Introduction
Illustrated mechanism of action
Examples of Medication Brand Names (with Images)
Indication
Side Effects
Precautions & Contraindications
Monographs
Reference
Common:
Tremors
Palpitations
Headache
Nervousness
Muscle cramps
Less common but serious:
Hypokalemia
Tachycardia or arrhythmias
Paradoxical bronchospasm
Advair
1. Asthma (in combination with inhaled corticosteroids):
Used for maintenance treatment of asthma, not for acute attacks.
Helps in preventing nighttime symptoms and exercise-induced bronchospasm.
2. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Used for long-term maintenance treatment of bronchospasm and to improve lung function.
Often combined with other medications like corticosteroids or anticholinergics.
3. Exercise-induced bronchospasm:
Can be used as a preventive treatment, taken 30 minutes before exercise (though not a first-line option on its own anymore).
It is indicated for the long-term maintenance treatment of:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
It helps to reduce airflow obstruction, improve lung function, and relieve symptoms like breathlessness.
Important note:
Indacaterol is not indicated for asthma.
It is not used for acute bronchospasm attacks.
Often used in combination with other drugs like:
LAMA (e.g., glycopyrronium or tiotropium)
or in triple therapy with ICS + LAMA.
It is indicated for the maintenance treatment of:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema.
It improves lung function, reduces breathlessness, and supports better quality of life.
Important note:
Olodaterol is not indicated for the treatment of asthma.
It is not for relief of acute bronchospasm.
Commonly used in combination with:
LAMA (e.g., tiotropium)
or as part of a fixed-dose dual or triple inhaler therapy.
It is not used alone—it's only available in combination with other drugs, such as:
Fluticasone (a corticosteroid) → in asthma and COPD
Umeclidinium (a LAMA) → in COPD
Or all three combined (Fluticasone + Umeclidinium + Vilanterol) → in severe COPD
Indications of Vilanterol (in combinations):
1. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Used for long-term maintenance treatment to:
Improve lung function
Reduce symptoms (like shortness of breath)
Prevent exacerbations
Given as part of dual or triple inhalers.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-acting_beta-adrenoceptor_agonist
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1526054200901027
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24851-beta-agonist
https://zaimspharma.com/beta-2-agonists-uses-mechanisms-effects-interactio/
https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/media/documents/COPD_Inhalers_2023.pdf
https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/drug-guide/long-acting-beta-agonists-%28labas%29