The Location in a source alludes to where the information of the source is found.
Books
In a book the location usually implies the page numbers from where the source starts to when it ends. However, in most book sources that implies that it is the entire book, so the location is omitted. Notable exceptions include:
In these cases one may add the page numbers of the specific work within the book after the date of publication, such as: pp. 70-71.
Periodical Articles
In a newspaper or magazine article, the page numbers under which the source article can be found are listed after the date of publication.
Online Material
Online sources require the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) address, or web address. This applies to:
The URL is added at the end of the bibliographical citation, and before the date of last access, without including the https:// or http:// portion of the address.
Online Database Article
Online database articles are more often than not digital versions of a printed (or designed for print) periodical, so they require both the page number and the URL!
In the case of the online database, the publication is considered the container while the online database is considered the second container. Therefore, under the information of the first container (the periodical) you would add the page numbers of the article. Under the information of the second container (the database) you would add the URL, or if available, the DOI code.
The DOI (Digital Object Identifier) code is better to use in an online database instead of the URL, as this will track the article even if it is physically moved inside a website. A DOI code looks like this: doi:10.1002/tox.20155.
Work of Art
In the case of a painting, sculpture or installation, the location refers to the physical place where that work of art is located. This is formatted by stating the name of the museum, gallery, or collection housing the piece, followed by the city it is located in.
Eg. Museo del Prado, Madrid.
City of Publication
MLA-8 format does not require you to add the city of publication of your (written) source. However, in previous MLA editions, as well as in other citation formats, this is required information. If you choose to use a citation format that is not MLA-8, do remember to write down where the book source was published.