Latín II

Adjectives

bona, good

grāta, pleasing

magna, large, great

mala, bad, wicked

parva, small, little

pulchra, beautiful, pretty

sōla, alone

Nouns

ancil´la, maidservant

Iūlia, Julia

Adverbs1

cūr, why

nōn, not

Pronouns

mea, my; tua, thy, your(possesives)

quid, interrog. pronoun, nom. and acc. sing.,what?

Nouns

Verbs

casa, -ae, f., cottage

cēna, -ae, f., dinner

gallī´na, -ae, f., hen, chicken

īn´sula, ae, f., island(pen-insula)

ha´bitat, he (she, it) lives, is living, does live (inhabit)

laudat, he (she, it) praises, is praising, does praise (laud)

parat, he (she, it) prepares, is preparing, does prepare

vocat, he (she, it) calls, is calling, does call; invites, is inviting, does invite (vocation)

Adverbs

de-in´de, then, in the next place

ubi, where

Preposition

ad, to, with acc. to express motion toward

Nouns

Adjectives

Italia, -ae, f., Italy

Sicilia, -ae, f., Sicily

tuba, -ae, f., trumpet(tube)

via, -ae, f., way, road, street (viaduct)

alta, high, deep(altitude)

clāra, clear, bright; famous

lāta, wide (latitude)

longa, long (longitude)

nova, new (novelty)

bellum, -ī, n., war (re-bel)

cōnstantia, -ae, f.,firmness, constancy, steadiness

dominus, -ī, m., master, lord (dominate)

equus, -ī, m., horse(equine)

frūmentum, -ī, n., grain

lēgātus, -ī, m.,lieutenant, ambassador(legate)

Mārcus, -ī, m., Marcus, Mark

mūrus, -ī, m., wall(mural)

oppidānus, -ī, m.,townsman

oppidum, -ī, n., town

pīlum, -ī, n., spear (pile driver)

servus, -ī, m., slave, servant

Sextus, -ī, m., Sextus

Verbs

cūrat, he (she, it) cares for, with acc.

properat, he (she, it) hastens

amīcus, -ī, m., friend(amicable)

Germānia, -ae, f., Germany

patria, -ae, f.,fatherland

populus, -ī, m., people

Rhēnus, -ī, m., the Rhine

vīcus, -ī, m., village

Nouns

Adjectives

fīlius, fīlī, m., son(filial)

fluvius, fluvī, m., river(fluent)

gladius, gladī, m., sword(gladiator)

praesidium, praesi´dī, n.,garrison, guard, protection

proelium, proelī, n.,battle

fīnitimus, -a, -um,bordering upon, neighboring, near to. As a noun, fīnitimī, -ōrum, m., plur., neighbors

Germānus, -a, -um, German. As a noun, Germānus, -ī, m., a German

multus, -a, -um, much; plur., many

Nouns

carrus, -ī, m., cart, wagon

inopia, -ae, f., want, lack; the opposite ofcōpia

studium, studī, n., zeal, eagerness (study)

Adjectives

armātus, -a, -um, armed

īnfīrmus, -a, -um, week, feeble (infirm)

vali´dus, -a, -um, strong, sturdy

Verb

Adverb

mātūrat, he (she, it) hastens. Cf. properat

iam, already, now

agrī cultūra, -ae, f.,agriculture

domicilīum, domīci´lī, n.,dwelling place(domicile) abode

fēmina, -ae, f., woman(female)

Gallia, -ae, f., Gaul

Gallus, -i, m., a Gaul

lacrima, -ae, f., tear

numerus, -ī, m., number(numeral)

Adjective

Adverb

mātūrus, -a, -um, ripe, mature

quō, whither

Verbs

Conjunction

arat, he (she, it) plows(arable)

dēsīderat, he (she, it) misses, longs for(desire), with acc.

an, or, introducing the second half of a double question, as Is he a Roman or a Gaul, Estne Romanus an Gallus?

