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Functions: protection, thermoregulation, sensory/communication
2 types:
Thick
NO hair
Located on plantar regions (palms and soles)
Thin
YES hair
Thicker dermis
Epidermis
Epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelium
Avascular
Contains sweat glands, hair, and sebaceous glands
5 layers:
Stratum corneum (most superficial)
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale (most deep)
(💡Come Let's Get Sun Burnt)
Dermis
Dermis
Dense, irregular connective tissue
Papillary layer
Reticular layer
Epidermal pegs interdigitate with the dermal papillae
Contains blood vessels, sensory nerves, and lymphatics
Has arrector pilli and other muscles
Hypodermis
Hypodermis
Areolar (loose) connective tissue
Allows for movement
Panniculus Adiposus and Superficial Fascia
Mechanoreceptors and Tactile Organs
Mechanoreceptors and Tactile Organs
Merkel's Disc
Basal epidermis and hair follicles
Sensitive to tissue displacement, light touch, shapes
Pacinian Corpuscle
Deep (Dermis and Hypodermis)
Sensitive to LARGE pressure changes, high-frequency vibrations, grasping
Meissner's Corpuscle
Dermal ridges, especially thick skin
Sensitive to low-frequency vibrations and light touch
Ruffini's Ending (Corpuscle)
Skin stretching, movement, and finger position
Panniculus Carnosus (Cutaneous Trunci)
Panniculus Carnosus (Cutaneous Trunci)
Deep layer of striated muscle attached to fascia of skin, below panniculus adiposus of hypodermis
Skin twitching and contractions
Panniculus Reflex used to help localize spinal cord lesions
Loss of reflex caudal to lesion
Test Yourself:
Test Yourself:
Q: What are the main functions of skin?
Q: What are the main functions of skin?
A: Protection, thermoregulation, sensory/communication
Q: What are the 5 layers of epidermis (superficial to deep)?
Q: What are the 5 layers of epidermis (superficial to deep)?
A: Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale
Q: What layer of skin is the Panniculus Adiposus and Superficial Fascia associated with?
Q: What layer of skin is the Panniculus Adiposus and Superficial Fascia associated with?
A: Hypodermis
Q: What are the 4 mechanoreceptors and their functions?
Q: What are the 4 mechanoreceptors and their functions?
A: Merkel's Disc - Sensitive to tissue displacement, light touch, shapes
Pacinian Corpuscle - Sensitive to LARGE pressure changes, high-frequency vibrations, grasping
Meissner's Corpuscle - Sensitive to low-frequency vibrations and light touch
Ruffini's Ending - Skin stretching, movement, and finger position
Q: What does the Panniculus Carnosus (Cutaneous Trunci) help diagnose?
Q: What does the Panniculus Carnosus (Cutaneous Trunci) help diagnose?
A: help localize spinal cord lesions
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