Chapter 6 (revised)

deviance

norm

sanction

positive formal sanction

positive informal sanction

negative formal sanction

negative informal sanction

laws

crimes

biological view of deviance

recent New Zealand study that investigated a child's propensity for aggression

psychological view of deviance

definitions of deviance and social context

anomie

functionalist theory

Robert Merton

Albert Cohen

Richard A. Cloward and Lloyd E. Ohlin

Émile Durkheim

differential association theory

control theory

conflict theory

labeling theory

secondary deviance

crime rates in the United States from 1997 to 2016

Uniform Crime Reports

National Crime Victimization Survey

larceny-theft rate

availability of firearms

gender and victims and perpetrators of crime

In 2018, percent of the U.S. prison population that are women

crimes committed by women

age person most likely to be arrested for a crime

white-collar crime

corporate crime

organized crime

Manuel Castells

incarceration rates by country

Michelle Alexander

December 2016, number of people in state or federal prison and people in local jails

Devah Pager

Americans' beliefs about capital punishment

laws allowing capital punishment compared internationally

New York's "stop and frisk" policy

Victor Rios

growing police departments

broken windows theory

community policing

Patrick Sharkey

Sarah Brayne

spending on corrections over the past three decades