Nouns

Adjectives

lūdus, -ī, m.,school

socius, socī, m.,companion, ally (social)

īrātus, -a, -um, angry, furious (irate)

laetus, -a, -um, happy, glad (social)

hodiē, to-day

ibi, there, in that place

mox, presently, soon, of the immediate future

nunc, now, the present moment

nūper, lately, recently, of the immediate past

fōrma, -ae, f., form, beauty

poena, -ae, f.,punishment, penalty

potentia, -ae, f., power(potent)

regīna, -ae, f., queen(regal)

superbia, -ae, f., pride, haughtiness

trīstītīa, -ae, f.,sadness, sorrow

Adjectives

Conjunctions

septem, indeclinable,seven

superbus, -a, -um, proud, haughty (superb)

nōn sōlum ... sed etiam,not only ... but also

Nouns

Adjectives

sacrum, -ī, n., sacrifice, offering, rite

verbum, -ī, n., word(verb)

interfectus, -a, -um,slain

molestus, -a, -um,troublesome, annoying(molest)

perpetuus, -a, -um,perpetual, continuous

Verbs

sedeō, -ēre, sit(sediment)

volō, -āre, fly (volatile)

Nouns

Adjectives

āla, -ae, f., wing

deus, -ī, m., god (deity)1

monstrum, -ī, n., omen, prodigy; monster

ōrāculum, -ī, n., oracle

commōtus, -a, -um, moved, excited

maximus, -a, -um, greatest(maximum)

saevus, -a, -um, fierce, savage

Verb

vāstō, -āre, lay waste, devastate

Adverbs

ita, thus, in this way, as follows

tum, then, at that time

Verbs

Conjunction

respondeō, -ēre, respond, reply

servō, -āre, save, preserve

autem, but, moreover, now. Usually

stands second, never first

Adjective

Noun

cārus, -a, -um, dear(cherish)

vīta, -ae, f., life(vital)

Verb

Adverbs

superō, -āre, conquer, overcome (insuperable)

semper, always

tamen, yet, nevertheless

Nouns

Prepositions

cūra, -ae, f., care, trouble

locus, -ī, m., place, spot(location). Locus is neuter in the plural and is declined loca, -ōrum, etc.

perīculum, -ī, n., danger, peril

dē, with abl., down from; concerning

per, with acc., through

Conjunction

si, if

absum, abesse, irreg., be away, be absent, be distant, with separative abl.

adpropinquō, -āre, draw near, approach(propinquity), with dative1

contineō, -ēre, hold together, hem in, keep(contain)

discēdō, -ere, depart, go away, leave, with separative abl.

egeō, -ēre, lack, need, be without, with separative abl.

interficiō, -ere, kill

prohibeō, -ēre,restrain, keep from(prohibit)

vulnerō, -āre, wound(vulnerable)

Nouns

Adjective

prōvincia, -ae, f.,province

vīnum, -ī, n., wine

dēfessus, -a, -um,weary, worn out

Adverb

longē, far, by far, far away

Nouns

Adjectives

aurum, -ī, n., gold(oriole)

mora, -ae, f., delay

nāvigium, nāvi´gī, n.,boat, ship

ventus, -ī, m., wind(ventilate)

attentus, -a, -um,attentive, careful

dubius, -a, -um, doubtful(dubious)

perfidus, -a, -um,faithless, treacherous(perfidy)

Verb

nāvigō, -āre, sail(navigate)

Adverb

anteā, before, previously

Nouns

Adjectives

animus, -ī, m., mind, heart; spirit, feeling(animate)

bracchium, bracchī, n.,forearm, arm

porta, -ae, f., gate(portal)

adversus, -a, -um,opposite; adverse, contrary

plēnus, -a, -um, full(plenty)

