linezolid

• Introduction 

• Illustrated mechanism of action 

• Examples of Medication Brand Names (with Images)

• Indication

• Side Effects 

• Precautions & Contraindications 

• Monographs

• Reference 

1. Introduction:

Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic belonging to the oxazolidinone class. It is primarily used to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, especially those that are resistant to other antibiotics, such as MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and VRE (Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci). Linezolid is available in both oral and intravenous (IV) forms.

2. Illustrated Mechanism of Action:

Linezolid inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 23S portion of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing the formation of the initiation complex. This action is bacteriostatic against enterococci and staphylococci, and bactericidal against most strains of streptococci.

Precautions & Contraindications:

Precautions:

• Monitor complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
  
  

• Use caution in patients on serotonergic or adrenergic agents.
  
  

• Monitor for vision changes during long-term therapy.
  
  

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to linezolid or any of its components.
  
  

• Concomitant use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 2 weeks of their discontinuation.
  
  

• Patients taking serotonergic psychiatric medications (unless benefits outweigh risks).
  
  

Reference 

Key References:

• Lexicomp Online Database
  
  

• Micromedex Drug Information
  
  

• FDA Label for Zyvox: FDA Link
  
  

• CDC Guidelines for MRSA/VRE Management
  
  

• Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Guidelines