of women behind bars increased by 587 percent.
25. In 2003, how many people in the U.S. were under the supervision of the criminal justice system (on probation, parole, or in jail or prison)?
26. Do immigrant communities have higher crime rates than comparable nonimmigrant communities?
27. According to Robert Sampson, is the crime drop in the 1990s is attributable to the increasing immigrant population?
28. Are second-generation immigrants are more likely to commit crimes than first-generation immigrants?
29. According to your textbook authors, what might explain the relationship between immigration and crime?