Preposition

Adverb

prō, with abl., before; in behalf of; instead of

diū, for a long time, long

celeriter, quickly(celerity)

dēnique, finally

graviter, heavily, severely (gravity)

subitō, suddenly

dexter, dextra, dextrum,right (dextrous)

sinister, sinistra, sinistrum, left

frūstrā, adv., in vain(frustrate)

neque or nec, conj.,neither, nor, and ... not; neque ... neque,neither ... nor

castellum, -ī, n.,redoubt, fort (castle)

cotīdiē, adv., daily

barbarus, -a, -um,strange, foreign, barbarous. As a noun,barbarī, -ōrum, m., plur., savages, barbarians

dux, ducis, m., leader(duke). Cf. the verbdūcō

eques, equitis, m.,horseman, cavalryman(equestrian)

iūdex, iūdicis, m., judge

lapis, lapidis, m., stone(lapidary)

mīles, mīlitis, m.,soldier (militia)

pedes, peditis, m., foot soldier (pedestrian)

pēs, pedis,1 m., foot(pedal)

prīnceps, prīncipis, m.,chief (principal)

rēx, rēgis, m., king(regal)

summus, -a, -um, highest, greatest (summit)

virtūs, virtūtis, f.,manliness, courage(virtue)

Caesar, -aris, m., Cæsar

captīvus, -ī, m., captive, prisoner

cōnsul, -is, m., consul

frāter, frātris, m.,brother (fraternity)

homō, hominis, m., man, human being

impedīmentum, -ī, n.,hindrance (impediment); plur. impedīmenta, -ōrum, baggage

imperātor, imperātōris, m., commander in chief, general (emperor)

legiō, legiōnis, f.,legion

māter, mātris, f., mother(maternal)

ōrdō, ōrdinis, m., row, rank (order)

pater, patris, m., father(paternal)

salūs, salūtis, f., safety(salutary)

soror, sorōris, f., sister(sorority)

calamitās, calamitātis, f., loss, disaster, defeat (calamity)

caput, capitis, n., head(capital)

flūmen, flūminis, n.,river (flume)

labor, labōris, m., labor, toil

opus, operis, n., work, task

ōrātor, ōrātōris, m.,orator

rīpa, -ae, f., bank (of a stream)

tempus, temporis, n., time(temporal)

terror, terrōris, m.,terror, fear

victor, victōris, m.,victor

animal, animālis (-ium1), n., animal

avis, avis (-ium), f.,bird (aviation)

caedēs, caedīs (-ium), f.,slaughter

calcar, calcāris (-ium), n., spur

cīvis, cīvis (-ium), m. and f., citizen (civic)

cliēns, clientis (-ium), m., retainer, dependent(client)

fīnis, fīnis (-ium), m.,end, limit (final); plur., country, territory

hostis, hostis (-ium), m. and f., enemy in war (hostile). Distinguish from inimīcus, which means a personal enemy

ignis, ignis (-ium), m.,fire (ignite)

īnsigne, īnsignis (-ium), n. decoration, badge(ensign)

mare, maris (-ium2), n.,sea (marine)

nāvis, nāvis (-ium), f.,ship (naval);

nāvis longa, man-of-war

turris, turris (-ium), f.,tower (turret)

urbs, urbis (-ium), f.,city (suburb). An urbsis larger than anoppidum.

arbor, arboris, f., tree(arbor)

collis, collis (-ium), m.,hill

dēns, dentis (-ium), m.,tooth (dentist)

fōns, fontis (-ium), m..fountain, spring; source

iter, itineris, n., march, journey, route(itinerary)

mēnsis, mēnsis (-ium), m.,month

moenia, -ium, n., plur.,walls, fortifications. Cf. mūrus

mōns, montis (-ium), m.,mountain;

summus mōns, top of the mountain

numquam, adv., never

pōns, pontis, m., bridge(pontoon)

sanguis, sanguinis, m., blood (sanguinary)

summus, -a, -um, highest, greatest (summit)

trāns, prep, with acc.,across (transatlantic)

vīs (vīs), gen. plur.virium, f. strength, force, violence (vim)

ācer, ācris, ācre, sharp, keen, eager (acrid)

brevis, breve, short, brief

difficilis, difficile,difficult

facilis, facile, facile, easy

fortis, forte, brave(fortitude)

gravis, grave, heavy, severe, serious (grave)

omnis, omne, every, all(omnibus)

pār, gen. paris, equal(par)

paucī, -ae, -a, few, only a few (paucity)

secundus, -a, -um, second; favorable, opposite of adversus

signum, -ī, n., signal, sign, standard

vēlōx, gen. vēlōcis, swift(velocity)

adventus, -ūs, m.,approach, arrival(advent)

ante, prep, with acc.,before (ante-date)

cornū, -ūs, n., horn, wingof an army (cornucopia);

