Study Guide Quiz 10 -- Juvenile Court Acts (Part 2)

1^st Theory of Causation --- (Classical, Neo-Classical, Rational choice, Deterrence)

2^nd Theory of Causation --- Routine Activities Theory

Deterministic Theories

3^rd Theory of Causation --- Theological (deomonolgy)

4^th Theory of Causation --- Biological (Phrenology and Somatotypes)--

5^th Theory of Causation --- Psychological (Behaviorism and learning Theory)

Sociological Theories

a) 6^th Theory of Causation: Anomie Theory -- Durkheim

b) 7^th Theory of Causation: Strain Theory -- Merton

c) 8^th Theory of Causation: Drift Theory -- Sykes and Matza

d) 9^th Theory: Social Disorganization Theory -- Shaw and McKay

e) 10^th Theory: Differential Association Theory -- Edwin Sutherland

Differential Association Theory A combination of Psychology and Sociology

The adult CJ process

0. Legislative Phase -- rule of law / legislature passes criminal laws

1. Crime Scene phase -- mens rea - actus reus (crime) / investigation / probable cause / arrest

2. Pretrial phase -- sufficient evidence / bail / preliminary hearing / charge / plea

3. Trial Phase -- court hearing for determination of guilt

4. Sentencing hearing -- PSI written by probation officer / sentenced by judge

5. Sentence served -- probation or incarceration / parole

Adult “Justice process” Juvenile “Justice process”

1. Criminal act

2. Probable cause / arrest

3. Arraignment (pretrial, grand jury)

4. Indictment

5. Trial

6. Sentencing hearing

7. Corrections (serving sentence)

Three considerations the officer takes into account during interrogation

Two alternative measures (prior to the petition being filed) that avoid official contact with juvenile system

Implications of alternative measures Stationhouse adjustment / Preliminary conference) regarding constitutional rights / Two requirements

If not satisfied -- power to take further action

The action that is available to him or her,

Steps taken to avoid the appearance of coercion

Prior to detaining a juvenile who is about to be petitioned -- Necessity of a warrant

Requirements of the detention hearing

Categories (cases) of a petition

The person who may file the petition

What the petition must state --

The filing of a petition follows a police action, or the action of a social service agency dealing with minors.

Qualifications necessary to bring the need to file a petition to police or social service agency

Taking a juvenile into custody prior to filing a petition