ā dextrō cornū, on the right wing;

ā sinistrō cornū, on the left wing

equitātus, -ūs, m.,cavalry

exercitus, -ūs, m., army

impetus, -ūs, m., attack(impetus); impetum facere in, with acc., to make an attack on

lacus, -ūs, dat. and abl. plur. lacubus, m., lake

manus, -ūs, f., hand; band, force (manual)

portus, -ūs, m., harbor(port)

post, prep, with acc.,behind, after (post-mortem)

Athēnae, -ārum, f., plur.,Athens

Corinthus, -ī, f., Corinth

domus, -ūs, locative domī, f., house, home (dome). Cf. domicilium

Genāva, -ae, f., Geneva

Pompēii, -ōrum, m., plur.,Pompeii, a city in Campania. See map

propter, prep. with acc.,on account of, because of

rūs, rūris, in the plur. only nom. and acc. rūra, n., country (rustic)

tergum, tergī, n., back; ā tergō, behind, in the rear

vulnus, vulneris, n.,wound (vulnerable)

aciēs, -ēī, f., line of battle

aestās, aestātis, f.,summer

annus, -ī, m., year(annual)

diēs, diēī, m., day(diary)

fidēs, fideī, no plur., f., faith, trust; promise, word; protection; in fidem venīre, to come under the protection

fluctus, -ūs, m. wave, billow (fluctuate)

hiems, hiemis, f., winter

hōra, -ae, f., hour

lūx, lūcis, f., light(lucid); prīma lux,daybreak

merīdiēs, acc. -em, abl. -ē, no plur., m., midday(meridian)

nox, noctis (-ium), f.,night (nocturnal)

prīmus, -a, -um, first(prime)

rēs, reī, f., thing, matter (real);

rēs gestae, deeds, exploits (lit. things performed); rēs adversae, adversity; rēs secundae, prosperity

spēs, speī, f., hope

amīcitia, -ae, f.,friendship (amicable)

itaque, conj., and so, therefore, accordingly

littera, -ae, f., a letterof the alphabet;

plur., a letter, an epistle

metus, metūs, m., fear

nihil, indeclinable, n.,nothing (nihilist)

nūntius, nūntī, m.,messenger. Cf. nūntiō

pāx, pācis, f., peace(pacify)

rēgnum, -ī, n., reign, sovereignty, kingdom

supplicum, suppli´cī, n.,punishment;

supplicum sūmere dē, with abl., inflict punishment on;

supplicum dare, suffer punishment. Cf. poena

corpus, corporis, n., body(corporal)

dēnsus, -a, -um, dense

īdem, e´adem, idem, demonstrative pronoun,the same (identity)

ipse, ipsa, ipsum, intensive pronoun, self; even, very

mīrus, -a, -um, wonderful, marvelous (miracle)

ōlim, adv., formerly, once upon a time

pars, partis (-ium), f.,part, region, direction

quoque, adv., also. Standsafter the word which it emphasizes

sōl, sōlis, m., sun(solar)

vērus, -a, -um, true, real(verity)

hic, haec, hoc, demonstrative pronoun,this (of mine); he, she, it

ille, illa, illud, demonstrative pronounthat (yonder); he, she, it

invīsus, -a, -um, hateful, detested, with dative Cf. § 143

iste, ista, istud, demonstrative pronoun,that (of yours); he, she, it

lībertās, -ātis, f.,liberty

modus, -ī, m., measure; manner, way, mode

nōmen, nōminis, n., name(nominate)

oculus, -ī, m., eye(oculist)

prīstinus, -a, -um,former, old-time(pristine)

pūblicus, -a, -um, public, belonging to the state;rēs pūblica, reī pūblicae, f., the commonwealth, the state, the republic

vestīgium, vestī´gī, n.,footprint, track; trace, vestige

vōx, vōcis, f., voice

incolumis, -e, unharmed

nē ... quidem, adv., not even. The emphatic word stands between nē andquidem

nisi, conj., unless, if ... not

paene, adv., almost (pen-insula)

satis, adv., enough, sufficiently(satisfaction)

tantus, -a, -um, so great

vērō, adv., truly, indeed, in fact. As a conj. but, however, usually stands second, never first.

aquila, -ae, f., eagle(aquiline)

audāx, gen. audācis, adj.,bold, audacious

celer, celeris, celere,swift, quick (celerity). Cf. vēlōx

explōratōr, -ōris, m.,scout, spy (explorer)

ingēns, gen. ingentis, adj., huge, vast

medius, -a, -um, middle, middle part of (medium)

mēns, mentis (-ium), f.,mind (mental). Cf.animus

opportūnus, -a, -um,opportune

quam, adv., than. With the superlative quam gives the force of as possible, as quam audācissimī virī, men as bold as possible

recens, gen. recentis, adj., recent

tam, adv., so. Always with an adjective or adverb, while ita is generally used with a verb

alacer, alacris, alacre,eager, spirited, excited(alacrity)

celeritās, -ātis, f.,speed (celerity)

clāmor, clāmōris, m.,shout, clamor

lēnis, lēne, mild, gentle(lenient)

mulier, muli´eris, f.,woman

multitūdō, multitūdinis, f., multitude

nēmŏ, dat. nēminī, acc.nēminem (gen. nūllīus, abl. nūllō, fromnūllus), no plur., m. and f., no one

nōbilis, nōbile, well known, noble

noctū, adv. (an old abl.),by night (nocturnal)

statim, adv., immediately, at once

subitō, adv., suddenly

tardus, -a, -um, slow(tardy)

aedificium, aedifi´cī, n.,building, dwelling(edifice)

imperium, impe´rī, n.,command, chief power; empire

mors, mortis (-ium), f.,death (mortal)

reliquus, -a, -um,remaining, rest of. As a noun, m. and n. plur.,the rest (relic)

scelus, sceleris, n.,crime

servitūs, -ūtis, f.,slavery (servitude)

vallēs, vallis (-ium), f.,valley

aditus, -ūs, m., approach, access; entrance

cīvitās, cīvitātis, f.,citizenship; body of citizens, state (city)

inter, prep, with acc.,between, among(interstate commerce)

nam, conj., for

obses, obsidis, m. and f.,hostage

paulō, adv. (abl. n. ofpaulus), by a little, somewhat

aequus, -a, -um, even, level; equal

cohors, cohortis (-ium), f., cohort, a tenth part of a legion, about 360 men

currō, currere, cucurrī, cursus, run (course)

difficultās, -ātis, f.,difficulty

fossa, -ae, f., ditch(fosse)

gēns, gentis (-ium), f.,race, tribe, nation(Gentile)

negōtium, negōtī, n.,business, affair, matter(negotiate)

regiō, -ōnis, f., region, district

rūmor, rūmōris, m., rumor, report. Cf. fāma

simul atque, conj., as soon as

commeātus, -ūs, m..provisions

lātitūdō, -inis, f., width(latitude)

longitūdō, -inis, f.,length (longitude)

magnitūdō, -inis, f.,size, magnitude

mercātor, mercātōris, m.,trader, merchant

mūnītiō, -ōnis, f.,fortification (munition)

spatium, spatī, n., room, space, distance; time

agmen, agminis, n., line of march, column; prīmum agmen, the van;novissimum agmen, the rear

atque, ac, conj., and;atque is used before vowels and consonants,ac before consonants only. Cf. et and -que

concilium, conci´lī, n.,council, assembly

Helvētiī, -ōrum, m., the Helvetii, a Gallic tribe

passus, passūs, m., a pace, five Roman feet;mīlle passuum, a thousand (of) paces, a Roman mile

quā dē causā, for this reason, for what reason

vāllum, -ī, n., earth-works, rampart

aut, conj., or; aut ... aut, either ... or

causā, abl. of causa, for the sake of, because of. Always stands after the gen. which modifies it

ferē, adv., nearly, almost

opīniō, -ōnis, f.,opinion, supposition, expectation

rēs frūmentāria, reī frūmentāriae, f. (lit.the grain affair), grain supply

timor, -ōris, m., fear. Cf. timeō

undique, adv., from all sides